La Ama-microdasys we-Opuntia Isitshalo sohlobo lwe-Opuntia lomndeni wakwaCactaceae, owaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi amaphiko ezingelosi, i-polka dot cactus nezindlebe zonogwaja phakathi kwamanye amagama amaningi.
Ivela enkabeni nasenyakatho yeMexico futhi iyabonakala endle kulo lonke elaseMelika kusuka olwandle kuya kumamitha ayi-3000 ngaphezu kolwandle. Bayingxenye yomndeni omkhulu we-cacti, obongwa ngezimbali zabo ezinhle phezulu nokuthinta kwabo okungajwayelekile.
Izici
I-cactus iyinhlobo engapheli eyakhiwe yisiqu esinamagatsha okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi sakhe isihlahla esikhulu esingaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-60 ukuphakama. Isiqu saso esiyindilinga, siyisicaba futhi siyiglobhu esibizwa ngama-cladode nokuthi ezinye zivame ukudideka namaqabunga, zingalinganisa u-15 cm.
Banesimo se-oval ngaphandle kwezinsipho ezifanele, noma kunjalo uma unama-glochids amaningi noma ama-microspines ajwayelekile we-opuntia ezicasulayo impela futhi ezingabonakali ngamehlo enyama. Lapho uthintana nomuntu, kungadala ukucasuka ku-dermis.
Zibuye zikhonjwe ngokuba nohlelo lwempande olunamanzi olukhula ngokuyisisekelo ngobubanzi futhi izimpande zazo azivamile ukujula. Ngezimbali ezikhangayo nezichichimayo, zinama-sepals amaningi ayinyama futhi amile okweqanda ngombala ophuzi otholakala ochungechungeni oluningi, okuthi uma seluvundisiwe, lukhiqize izithelo ezibukeka zibomvu, ezibukeka njenge-ovoid eziqukethe imbewu eningi. I-Opuntia ihlangana kalula kalula, kepha ngenkathi inzalo yayo iqhubeka nokuqhakaza kakhulu, ayikwazi ukukhiqiza imbewu. Kwesinye isikhathi kunamaqabunga amancane angama-cylindrical, asongwe ngongqimba oluncane lwe-waxy olukhawulela ukujuluka.
Ukutshala izitshalo Ama-microdasys we-Opuntia
Tshala ifayili le- Ama-microdasys we-Opuntia kuyefana nokutshala enye i-cacti, nje kuqala ngokubuyisela imvelo engokwemvelo ye-cactus. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, siyisitshalo esikhula kalula, sikhula kahle eMedithera, ukuze utshale ezindaweni ezivulekile. Lidinga izindawo ezinelanga eligcwele, kepha ehlobo kungcono ukuthi ulivikele elangeni elinamandla emahoreni afudumele kakhulu. Akudingi inhlabathi ethize, kepha kunconywa ukuthi unikeze inhlabathi ekhishwe kahle ngenhlanganisela ejwayelekile yenhlabathi yomhlaba wonke, isihlabathi kanye nokuhlanganiswa ngezingxenye ezilinganayo.
Lokhu kukhiqizwa ngokusika okuqukethe i-cladode eneminyaka emibili lapho kufakwa ama-cladode unyaka owodwa noma amathathu. Ngokwemvelo, ingxenye eyodwa yanele ukuthatha izimpande emhlabathini.
Ukunakekelwa
Ukunisela okufanelekile kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwezitshalo Ama-microdasys we-Opuntia. Ngokuphikisana nombono wabalimi abaningi be-novice cactus, lezi zitshalo zasogwadule zidinga ukuchelelwa njalo, okungenani ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Amanzi kuphela uma uqinisekile ukuthi inhlabathi yomile. Vele, ngesikhathi sasebusika kudinga amanzi amancane futhi ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, mhlawumbe kanye ngenyanga kufanele kwenele.
Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba nangesikhathi sokukhula, ungasebenzisa umanyolo okhethekile we-cactus ngokunisela. Lolu hlobo alunazo izidingo ezithile zokudla okunempilo. Akudingi ukunakwa okukhethekile, kepha kufanele ihlolwe ukuthola izinkinga zezitshalo futhi ngaleyo ndlela igweme izinkinga zokukhula kanye nezifo.
