Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lwefungus olwaziwa njengoludala kunazo zonke ezisetshenziswe ngabantu. Imayelana ne- Fly agaric. Yisikhunta esisakazeke emhlabeni wonke futhi esivame ukukhula ezinyaweni zezihlahla ezinjenge-birch, i-oki, i-beech ne-fir. Bayakwazi ukukhula ngobuningi njengoba behlala ngokubambisana nezimpande zalezi zihlahla. Lobu budlelwano obukhona phakathi kwalezi zidalwa eziphilayo yisizathu sokuthi i-Amanita muscaria ingakakhuli ngenhloso.
Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma nawe ngazo zonke izici, izakhiwo nezimfihlo ze- Fly agaric.
Izici eziyinhloko
Izinhlobonhlobo ezikhula eYurophu, e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika zinesigqoko esibomvu esibukekayo futhi zimbozwe amachashazi amhlophe. Yikhowe elijwayelekile elisetshenziswa emakhathuni ukusho amakhowe anobuthi. Uma singaya kulezo zinhlobonhlobo zaleli khowe elikhula eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, siyabona ukuthi linesigqoko esiwolintshi noma esiphuzi nokuthi sihlotshiswe ngamachashazi aphuzi.
Inesigqoko esikhulu ngokwanele esihluka phakathi kwamasentimitha ayishumi kuya kwangu-10 ububanzi. Njengoba zikhula, ziguquka zisuke esimweni se-globose esengeziwe ziye esimweni se-convex. Lapho sezithuthuke ngokuphelele ziyisicaba ngokuphelele. Izinhlobo eziningi zesigaba sama-amanita ashiya ngale ndlela. I-cuticle yesigqoko iyatholakala futhi ibomvu ngokubomvu ngombala. Ukuze ama-specimens asevele athuthuke ngokugcwele angadonsela kumbala we-orange. Kulesi sigqoko sithola ukuboshwa okuningi okumhlophe kweveyili lendawo yonke. Zivame ukuba nokuthungwa kwekotoni futhi zihlelwe ngemibuthano egxilile. Umbala wayo umhlophe, yize uphenduka uphuzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Unamakhasi amhlophe, abanzi anomphetho womhlambi. Ama-lamellae afakiwe. Ngokuqondene nonyawo, inesimo esiyindilinga futhi sitholakala kalula esigqokweni. Inendandatho futhi inamandla. Umbala wayo umhlophe futhi uguquka uphuzi njengoba ukhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ubukhulu bonyawo buhluka phakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-12 kuye kwangama-20 ukuphakama naphakathi kuka-1 no-3 cm ububanzi.
Inenyama emhlophe lapho isikwe futhi iwolintshi ngaphansi kwe-cuticle. Yinyama ejiyile, ethambile engenakho ukunambitheka noma iphunga elithandekayo.
Imvelo nendawo okusatshalaliswa kuyo Fly agaric
Kuyinhlobo ejwayelekile futhi eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inendawo ebanzi yokwabiwa. Avame ukutholakala fkwakha i-mycorrhizae kuma-conifers ngisho nasemahlathini ahlabayo anenhlabathi ene-asidi. Imvamisa ikhula kusuka ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile.
Sikhuluma ngohlobo olungakulungele ukudliwa ngabantu. Kuyikhowe elinoshevu. Iqukethe izinhlanganisela eziningana eziyingozi ezingadala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwamathumbu.
Zikhula ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinjenge-birch, i-oki, i-beech ne-fir sibonga ubudlelwano be-symbiotic. Noma kunezinkomba ezithile zokusetshenziswa kwayo, akufanele neze idliwe ngoba inobuthi. Inemiphumela ehlukahlukene ye-hallucinogenic eguquguqukayo ngokuya ngezwe nokuhlukahluka esikudlile. Esinye sezimpawu ezaziwa kakhulu ukuhlanza okukhulu nohudo.
Ihlala idliwa eSiberia abelusi abayisebenzisela ukuzivikela emakhazeni. Abazange baludle ngqo, kepha babekweleta uketshezi oluphekwe lawa makhowe. Lokhu noma lokho okwakubangelwe kwaba nomphumela ojabulisayo. Ukuze ubadle, baqale basusa i-cuticle. Lolu ketshezi alulahlekelwanga yimpahla yalo lapho kudlula uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, ngakho-ke lwaxoshwa ngomchamo base bedakwa futhi.
Imiphumela emibi ye Fly agaric
Leli khowe lifana nohlobo lokhiye emhlabeni wokuquleka. Lokho wukuthi, ngokuba nemiphumela ye-hallucinogenic, kusivumela ukuthi siye kulawo mazwe amafantasy esiwakhayo ezingqondweni zethu. Akukhiqizi imiphumela efanayo kumuntu ngamunye. Umthamo yinto yokuqala ethonya uma kukhulunywa ngokwenza imiphumela ehlukahlukene. Kumele futhi sinake umongo lapho sifaka khona leli khowe nokuzwela komuntu ngamunye.
Lapho umuntu ebuza ngefungus Fly agaric uqala ukuzwa umuzwa wokudakwa. Le mizwa ikwenza uzizwe ujabule kakhulu futhi uzizwe unamandla aphelele omzimba. Ngokusobala, lowo muzwa umane ungumbombayi. Noma ucabanga ukuthi unamandla angadluli omzimba, kusafana noma kubi kakhulu. Kuyinto efanayo nokwenzeka ngotshwala. Le miphumela ingahambisana nesiyezi kanye ne-vertigo kwazise ubukhulu bendawo buhlanekezelwe futhi buveza ushintsho ekubonakaleni kwemvelo.
Imvamisa, wonke umuntu oyisebenzisayo uvame ukubona ukuthi izinto ziba nkulu noma zincane kanjani. Izibalo ze-kaleidoscopic ezikhanyayo nezinemibala nazo ziyavela lapho zivala amehlo azo. Wonke umuntu oseduze unemibala egqamile futhi ogcwele impilo. Ngalesi sizathu, yaziwa njengomhlaba wamaphupho. Kunabantu abathile abanqotshwa ukozela okukhulu okungavumela indawo yokuba nombono ojulile. Uma ngabe Fly agaric ngemithamo emikhulu ingabonakalisa isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuqhuma kwemisipha, isifo sohudo, ukukhohlisa ngisho nokuquleka.
Ungazilungiselela kanjani futhi uzidle kanjani Fly agaric
Ukuze sidle leli khowe elinobuthi, kufanele sigweme ukulidla lihle nganoma iyiphi indlela. Kungcono ukuvumela izigqoko zome, okuyilapho ukutholakala okuphezulu kakhulu kwama-alkaloid akhiqiza imiphumela emibi kutholakala khona. Umthamo ofanele kubantu abaningi uphakathi kwama-3 no-5 amagremu anemiphumela emibi. Inani lamagremu ayi-13 akufanele leqiwe ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo.
Ukuze uzilungiselele kufanele uzigaye kumshini wokugaya ikhofi lapho amakhowe esevele omile. Akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa ngeso lenyama noma ngabe ezinye izinhlobo ze- Fly agaric zithambile kunezinye. Imiphumela ihlala phakathi kwamahora ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ngokuya ngomthamo.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge Fly agaric.