Ukukhethwa kwamawolintshi okuhlobisa

Uma sikhuluma ngama-citrus, okungukuthi, i-orange, i-mandarin, ulamula nokunye, sivame ukubacabanga njengezihlahla zezithelo. Akukho okunye. Izitshalo ezikhiqiza izithelo ezifanele ukudliwa. Kepha ... kuthiwani uma ngikutshele ukuthi ngaphezu kwalokho bangasisiza ukukhulisa inani lokuhlobisa ingadi yethu noma kuvulandi?

Yebo kunjalo. Lezi zihlahla azikwazi ukuba sengadini yezithelo kuphela, kodwa futhi zingaba yingxenye yezindawo ebesingazibeki ngokujwayelekile kuzo. Futhi ngesampula, nayi inketho yama-citrus wokuhlobisa.

Yini i-citrus?

Okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi yini i-citrus. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi sazi izinhlobo eziningana, nokuthi sinezinye, kepha igama elithi »ezisawolintshi» alisetshenziswa kakhulu, kungenzeka singazi ukuthi lisho ukuthini. Yebo, manje yisikhathi sokuxazulula lo mbuzo.

Igama elithi "ezisawolintshi" lisho izihlahla nezithombo zohlobo lwe-botanical Citrus. Lezi zitshalo zihlala ziluhlaza (okungukuthi, zihlala ziluhlaza) ezifinyelela ubude obuphakathi kwamamitha ama-5 kuya kwayi-15. Kepha isici sayo esiphawuleka kakhulu ukuthi izithelo noma izithelo zawo zinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kukavithamini C kanye ne-citric acid, okuyikho okunikeza lokho kunambitheka okukhethekile kwe-asidi.

Futhi manje njengoba sikwazi lokhu, ake siqhubekele kulokho okungenzeka ukuthi kusithakazelisa kakhulu: amawolintshi okuhlobisa.

Uhlu lwengadi ye-Citrus

Isi-Mandarin

Isi-mandarin, esinegama lesayensi I-citrus reticulata, isihlahla esidabuka ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Asia ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungaba ngamamitha ayi-6-7.

Umqhele wayo uyindilinga, ujiyile impela, unamaqabunga ama-oval angaba ngu-7-8cm ubude. Izimbali zayo zincane kodwa zinephunga elimnandi kakhulu.

UNaranjo

Isihlahla samawolintshi, esinegama lesayensi yiCitrus x sinensis, isihlahla esidabuka eNdiya, ePakistan, eVietnam naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeChina. Kuyaziwa ngokuthi yi-naranjo, naranjero noma isihlahla esimnandi se-orange futhi ifinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayi-13, noma kulinywa akuvunyelwe ukuvama ukudlula u-5-6m.

Inenkomishi ye-pyramidal ejwayelekile noma, kuyaqabukela. Amaqabunga awo amile okweqanda futhi alinganisa u-7 kuya ku-10 cm. Izimbali zayo ezinhle ezimhlophe, ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-orange blossom, zinuka kamnandi kakhulu.

Umuthi omuncu wewolintshi

Umuthi wewolintshi obabayo, ogama lakhe ngokwesayensi ngu ICitrus x aurantium, isihlahla se-hybrid esiphakathi ICitrus maxima neCitrus reticulata lokho ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha angama-7 kuye kwangama-8. Kuyaziwa ngokuthi i-orange omuncu, i-orange enkulu, i-orange yase-Andalusi, i-orange yaseSeville, i-cashier orange ne-puppy orange.

Inomqhele ominyene kakhulu oyindilinga owakhiwe ngamaqabunga ayisiyingi 5 kuya ku-11cm ubude. Izimbali zimhlophe futhi zinephunga elimnandi kakhulu. Izithelo zayo, njengoba igama lazo elidumile lisho, azidli.

UPomelo

Amagilebhisi, ogama lakhe lesayensi ngu Icitrus x paradisi, isithelo somuthi se-hybrid yemvelo esikhiqizwe emasimini oLwandle lweCaribbean cishe ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa. Kuyaziwa ngokuthi i-pomelo, i-grapefruit, i-grapefruit noma i-grapefruit, futhi ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha angama-5 kuye kwangama-6.

