Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamakhiwane namakhiwane?

Wake wazibuza ukuthi yini umehluko phakathi kwamakhiwane namakhiwane? Yize zombili zimnandi, futhi zikhiqizwa yizinhlobo ezifanayo zesihlahla (UFicus carica) kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izici zombili ukuze kungabikho ndawo yokungabaza lapho uzuza okuhlukile noma okunye.

Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukwazi impendulo yalo mbuzo ojwayelekile, khona-ke sizokutshela.

Imikhiwane yamabele, leyo eveza amakhiwane namakhiwane

Yilezo ezinesithelo esisodwa kepha lokho, ngokungafani ne-uniferous, lokhu kungahlukaniswa kabili: eyokuqala yayiqala ehlobo, bese kuthi eyesibili ibe sentwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amelana kakhulu namakhaza, okusho ukuthi izithelo eziphuma ngo-Okthoba (ezivela enyakatho Nenkabazwe) zingaphila ebusika.

Ayini amakhiwane?

Amakhiwane ayizithelo zamuva ezahluma ngonyaka owedlule nokuthi, ngokufika kokushisa kwentwasahlobo, zavuka zaqala ukukhula kwazo. wakhe, ngokuba nesikhathi esiningi sokukhula, inkulu futhi iyinyama, inesikhumba esincanyana futhi esinamahloni futhi esinobisi oluncane (nge-latex encane).

Zivunwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo.

Ayini amakhiwane?

Amakhiwane yizithelo "ezazalwa" ngawo lowo nyaka, kuzinhlobo zesifazane ezizimele ezivundile (ezinjengalezo ezivame ukutholakala emikhakheni ekhula cishe ngaphandle kokuthola noma yiluphi uhlobo lokunakekelwa). Amhlophe ngaphandle, anesikhumba esijiyile, kuthi lapho ephuka kuphume uketshezi olunobisi (latex). Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinamakha kakhulu kunamakhiwane.

Isikhathi sayo sokuvuna sisukela maphakathi no-sekwephuze ihlobo. Zikulungele ukudla okusha, ukwenza ujamu noma zome.

Uyini umehluko phakathi komkhiwane nomkhiwane?

Kokubili amakhiwane namakhiwane avela esihlahleni esisodwa, i umkhiwane o UFicus carica. Kepha iqiniso ukuthi empeleni laba bobabili bahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Kukhona labo abathanda amakhiwane kunamakhiwane, yize kumele kuthiwe womabili amnandi kakhulu ngenxa yokuqukethwe ushukela omningi. Kepha uyazi ukuthi amakhiwane awathathwa njengezithelo?

Futhi ukuthi, okokuqala, amakhiwane ayisithelo. Kepha amakhiwane, cha. Lezi zibhekwa njengezimbali eziguquliwe ku-pod. Okungukuthi, ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo, umkhiwane unezimbali ezifihlwe ngaphakathi kwaleyo pod. Manje, lokhu akusho ukuthi kunzima ukuyifaka impova, kunjalo. Kepha ungazithola futhi ngokumangala okungathandeki kokuthi kukhona umnyovu. Akujwayelekile, ngoba sidla amakhiwane esifazane, hhayi awesilisa, okuyiwo aheha lezi zinambuzane futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, lawo athengiswayo yilezo ezingakavulwa impova okwamanje, ngakho-ke azinayo imbewu ngaphakathi (noma amaqanda omnyovu) .

Omunye umehluko phakathi kwamakhiwane namakhiwane ukuvuna kwabo. Futhi yilokho, ngenkathi amakhiwane avela ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi; umkhiwane uvela njalo ngo-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba.

Lokhu kunencazelo, futhi lokho kungukuthi amakhiwane empeleni amakhiwane wesizini edlule. Ngoba aqala ukukhula lapho amakhaza enza ukuthi afanelekele ukuba khona, umkhiwane umisa ukukhula kwawo bese ungena ohlotsheni lokuvilaphaza. Lapho kuvela intwasahlobo nokushisa, kuvuselela ukukhula kwalawa makhiwane, kuphela awaseyona amakhiwane kodwa amakhiwane.

Ngenxa yaleli khefu, ubukhulu bamakhiwane bukhulu kakhulu, futhi bunombala onsomi. Azimnandi kangako futhi anama-calorie amancane kunamakhiwane.

Ekugcineni, omunye umehluko phakathi kwalokhu ukuthi amakhiwane onakala kalula futhi ngokushesha. Ababekezeleli amakhaza esiqandisini futhi futhi abanabo izinsuku eziningi ngoba babola ngokushesha. Kungakho kunconywa ukuthi kuthengwe kuphela lezo ezizodliwa.

Izinhlobo zamakhiwane

Okokuqala, kufanele wazi ukuthi zikhona izinhlobo ezizungeze ama-600 zemithi yamakhiwane ezahlukile ngesimo, izithelo, ubuningi, umbala, njll. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, uma kukhulunywa ngokwazi izinhlobo zamakhiwane, njengamakhiwane esizowabona ngezansi, sizothola izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene.

