La I-Tagetes elliptica Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-chincho noma i-suyku, isitshalo esidabuka esifundeni sase-Andes. Yize laziwa kancane emhlabeni wonke, lithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezakhamizi ezisogwini olusentshonalanga yezwekazi laseMelika. Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa njengesithako kuzindlela zokupheka ezijwayelekile ezivela e-Andes njengama-pachamancas.
I-chincho yaziwa nangokuthi isitshalo eselaphayo njengoba inezinye izingxenye ze-antioxidant, i-vitamin C kanye ne-flavonoids. Ukubukeka kwayo kudonsela ukunakekela engadini yezimbali zayo ezimibalabala eziphuzi. Ezinye izinhlobo zamaTagetes zisetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekwenziweni komhlaba.
Origen
Lesi isitshalo esinezindlela zokwelapha nezokupheka ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emazweni ase-Andes, ikakhulukazi ePeru. Yize kunjalo Eyaziwa ngamagama ajwayelekile we-culantrillo serrano, chincho, chinchu, sacha huacatay, maría sacha no-suyku.
Inikwe igama layo lesayensi kuJames Smith. Igama elithi Tagetes libhekisela kunkulunkulu wezinganekwane zase-Etruria ezihlanganiswa amaRoma abizwa ngokuthi amaTages. Yize unkulunkulu wayemncane futhi ezithobile, wafihla ukuhlakanipha okukhulu. Ngale ndlela USmith ukholelwa ukuthi yize lesi sitshalo silula ngokubukeka, sinezinzuzo eziningi.
Izici zesitshalo seTagetes elliptica
Isici somzimba se-chincho sinamagatsha nesiqu esiqondile esinamaqabunga e-pinnate, i-lanceolate ne imiphetho ehlanganisiwe yamapheshana okweqanda, yingakho igama layo line-epithet elliptical. Ihlukaniswa njengesitshalo se-herbaceous esimnandi kakhulu. Ekuqaleni zikala phakathi kuka-50 no-70 cm kepha zifinyelela kumamitha ama-2 ngaphandle kobunzima. Kunesitshalo esivela emndenini wakwaTagete esaziwa nge-huatacay, kepha amaqabunga awo ahlukile futhi anezimbali eziningi. Yize i-inflorescence ye-elliptical igcwele futhi izimbali ezinkulu nazo zibonakala ngokuba ezidliwayo futhi ezizuzisa kakhulu, futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu ku- intwasahlobo.
Ukulima nokunakekela
Ukuba isitshalo esidabuka e-Andes, iTagete elliptica ikhula kalula kumamitha angama-2700 ngaphezu kolwandle. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha inhlabathi ekhishwe kahle. Izala kahle kakhulu nangembewu, noma ngabe kunconywa ukuthi lapho isitshalo sincane futhi silinganisa ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-50 asivezi ngqo elangeni. Uma isidlula isigamu semitha, imisebe yelanga ayisiyona inkinga.
Uma uzotshalwa ekuqaleni ezimbizeni, kunconywa ukuthi uphinde utshale ngemuva kwamasonto amahlanu noma ayisishiyagalombili. Umhlaba noma inhlabathi lapho itshalwe khona ingaqukatha i-substrate yendawo yonke noma yiluphi uhlobo ngisho nezitshalo zasendlini. I-pH ingaba phakathi kuka-6 no-6,5. Izinga lokushisa elivame ukumelana nalezi zitshalo liphakathi kuka-8 kuya ku-10ºC ebusuku naphakathi kuka-22 no-26ºC emini.
Izifo
Yisitshalo esimelana kakhulu nesinconywa kakhulu njenge-ejenti yebhayoloji elwa nama-nematode. Amaqabunga awo awavami ukugula noma aphuzi. Lesi sitshalo siyabola ngemuva kokuqhakaza futhi sigcina isikhunta nezinambuzane njengezintuthwane.
Kodwa-ke, ayikhululekile ekuvezeni ezinye izifo ezinjengePythium, i-Alternaria neBotrytis. Phakathi kwezinambuzane kuyadingeka ukuzinakekela kusuka ku-spider ebomvu, i-thrips, i-whitefly, umvukuzi kanye nezibungu.
Ukusetshenziswa nezakhiwo
I-chincho isetshenziswa kakhulu ku-gastronomy yasePeru. Iphunga layo lesici luhlobo oluyigugu kakhulu njenge-huacatay. Ngayo ukunambitheka kwesici kunikezwa inyama enongwe lapho kamuva kubhakwa kuhhavini wamatshe. Ibuye isebenzise okwelapha okuthakazelisayo ngenxa yamafutha ayo abalulekile. Iyaziwa ngezindawo zayo zokulwa namagciwane, esebenza kahle kakhulu ekulweni namagciwane afana ne-Escherichia coli. I-antifungal, okungukuthi, ivimbela futhi iqede isikhunta. Abesifazane bayisebenzisela ukungahambi kahle esikhathini.
Njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, inkathi yaso ekhanga kakhulu iphakathi kwezinkathi zasentwasahlobo nezasehlobo. Lesi sitshalo ngokujwayelekile siyaziswa ezingadini zasemadolobheni ukugcina izinambuzane nezinambuzane zikude nezinye izitshalo engadini. Lokhu kuvumela ukunakekelwa okungcono kwezingadi nemikhiqizo eminingi ephilayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqhakaza kwawo isikhathi eside kukuvumela ukuba ujabulele indawo ehehayo.