Le cactus ilungisa amazinga okushisa asukela ku-20 ° C kuye ku-37 ° CNoma kunjalo, kudinga amazinga okushisa aphansi kancane ebusika. Ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi, kufanele igcinwe phakathi kuka-10 ° C no-20 ° C, futhi kude nemiphakathi yokushisa emaphakathi. Ebusika, izingxenye ze-cactus ziba mpunga ngokukhanya. Ukwehluleka ukuhlinzeka ngalezi zimo zasebusika ezilawulwayo kuzoholela ekufeni kwezitshalo entwasahlobo elandelayo.
Ukubhebhetheka
Imbewu enkulu izungezwe i-epidermis eqinile futhi eqinile. Zigcotshwe izinsuku ezingama-2-3, zigcotshwe kancane nge-sandpaper, lapho-ke zibekwa emhlabathini enhlabathini emanzi, ezingeni lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-20º C kanye no-30 ° C ekukhanyeni futhi embozwe ngepulasitiki kuze kube yilapho kuhluma.
Lapho zikhulu ngokwanele ukuphatha, khonkotha izithombo ezimbizeni ngazinye bese uzifaka ku-greenhouse okungenani ebusika bokuqala ababili. Ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, zibeke ezikhundleni zazo unomphela. Zigcine zivikelekile kumswakama wasebusika
Ngaphandle kokubukeka kwakhe engenakuzisiza, yebo awuqapheli lapho uphatha isitshalo, ama-glochids amaningi noma ama-microspines angacasula impela. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uyiphatha ngokunakekela okukhulu nangokuqapha, ukugweme ukuyithinta ngezandla; Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngaphandle kokuqaphela, izandla zakho zizombozwa ngameva amancane futhi acasulayo.
Ukuhlikihla amehlo akho ngemuva kokuphatha lezi zinhlobo ngezandla kungaba yingozi enkulu. Uma kwenzeka uhlatshwa yi-microspines, ungabasusa usebenzisa udlawana, ukuhlafuna ushungamu noma ukugcoba ngensipho.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Uma wenza amaphutha ekutshaleni, ekusakazeni noma ekunakekeleni isitshalo, zingavela izifo zomzimba ezimpandeni, isiqu kanye nama-cladode.
Amanzi amaningi noma amancane kakhulu angadala ukubola noma izicubu ezomile esitshalweni. Isikhathi sokuzijwayeza ukushuba kwelanga kubangela ukuvela kwamabala aphuzi athi kamuva abe nsundu.
Imisinga yomoya obandayo ingaveza amabala abomvu. Ukusikwa okuvuthiwe kakhulu kungadala ukuthamba kwezicubu noma ukuwa. Ukuntuleka kwelanga kuthinta ukuqhakaza kwezitshalo ezitholakala emafulethini. Ukungenisa umoya okubi noma ngokweqile kuveza ukusha ku-cactus.
Lokhu futhi njengamanye ama-cacti, kuvame ukuba yizisulu zezinambuzane eziphazamisayo. Ngakho-ke kufanele uhlale unake ukuvela kwalezi zinambuzane eziyingozi ezitshalweni zakho. Ama-mealybugs yizinambuzane ezincane ezilinganisa phakathi kuka-0,5 no-1 mm, ngokuvela kwamagobolondo amhlophe amhlophe, afana nezihlangu eziguquliwe, ezinamathela ezihlokweni naseziqabeni ukuze zondle ubisi.
I-Opuntia izwela ngokukhethekile ekuhlaselweni kwalesi sifo. the I-Woodlouse Yisinambuzane esinomzimba ogcwele ukwanda ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki kakhulu. Ukubulala lezi zinambuzane, shayela izitshalo ezithintekile ngebhulashi elifushane le-bristle noma amanzi ngomsele wamanzi owanele ngokwanele. Esinye isinambuzane salesi sitshalo isicabucabu esibomvu. Yimbuzane egcwele umoya oshisayo nowomile. Zibangela ukuguqulwa kombala onsundu kwemikhawulo yamanzi amnandi. Amaphaphu alesi spider angalimaza ihlumela lokugcina ku-cactus. Ikhambi lokuvikela imvamisa kuzoba ukufafaza amanzi ezitshalweni zakho, ufake umoya kahle, futhi unganiki i-nitrogen eningi kakhulu.