Ama-blueberries (i-Vaccinium myrtillus)

Izithelo ezibomvu zitshalwa kabanzi ezimbizeni nasensimini nasezivandeni zasemadolobheni. Ukuze ukutshala kwakho kube yimpumelelo udinga ukwazi ezinye izidingo zenhlabathi nokunakekelwa. Sizogxila ukutshalwa kwama-blueberries. Igama layo lesayensi ngu I-vaccinium myrtillus futhi izidingo zabo zokutshala ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo.

Uma ufuna ukufunda konke ngama-blueberries nokuthi ungawatshala kanjani, qhubeka ufunde 🙂

Izidingo zokutshala

Izici ezinomkhawulo ezithinta kakhulu ama-blueberries yilezo zenhlabathi. I-pH yayo kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-4,3 no-5. Babekezelela inhlabathi ene-asidi kuphela, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi indawo lapho itshalwe khona ayinayo imimoya enamandla. Ngale ndlela sizokugwema ukuwa kwezithelo okudala ukulimala njengokuklwebheka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindawo ezinamakhaza asebusika athinta isikhathi sabo sezimbali kufanele zigwenywe.

Izinga lokushisa liyisici esibalulekile okufanele usicabangele. I-blueberry idinga inani elithile lamahora nokubanda. Kusuka kumadigri ayi-7 nangaphansi, isitshalo sihlala esimweni sokulala. Uhlobo ngalunye esilukhulayo lunezinga lokushisa elihlukile elizophuma ekulaleni. Ububanzi obulunge kakhulu bezinga lokushisa lokukhula okufanele futhi intuthuko iphakathi kuka-16 no-25 degrees. Ngaphezu kwama-degree angama-30 isitshalo siqala ukuhlushwa ukushisa okukhulu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphansi -5, aqala ukulimaza izithelo futhi isivuno singalahleka. Umswakama kuyinto okufanele uyikhumbule njengoba bedinga amanani aphakeme kakhulu omswakama. Lezi zimiso zomswakama zingatholakala ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Akufanele sididanise umswakama ophezulu nokugcwala kwamanzi. Ngokusebenza ngokungenzi lutho kufanele sizame ukugwema ukuthi ama-blueberries ethu agcine esemanzi futhi emanziswe umswakama owedlulele noma ukunisela.

Lapho sinisela kakhulu futhi umswakama uba yinkinga, uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo luqala ukuminyaniswa. Kwenzeka okufanayo lapho kunomswakama ophansi noma kunesomiso. Umswakama uyinkomba yokuthi i-substrate noma umhlaba lapho utshalwe khona kufanele uniselwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ibe nesakhiwo esilula, umthamo omuhle wamapayipi kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo.

Atshalwa kanjani ama-blueberries

Izici zenhlabathi

Ngaphezulu kwe-pH yenhlabathi engu-5, lesi sitshalo siqala ukukhombisa ukukhula okungekuhle kanye ne-chlorotic budding. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-pH kufanele igcinwe phakathi kuka-4,3 no-5.

Emhlabathini onamatshe amatshe, kuzofanele sisenqabe isivuno noma kuzofanele sithuthukiswe ukuze sibe ne-asidi enhle. Lesi simo senhlabathi ngaphambi kwezitshalo Kumele kwenziwe okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Phakathi kwamasu asetshenziswe kakhulu ekulimeni kwawo umnikelo wama-acid reaction fertilizer. Lezi kufanele zixutshwe emgqeni ongamasentimitha angu-20 ukujula ukuze ilingane kahle.

Uma sitshala ama-blueberries ezitsheni engadini yasemadolobheni noma ithala, ngeke sibe nenkinga yenhlabathi ngoba singasebenzisa i-substrate ekhethekile yezitshalo ze-acidophilic.

Ukulima kwangaphambilini

Mayelana nokulungiswa komhlaba, Kunconywa ngaphambi kokutshala ukwenza umsebenzi wokulima. Ukulima kufanele kufakwe ngaphansi uma kwenziwa ezingadini zasemadolobheni noma ezingadini. Kufanele usebenze kuze kufike kuhhafu wemitha ukufeza i-aeration yenhlabathi enhle nokwenyuka kwamanzi.

Uma sesiqedile ukulima, sizodlula kwi-rototiller ukususa umhlaba kahle. Ngalesi sikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukwenza umanyolo ongezansi lapho sizonikela khona ngezinto eziphilayo.

Uma singakhuli esitsheni noma esikhwameni esikhwamayo, ensimini noma engadini, kuyadingeka ukwenza izingqimba abazotshala kuzo. Lokhu kuthanda i-aeration kanye ne-drainage. Izici zincike enhlobonhlobo nasekwenzeni okulinywayo okusetshenzisiwe. Ukuze uqondise kahle, udinga ibanga le- cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-100 ububanzi namasentimitha angama-40 ukuphakama.