Kodwa-ke, ezingeni lokusetshenziswa nokumaketha, izinhlobo eziyishumi zisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa okusha, okuyi: 'San Antonio', 'Banane', 'Cuello Dama Blanco', Cuello Dama Negro ',' Tiberio ',' Tres Voltas L ' Noma yikuphi ',' Colar Elche ',' Brown Turkey ',' Blanca Bétera 'no' De Rey '. Vele kukhona ezinye, njenge 'Goina' ekhuliswa naseSpain.

Izinhlobo zomkhiwane

Endabeni yamakhiwane, ungathola okwamanje izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-750 zamakhiwane ahlukene, ngaphakathi kwazo kukhona okudliwayo nokunye okungadli. Manje, ukubabiza bonke kuzoba yisidina kakhulu, ngakho-ke singakutshela ngokuhlukaniswa kwabo, lapho sithola ukuthi izinhlobo zihanjiswa ngamaqembu amane amakhulu:

• Umkhiwane ovamile, ebizwa nangokuthi ukuphikelela. Ezinye zazo yi 'Kadota', 'Conadria', 'Mission', 'Celeste', 'Brown Turkey' noma 'Adriatic'.
• Imbuzi, umkhiwane ongadli.
• Umkhiwane iSmirna, ebizwa nangokuthi yiSmirna, okuvame kakhulu emhlabeni wonke.
• I-Fig San Pedro, aziwa ngomkhiwane ophakathi nendawo futhi okhipha amakhiwane. Ezinye izibonelo yi-'San Pedro ',' oweZizwe 'noma' iNkosi '.

Izici zamakhiwane namakhiwane

Ngaphandle kokuthi amakhiwane namakhiwane angukudla okugcwele ushukela omningi (ngakho-ke akunconyelwa abantu abanesifo sikashukela noma labo abanomkhuba wokuqongelela ushukela egazini), iqiniso ukuthi balayishwe ngezinto ezizuzisa kakhulu umzimba.

Eyokuqala ngokungangabazeki i- umnikelo wamandla abanawo, futhi ngukuthi labo shukela banika amandla.

Kepha, ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhiwane namakhiwane ane:

• Amavithamini A no-C. IVitamin C ingenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba, ngaleyo ndlela ikuvikele ezifweni, emkhuhlaneni, emikhuhlane, njll. Ngokwengxenye yayo, uvithamini A ugxile embonweni, ekukhiqizweni nasekuzivikelweni komzimba. Kuyanakekela ukuthi izitho ezifana nezinso, inhliziyo noma amaphaphu zisebenza kahle.
• Bane- okuqukethwe okukhulu kwe-calcium, i-magnesium, i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Konke lokhu kusiza ukukhula okufanele komzimba, okuzothola izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ukuze yonke into isebenze kahle.
• Bathuthukisa ukuhamba kwamathumbu, ngoba bayakwazi ukuyilawula ukuze kungabikho "ukuhlangana" kuyo.
• Behlisa i-cholesterol.
• Izakhiwo ze-antioxidants.
• Ukuzivikela kuyanda lomzimba.

Ayini amakhiwane?

Ngaphambi kokuthi sisho ama-cabrahigos ngendlela emfushane kakhulu. Kodwa kuyini lokhu kuhlukahluka kwamakhiwane? Nokho, ngesinye sezitshalo zakudala ezisalondoloziwe.

Ama-cabrahigos kukhona amakhiwane wesilisa akhiqiza izimbali zesilisa kuphela, igcwele impova. Inhloso yawo ukupholisa impova emithini yamakhiwane abesifazane ukuze kunikezwe isivuno samakhiwane (uma kungenjalo, awe angavuthwa).

Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zalomkhiwane, olunye lwazo lwaziwa kahle e-Andalusia, njenge-'Tocal ', kepha kukhona nezinye ezifana ne-'Abretoune', 'Amellal' noma 'Croisic'.

Kulemithi yamakhiwane kukhula izinhlobo ezintathu zezithelo (yize sikukhumbuza ukuthi azidli):

• Omama. Yibo labo abazalwa ngamagatsha wesizini edlule (okufana namakhiwane). Ngaphakathi kwalokhu ungathola izinsalela zesinambuzane ebesiphethe ukusifaka impova kuso.
• Ama-Prohigos. Akhiwa emagatsheni amasha.
• AmaMamela. Amakhiwane akhula ehlobo.

Uma kungadliwa, kungani zikhulile? Ama-cabrahigos anesizathu sokuba khona futhi lokho kungukuthi, ngaphakathi, kukhona umuvi, i- Bastophaga psenes, kudingekile kakhulu ukuze impova yemithi yamakhiwane nokuthi amakhiwane aqhubeke ekhona.

Ngabe kukucacela kahle ukuthi ayini amakhiwane namakhiwane? Futhi yini umehluko wabo? Yize zombili zimnandi kakhulu futhi zimnandi, kunabaningi abakhetha eyodwa noma enye, iyiphi oyithandayo?

Ngiyethemba manje usuyazi ukuthi imaphi amakhiwane nokuthi yimaphi amakhiwane.