I-Fennel, eyingxenye yomndeni wezitshalo i-Umbelifereae noma i-Apiaceae (kanye ne-coriander, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, i-dill ne-parsley) futhi ivela eMedithera.
Lesi sitshalo sigqama ikakhulukazi ngoba amaqabunga ayo nembewu yawo anephunga elimnandi, ngaphezu kombala ophuzi ohlukile wezimbali zawo.
Izici
Lesi sitshalo sisatshalaliswa umhlaba wonke ezindaweni ezifudumele, kusukela kuboniswa ngokuba imbiza engapheli Phambilini yayisetshenziselwa izinhloso zokwelapha, yize iziqu namaqabunga asetshenziswa ku-gastronomy.
Fennel, ebizwa nangokuthi "utshani obungcwele"Yisitshalo esidla ubhedu, isici saso esiyinhloko ngokuvamile ubukhulu baso, futhi sinamandla okuphila iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivelela ngokuba ngumuthi onamakha otshalwa kakhulu ngenhloso yokuwusebenzisa emakhishini kanye / noma ukusizakala ngezinto zawo zokwelapha ezinhle. Futhi yize kuyisitshalo esibulala ukhula kuvame ukuba sincane njengoba sishilo, i-fennel iyakwazi ukukhula kakhulu futhi ifinyelele ukuphakama cishe kwamamitha amabili.
Ngokunjalo futhi ngaphakathi kwezici ze-fennel zezitshalo kukhona okulandelayo:
- Ineziqu eziningana eziqondile eziqhuma empandeni futhi zingakhula zibe ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili ubude.
- Amaqabunga ayo aluhlaza ngokukhanyayo azacile, made futhi anomumo wenaliti.
- Inamaqoqo ahlukahlukene wezimbali ze-axillary, ezinezimbali ezingaba ngu-30-40 zethoni eliphuzi elikhanyayo, ezikhiqiza i-inflorescence.
- Banikela ngezithelo ezincane nezindilinga, ezinemigqa emincane ebazungezile.
Amasiko
Indlela ejwayelekile yokutshala i-fennel ukukwenza ngembewu yalesi sitshalo. Ngalokho, kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo engadini evumela ukuthi uziveze ngqo elangeni futhi zikhule emhlabeni onohlelo olwanele lwamanzi.
Isitshalo esingenziwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga ngokuhlwanyela ngqo, ngakho-ke ngeke kudingeke ukusebenzisa umbhede wembewu, ngaphandle kokuthi kungenzeka ngokulinganayo ukukwenza embhedeni wembewu lapho ufuna ukwazi ukulawula isivuno ngesikhathi saso sokuqala, ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa ezindaweni eziletha amakhaza sekwephuzile, ngoba ukuhlwanyela kuzokwenziwa ekugcineni kobusika nokuqala kwentwasahlobo, kanye isithwathwa sokugcina endaweni sesiphelile.
La ukuhlwanyela kanye / noma ukufakelwa ibanga kufanele kube cishe ngama-30 cm phakathi kwesitshalo ngasinye futhi cishe ngama-90 cm phakathi kolayini ngamunye, ukubeka imbewu ekujuleni okungenani okungu-4-5 mm.
Ngaphandle kokuthi lesi sitshalo sinamandla okujwayela cishe zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi, kungakuhle ukuthi umhlaba lapho kuzolinywa khona lapho kufanele kulinywe khona futhi ube okuqukethwe okunomsoco ophezulu, ngoba ngale ndlela ungathola amahlamvu agqama ngokuba mnandi futhi abe nethenda.
Izinsuku ezingama-30 futhi ngemuva kokuhlwanyela kuzokwazi ukufakelwa isitshalo endaweni yokugcina lapho sizokhula khona. Kufanele ugcine engqondweni ukuthi ntambama ngaphambi kosuku lokufakelwa kabusha kuyodingeka ukunisela indawo futhi ufake umquba omncane ukuze uwenze uthambe futhi uthokozele.