Ukunisela nokuhlanganisa

Ukunisela okufaneleke kakhulu kuma-blueberries yilokho okwenziwe kwasendaweni ngoba kuvumela amanzi ukuba acishe kalula. Kungatholakala uma sibeka umthumeli kunethiwekhi yokunisela ejova umkhiqizo o-asidi (kungaba i-nitric acid).

Ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukunisela kufanele kube kukhulu kakhulu ngezizathu ezithile. Enye yazo ingeyodwa inani elikhulile le-evapotranspiration. Okwesibili kungenxa yokuthi zikhona izigaba zokuqina nokuvuthwa kwesithelo futhi badinga amanzi amaningi.

Masiqhubekele ekuphepheni. Imulch iyadingeka, ikakhulukazi uma itshalwe engadini yezithelo yasemadolobheni, ensimini noma engadini. Ngenxa yokugwedla sizokwazi ukugcina umswakama womhlabathi ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokutshala. I-padding ingaba yinto ephilayo futhi yenziwe. Uma sikhetha ukulima okunemvelo nokonga imvelo ensimini yethu yensimu noma engadini, sincoma ukuthi sigcine imizila yokulima inezimila ukuvikela ukuguguleka komoya nemvula.

Ukutshala nokunakekela

Isikhathi esifanele sokutshala siphakathi kwekwindla sekwephuzile nasekuqaleni kobusika. Ngalesi sikhathi lesi sitshalo sisekuphumuleni okunemifino futhi kamuva sizoqhakaza lapho amazinga okushisa enyuka. Isithombo se-blueberry sifakwa emgodini esizowakha emaphethelweni. Sihlanganisa kancane umhlabathi bese senza i-padding. Kubalulekile ukuhlaziya ukuthi izimpande azihlali zingenalutho noma zingalimala kalula.

Kufanele sishiye phakathi kwesitshalo ngasinye cishe amamitha ama-3 wesikhala ngakho-ke abalweli ukudla.

AmaBlueberries adinga imisebenzi yokulungisa eyehliselwa ekutheneni. Zingaba zombili ukuqeqesha, ukutshala noma ukuvuselela amandla. Endabeni yokwakha izihlahla, kwenziwa ngemuva kokutshala. Ngale ndlela sisebenzisa isimo saso semifino futhi sizosusa amagatsha alimele nengxenye yokuqala yamanye. Okunye ukuthenwa kusebenza ukugcina ukwakheka okulinganiselayo, kushiya cishe amagatsha ayisishiyagalombili noma ayishumi ukugcina umkhiqizo uzinzile futhi kulula ukuwanakekela.

Izakhiwo zeblueberry

Ama-blueberries anezindawo zokwelapha ezithandeka kakhulu kulabo abadingayo. Banokuqukethwe okushukela okuphansi kakhulu kanye namanani aphezulu we-antioxidant kanye ne-flavonoid. Ama-Anthocyanins avelele. Zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo emgudwini wokuchama. Izakhi zazo zokulwa namagciwane zibenza balungele kakhulu ukutheleleka kwe-cystitis kanye nomchamo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba nengxenye yenkomishi yamajikijolo kungasebenza njenge ukuvimbela izifo ezinsweni nasezindleleni. Ukuze uthuthukise impilo yezinso, udinga nokudla okufanele futhi okunempilo.

Ama-Cranberries nama-blueberries

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-blueberries abomvu naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuya ngezingulube zezitshalo kanye nokuhlungwa kwazo. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zingezomndeni owodwa. Zinconywa kakhulu ngokuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi nokulwa nezifo ezifana ne-cystitis.

Inezakhiwo eziningi zezempilo:

• Ziyi-antioxidants kakhulu.
• Zithuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi zivimbela imithambo ye-varicose, isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, i-cholesterol, i-thrombi, njll.
• Zithuthukisa ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
• Avikela umzimba emkhuhlaneni nakwezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
• Banesenzo sokubulala amagciwane nesenzo sokulwa namagciwane, ikakhulukazi ekulweni nezifo zomchamo.
• Basiza ukuhlanza nokuqeda ukugcinwa koketshezi.
• Bathuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-collagen.
• Zithuthukisa ukumelana okuhlangene nemisipha.
• Basiza ukuthuthukisa umbono.
• Zivimbela izifo eziwohloza njengokuwohloka kwe-macular.
• Zithuthukisa ukuzala.
• Zivimbela futhi zilwe nokwakhiwa kwamatshe ezinso.
• Basiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zokuxineka.
• Banikeza cishe awekho amakhalori futhi basiza i-glucose ephansi.
• Basiza ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwamathumbu.

Ngalolu lwazi uzobe ukulungele ukutshala ama-blueberries akho futhi ukujabulele ngokugcwele.