Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezolimo kukhona, umkhakha wezolimo waseSpain uya ngokuya uqamba igama elithi ezolimo ze-biodynamic. Luhlobo lwesimo esibangelwa ikakhulu indlela abalimi nabalimi abazithola ngayo izindlela ezintsha zokukhiqiza. Kulokhu, ezolimo eziguquguqukayo ziye zavela ngenxa yesidingo sokwanelisa isidingo sohlobo oluthile lomkhiqizo. Njengoba abathengi bemikhiqizo ye-biodynamic befuna izinyathelo ezithile eziqinisekisa ukulawulwa nempilo yokudla, ezolimo ze-biodynamic kumele zibe nokulawula okuphindwe kabili nokuqinisekiswa komkhiqizo ophilayo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nezolimo ze-biodynamic, izici zayo nokwehluka kwezinye izinhlobo zezolimo.
Kuyini ezolimo ze-biodynamic
Uma sikhuluma ngalolu hlobo lwezolimo kumele sazi ukuthi luyisibonelo esinezimpawu namasu alo. Kuyenzeka okufanayo nge-permaculture, ezolimo ezivuselela noma ezinye izinhlobo zezolimo. Inhloso ukukwazi ukuqinisekisa amazinga athile wokukhiqiza aqinisekisa impilo nokuvikelwa kokudla ekusetshenzisweni kwakho.
Kuyindlela yokulima ngokwemvelo okususelwa kumibono ethile kaRudolf Steiner. Igama elithi biodynamic lizalwe ngabantu abathile abebehambele izingqungquthela zalo msunguli we-anthroposophy futhi baqala ukusebenzisa konke okuqukethwe abanikwe kona. Imayelana nokwengeza olwazini ukuthi kukhona ngezolimo imibono ethile engokomoya yemvelo. Lolu hlobo lwezolimo lwenziwa emazweni angaphezu kwama-50 ahlukene emhlabeni wonke.
Njengoba kungathathwa egameni elithi biodynamic libhekisa emandleni okuphila. Lokho wukuthi, inhloso yalolu hlobo lwezolimo ukuhlonipha imigomo ethile ekukhiqizeni izitshalo eziqinisekisa impilo yomhlaba nezitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele uqinisekise ukondleka okufanele kwezilwane nabantu. Ezinye izinhlelo zokukhiqiza izitshalo ezinjengezolimo ezinamandla zidala imithelela ethile emibi ohlelweni lwezemvelo. Futhi ukuthi amanzi nenhlabathi kungcoliswe ukusetshenziswa okweqile kwezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nomanyolo. Ngakho-ke, Ezolimo zeBiodynamic zifuna ukuhlonipha isigqi semvelo ukuze imvelo ingonakali.
Ngokusho kukaSteiner kuyindlela yolwazi engathanda ukuhola okomoya kumuntu kokukamoya endaweni yonke.
Izici eziyinhloko
Indlela yezolimo ye-biodynamic ifuna izimpendulo ezimfihlakalo ezahlukene zokuphila kusuka ebudlelwaneni nemvelo kanye nomuntu. Okungukuthi, Igatsha lezolimo elinendlela ephelele njengoba lisebenzisa amagama avela ku-anthroposophy. Lolu hlobo lwezolimo olusebenza ngamandla amakhulu okubona imigomo eyisisekelo imvelo enayo futhi ekhona kumuntu. Okudingayo ibhalansi phakathi kokukhiqiza nokwelashwa. Kungabhekwa njengendlela yolwazi oluvulekile kunesethi yezindlela namasu akha uhlobo lwezolimo.
Ukuze uqonde lolu hlobo lwezolimo kufanele uqonde impilo yezitshalo. Akwanele ukuqonda ukuthi izitshalo izidalwa ezivulekile futhi zakhiwa ngamathonya aqhamuka ekujuleni komhlaba aze afike ekuphakameni kwamazulu. Kodwa futhi Ziyathinteka ekukhanyeni kwelanga, inyanga, ukuba khona kwamaplanethi nezinkanyezi ukuze kuzuzwe amazinga avamile okukhiqiza.
Ukuqonda isigqi sesitshalo ngasinye singazi isikhathi esiqondile sokukwazi ukulungisa umhlaba, ukutshala nokutshala ukuze sikwazi ukuvuna kangcono. Ngale ndlela, ikhalenda le-biodynamic lasungulwa. Ezolimo zeBiodynamic zisebenzisa amanye amalungiselelo ukukwazi ukukhulisa izitshalo nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yomquba.
Isibonelo, umanyolo wokwenziwa nokuba khona kwama-fungicides okwenziwa kanye nama-insecticide akunakusetshenziswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi luhlobo lokulima ngokwemvelo. Ukuxhashazwa kwalezi zindawo kubalimi be-biodynamic inani lezinto eziphilayo ezingakwazi ukondla impilo yezinto ezincikene. Kumele kugcizelelwe ukuthi enye yezimpawu zezolimo ze-biodynamic ukuthi ihlanganisa zonke izitshalo kanye nemfuyo, ukuvuselelwa kwezakhi zomzimba, ukugcinwa kwenhlabathi kanye nempilo nenhlalakahle yezitshalo nezilwane. Lokho wukuthi, kungashiwo ukuthi ifuna ukuzwana phakathi kwazo zonke lezi zinto zemvelo.
Umehluko phakathi kokulima okuphilayo kanye nokulima kwe-biodynamic
Njengoba ukulima nge-biodynamic kuyinhlobo yokulima okuphilayo, kuvame ukudideka. Ukulima ngokwemvelo kunamaphuzu amaningi afana nawo. Inhloso yakho kokubili ukugwema ukuxhashazwa okukhulu kwenhlabathi nokungcoliswa kwayo. Okufanayo kuya emanzini. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa komanyolo wokwenziwa noma izibulala-zinambuzane akuvunyelwe. Ukwenza umquba wokufakelwa, ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo, noma ukulawula ukhula ngomshini nakho akuvunyelwe.
Kungashiwo ukuthi ezolimo ze-biodynamic zikhawulela kakhulu kunezinto eziphilayo. Lapha sibona ezinye izici ezolimo ezingazivumeli:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwesembozo sepulasitiki kuncane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokulima okuphilayo.
- Imikhiqizo eminingi egunyaziwe ngokulima ngokwemvelo ayivunyelwe.
- Kokubili ukuhlukahluka kwezitshalo nezilwane kumele kuhlalisane emapulazini. Lokhu kuvumela indawo enhle emvelweni futhi kuqondiswe kangcono ekuzwaneni okufunwayo.
- Kukhona lokho lawula kahle amanani omquba nomquba osetshenzisiwe.
Akunakushiwo ngempela ukuthi kukhona umehluko obonakalayo phakathi kokulima kwe-biodynamic organic. Ukulima kwe-biodynamic kuphela kunamazinga athile afakwa kulawo we-organic, okuvame ukuhambisana kakhulu.
Kunezimpikiswano eziningana ezikhomba umehluko phakathi kwesayensi kanye nezolimo ze-biodynamic. Ezolimo kuphela ezizama ukulandela ezinye izici mbumbulu zesayensi yokulima okuphilayo.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezolimo ze-biodynamic.