Izithombo kufanele zisuswe ngokucophelela zizama ukungalimazi izimpande neziqu kakhulu, lapho-ke kufanele uwafake emigodini bese uzimboza ngomhlabathi, unakekele ngokukhethekile ukuze uwunisele kancane, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga elingu-25-35 cm phakathi kwesitshalo ngasinye.
Umsebenzi wokumboza ipeni kufanele wenziwe okungenani amasonto amathathu noma amane ngemuva kokwenza ukufakelwa.
Kuyindaba yokwengeza inhlabathi kancane kancane ngesisekelo seziqu ukuze kuthuthukiswe intuthuko yabo efanele futhi kutholakale amahlamvu ethenda ethe xaxa. Uma uqeda ukukwenza, kufanele uniselwe ngokucophelela.
Kubalulekile ukuthi lapho kukhula fennel isitshalo sinendawo eyanele ukuze sikhule kahle, yingakho kufanele inikezwe ithuba lokukhula enhlabathini ejulile lapho umhlaba womile futhi kunamapayipi anele.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izinto eziphilayo ezisezingeni eliphakeme kumele zinikelwe emhlabathini engeza umquba omncane ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo.
Lesi sitshalo ngokuvamile sidinga ukuvezwa ngqo emisebeni yelanga ukuze sikwazi ukukhula sibe sesimweni esifanele, ukuze kuthi lapho sisifaka kwenye indawo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inokungena okuhle kokukhanya.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili nohhafu zokuhlwanyela le fennel, kuzokwenzeka ukuqala ukuvuna amaqabunga ayo. Kulokhu kufanele usebenzise isikele esihlanzekile esikuvumela ukuthi usike isiqu esisekelweni saso, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngoba izophinde ikhule.
Lapho lesi sitshalo sikhulile ukuze sisebenzise i-bulb yaso, kulula kakhulu ukusika iziqu ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ukuthuthukiswa kwesibani kulungiselelwe. Ngale ndlela futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu nohhafu kuzokwenzeka ukuqala ukuvuna isibani.
Izinhlobonhlobo
- UFlorence fennel: Ngokulinganayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-sweet fennel, Inezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesizini yasentwasahlobo etshalwe ikakhulu eningizimu yeYurophu.
- UCarmo: Inebhalbhu eqinile, eyindilinga, emhlophe nebushelelezi.
- Argo: Unguhlobo olusheshe lwaqala, isibani salo simhlophe, sijiyile, simnyama futhi siyindilinga.
- Genius: Inebhalbhu eliqinile neliyindilinga, ngobukhulu obumaphakathi
- I-Pollux: Inebhalbhu eyindilinga evame ukuba nkulu.
Ukunakekelwa
Akucebisi ukutshala i-fennel enhlabathini ene-asidi ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, ngoba ayikubekezeleli; kungcono ukukhetha indlela ye- inhlabathi equkethe amanani amaningi kasawoti wamaminerali, umquba kanye ne-humus.
Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kufanele ivezwe ngqo elangeni usuku lonke, ngoba ithanda ukukhanya futhi ayikho ingozi yokuchayeka ngokweqile.
Imelana ngokuphelele nazo zonke izinhlobo zamazinga okushisa; kodwa-ke futhi into elula kunazo zonke ukuthi aziphansi kakhulu ngoba zingathinta ukukhula kwazo. Yisitshalo esidinga ukuchelelwa okungaguquki nokuchichimayo.
Fennel ayikubekezeleli ukucindezeleka kwamanzi kahleNgakho-ke, njengoba ingatholi ukuchelela okwanele, ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi isibani nengxenye yomoya ikhule kahle. Kungenzeka uqoqe amahlumela ngqo ukuze uwasebenzise lapho emakhulu kuno-10cm ububanzi.
Izinhlupho nezifo
Lesi sitshalo ngokuvamile sinokumelana okukhulu nazo zombili izinambuzane nezifo, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi zivele ngenxa yesifo esidalwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele, ikakhulu okugqamisa izinambuzane ezenziwa yizikelemu ezimpunga, ama-aphid noma izifo ezifana neBotrytis.