El UHelleborus fetidus kuyisitshalo esinephunga elingathandeki elingelomndeni I-Ranunculaeae, waziwa ngo i-fetid hellebore noma utshani obunqamulelayo. Le hellebore ibizwa ngegama layo lokuthi amaqabunga ayo akhipha iphunga elingathandeki. Ngaphandle kobuthi bazo, lezi zitshalo zaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ngenxa yemithi yazo.
Umsuka nendawo yokuhlala
Lolu hlobo luvela ezifundeni ezisenkabeni naseningizimu yeYurophu, kungabonakala kusuka eGreat Britain kuya eGrisi kanye nengxenye ye-Asia Minor. Itholakala kuyo yonke iNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia. Ikhula endle emaphethelweni amahlathi, ezindaweni eziminyene nasemadwaleni kuze kufike phezulu cishe emamitheni ayi-1000 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Ezingadini kuyisitshalo esibekezelelayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo ezikhonaNoma kunjalo, kuthatha isikhathi ukuxazulula. Lapho lesi sitshalo sesimile ngokwanele, amahlamvu aso angavamile ukujatshulelwa.
Izici zika UHelleborus fetidus
El UHelleborus fetidus Kuyisitshalo se-herbaceous esinamahlamvu ahlala eluhlaza, ukuphakama kwaso kungafinyelela ku-80 ngobubanzi obulinganiselwa kumitha elilodwa. Kusuka ku- isiqu esimnandi, esinenkuni phansi, kukhasa bese kumile.
Njengoba inamaqabunga amahle, lolu hlobo lunokutholakala kwamaqabunga alo amelana nawo ihlukaniswe ngamapheshana ahlelwe ngokungajwayelekile, emincane, i-lanceolate ne-serrated. Izingxenye ze-herbaceous zalesi sitshalo zivame ukomiswa minyaka yonke futhi kuphela izingxenye zaso ezinomuthi zihlala ziphila futhi kwesinye isikhathi namaqabunga aso.Kuyizinhlobo zokuhlobisa zokuhlobisa, ngenxa yamahlamvu aso amnandi nezimbali ezihehayo.
Ngokuvamile iqhakaza kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Ephreli, ngakho-ke akuyona into engavamile ukuyibona imbozwe yiqhwa. Ngokuvamile, izimbali eziwayo zinomumo wendebe kanti ama-florets avela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma phakathi nobusika, izimbali zazo zinombala ophuzi. Izimbali zaso ziba nama-sepals ayisihlanu anama-marin ansomi.Lezi zinama-stamen amaningi kanye nezindlala ezikhiqiza uju ezifika kweziyishumi ezenza zithambekele ezinyosini nakwabanye abagxeki.
Isimbali saso ngasinye sinamandla okukhiqiza afika ezinhlanu zezinhlayiya. Izithelo zayo zifana nezidumba zikaphizi. Izithelo zaso eziluhlaza zinwetshiwe futhi ngaphakathi kuzo ziqukethe imbewu eningi ekhishwa lapho ivulwa. Imbewu yayo iheha kakhulu izintuthwane, nazo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlakazeka UHelleborus. Ngamafuphi, yisitshalo esivelela ubukhulu baso namaqabunga asabekayo nezimbali.
Ukulima nokunakekela
I-herbaceous evame ukutshalwa ezingadini ngamahlamvu ayo amahle ahlala eluhlaza kanye nenqwaba yezimbali ezimise okwensimbi ezihlala ngisho nasebusika. Lesi yisitshalo esikhula emahlathini avundile futhi anomswakamaUncamela ukukhishwa kahle, inhlabathi ye-calcic, ecebile ngezinto eziphilayo futhi etholakala emthunzini. Kuyinhlobo ebekezelela izikhathi zesomiso futhi futhi ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphansi kuze kufike ku- -25 ° C.
Ukusabalala kwe- UHelleborus fetidus Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukusika okuyisisekelo kwezithombo noma futhi nembewu encane, evundile yokwanda kohlobo, uma izimo zifanele. Inqubo yokuhlukanisa ayisebenzi kulesi sitshalo. I IHelleborus icishe ibe melliferous futhi umpe ufiseleka kuphela uma kutholakala izinyosi.