Inomqhele oyindilinga futhi ongaqinile kakhulu owakhiwe ngamaqabunga alula futhi anamaqanda phakathi kuka-7 no-15 cm ubude. Izimbali zinephunga elimhlophe, limhlophe noma nsomi ngombala.

Isihlahla sikalamula

Isihlahla sikalamula, ogama lakhe ngokwesayensi I-Citrus x aurantifolia, isihlahla se-hybrid se I-Citrus micrantha x I-Citrus medica kwavela eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia lokho ifinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayi-6.

Ukubukeka kwaso kusikhumbuza kakhulu isihlahla esiwolintshi: umqhele oyindilinga noma wephiramidi, amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, nokuma kwesithelo, kepha iqiniso ukuthi ukufana kwazo kugcina lapho. Izithelo zesihlahla se-lime zingavela kokuluhlaza okwephuzi futhi zibe ne-esidi eningi ngokuya ngomhlwanyelo.

Isihlahla selamula

Isihlahla kalamula, ogama laso ngokwesayensi Icitrus x limon Kungumuthi odabuka e-Assam, isifunda esiseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-India, enyakatho yeBurma naseChina. Kuyaziwa ngokuthi isihlahla selamula noma isihlahla selamula. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-4-5.

Inomqhele oyindilinga ongasetshenziswa ngisho nokuphazanyiswa ngokuthena. Amaqabunga alula futhi alinganiselwa ku-5-10cm. Ikhiqiza izimbali ezimhlophe kodwa ezinamakha amancane nezithelo okuthi, noma zingenakudliwa ngqo, zilusizo ekwenzeni izitsha zibe mnandi.

Yini abakudingayo?

Uzithandile lezi zithelo ezisawolintshi? Impela wawukade uzibone ezindaweni zokugcina izingane kodwa awuzithenganga ngoba ubucabanga ukuthi zingaba sengadini yezithelo kuphela, kepha manje njengoba usuyazi ukuthi nazo ziyizitshalo zokuhlobisa kakhulu, uma ufuna ukuthola isampuli eyodwa - noma eziningana sincoma ukuhlinzeka ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• Indawo: ngaphandle, elangeni eligcwele.
• Umhlaba:
  • Ibhodwe: kufanele libe yisiko elingaphansi lesiko elihlanganiswe ne-30% perlite. Kunconywa kakhulu ukubeka ungqimba wokuqala wobumba noma ubumba lwentaba-mlilo ukuze amanzi aphelele.
  • Ingadi: zikhula enhlabathini ene-asidi, evulekile. Ku-limestone, kuzodingeka ukutholakala njalo (njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15 noma ezingama-20) ze-iron sulfate.
• Ukunisela: njalo, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ngokuvamile, izoniselwa izikhathi eziyi-3-4 ngenkathi eshisa kakhulu futhi njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5-6 unyaka wonke. Sebenzisa amanzi ngaphandle kukalamula noma cha kanzima kakhulu.
• Umbhalisile: kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla yokuqala kufanele ikhokhwe ngomquba ophilayo, ube yimpuphu uma itshalwe emhlabathini noma uketshezi uma ifakwa ebhodweni. I- isitibhili Kuyindlela enhle kakhulu ngoba icebile ngezakhamzimba ezibalulekile zokukhula nezimbali, njenge-phosphorus.
• Izihlahla: ekupheleni kobusika amagatsha owomile, angagula noma abuthakathaka angasuswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezo ezikhule ngokweqile zinganqunywa, zinikeze isihlahla ukubukeka "kwasendle".
• Isikhathi sokutshala noma sokutshala kabusha: entwasahlobo, lapho ingozi yeqhwa idlulile. Uma ifakwa ebhodweni, kufanele itshalwe njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3.
• Isibindi: Kuzoya ngohlobo, kepha kukonke kusekela amakhaza namakhaza kuze kufike ku -4 -C.

Futhi ngalokhu senziwe. Ubucabangani ngalesi sihloko? Ngiyethemba impela ukuthi isebenza ngendlela yokuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi uma sibona lezi zihlahla ezinhle ezingadini, kuvulandi noma emabhalkhoni, futhi nasezingadini. Zinhle kakhulu futhi kulula ukuzinakekela: ngolwazi engikunikeze lona, ​​uzokwazi ukuzijabulela kusukela ngosuku lokuqala, ngiyakuqinisekisa.