Ngokulinywa kwayo kunconywa ukuthi kuhlwanyelwe imbewu yayo lapho sekuvuthiwe endaweni ebandayo. Tshala imbewu ekuqaleni konyaka, lezi zivame ukuhluma ngesikhathi sokuwa kuze kufike intwasahlobo. Noma kunjalo, ukuhluma kungathatha cishe izinyanga eziyi-18, ngakho-ke udinga ukuba nokubekezela okuncane. Izimbali zakhona zingajatshulelwa kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2 noma emithathu, kubalwa kusukela ekutshalweni kwembewu.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo zohlobo, mhlawumbe yiyona ebekezelela kangcono izimo zokuchayeka elangeni kanye nesomiso eside. Abantu abagxile ezingadini bavame ukutshalwa ngqo. Ukuvulwa noma ukwehla kwamandla emzimbeni kwenzeka ekugcineni okuphezulu kwama-follicles. Imbewu iqukethe izinto ezinomsoco we-glucose, i-fructose, amafutha namavithamini C, okuwumthombo obalulekile wezakhi zezintuthwane.
Izifo nezinambuzane
El UHelleborus fetidus futhi njengezitshalo eziningi zohlobo lwayo, ziyamelana nezifo nezinambuzane. Noma kunjalo, eminyakeni yamuva sekuvele isifo segciwane esihlasela uhlobo lohlobo IHelleborus, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Black Death of Helleborus. Ezinye zezimpawu zalesi sifo esingajwayelekile ukubambezeleka kokukhula nokuvela kwamabala amnyama emaqabungeni.
Lesi sitshalo sithambekele ekuhlaselweni yisikhunta ngoba lolu hlobo luthanda izindawo ezinomswakama nezinomthunzi lapho ukujikeleza komoya kunqunyelwe impela. Izifo zefungal ezivame kakhulu yilezi indawo yeqabunga nesikhunta. I-Mildew ngesinye isifo sefungal noma isikhunta esisakazeka ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zesitshalo.
Izimpawu zawo ukumbozwa okumhlophe okwempuphu okwakhiwa ngeziqu, emaqabungeni nasezimbali, kuguqule kube phuzi emagqabini njengoba lesi sifo siba sibi. Kepha akuzona zonke izindaba ezimbi, kukhona amakhambi emvelo okufanele aqedwe ikhowe.
Maqondana nezifo zefungal, lezi kunzima ukuzelapha, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthatha zonke izindlela zokuvikela ukulawula ukubukeka kwayo. Enye yalezo zinyathelo ukuzama ukunisela kancane ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uzilinganisele ekuniseleni indawo yezimpande kuphela, ugweme ukufafaza amaqabunga ayo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina izitshalo zihlukanisiwe, ukwenza ngcono ukujikeleza komoya. Izimo eziminyene, ezimnyama nezinomswakama zithanda ukuvela kwezifo zefungal. Ngokunjalo nendawo kumele igcinwe ingenayo imfucumfucu. Isikhunta esivikela singasebenza, inqobo nje uma zisetshenziswa kusenesikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesitshalo ukugwema ukubonakala okungenzeka kwezifo ezibangelwa isikhunta.
Sebenzisa
Izingxenye ezahlukahlukene ze- UHelleborus fetidus anobuthi kancane. Ukungeniswa kwayo kungadala ukuhlanza, kepha hhayi ukuthulisa ukukhohlisa njengoba abantu bevame ukukholelwa. Amaqabunga asebenza njengesihlanzo, kepha angaveza ukusabela okuvame ukudala ukuthimula. Naphezu kobuthi bayo, ukungenisa kwayo akukaze kubulale. Abanye bathi linezinhlelo zokwelashwa kwezilwane, lapho lisetshenziswe khona njenge-vermifuge.
Kunconywa qoqa izimpande zawo ngesikhathi sokuwa, ngemuva kokomiswa ukuze kusetshenziswe ekwelapheni ezinye izifo ezinjenge-hypertension lapho kusetshenziselwa ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Izici zalo zokwelapha ziyefana nezika- UHellborus niger. Isetshenziswa njengesikhuthazi sesigqi senhliziyo ezigulini esezikhulile, yize njengamanje le ndlela yokwelapha ingasetshenziswa.
Impande yawo isebenza njenge i-anthelmintic, purgative enamandla, isisusa sokugaya nokuhlanza nokuqeda izinhlungu. Iphinde yasetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuconsa, i-amenorrhea kanye nokunye ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwezinzwa, kepha ukuhambisana nodokotela wezokwelapha kunconyelwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukulawula izinambuzane, njengamazeze nezintwala.