Isithombe - Wikimedia / Nicolas Ramirez
IHemlock ingesinye sezitshalo eziyingozi kakhulu ezikhona kubantu. Kangangokuthi ngenxa yobuthi bayo isikhathi eside yayisetshenziselwa ukubulala abaphathi nabanye abalingiswa abalinganayo, njengoSocrates.
Yize ingeyomndeni wama-apiaceae, ngakho-ke yabelana ngezakhi zofuzo ngakho-ke futhi inezici no-anyanisi noma ugalikhi akudingeki sikhohliswe ukubukeka kwayo.
Kuyini i-hemlock?
Isithombe - Izincwadi zeFlickr / zokupheka
UHemlock umuthi ogama lakhe lesayensi lingu IConium maculatum. Phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila iyahluma futhi ikhule, kodwa kowesibili iyaqhakaza, ikhiqize imbewu futhi ekugcineni ife. Ngakho-ke, kungumuthi we-biennial (bi = two and annual = year), isici sawo esiyinhloko yileso se- thuthukisa isiqu esingenalutho lapho kuhluma khona amaqabunga ngamaphini noma amapheshana amathathu.
Yonke iluhlaza okotshani, ngaphandle kwezimbali zayo eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence abizwa ngama-umbels wamasentimitha ayi-10-15 ububanzi amhlophe. Isithelo lesi yi-achene yombala oluhlaza okotshani, oyindilinga noma oyisiyingi, oqukethe imbewu emnyama emnyama ngosayizi omncane.
Ifinyelela ebangeni eliphakathi kwamamitha ayi-1,5 no-2,5, bese ikhipha iphunga elibi kakhulu. Eqinisweni, kuthiwa angadala ngisho isicanucanu ngokusihlephula noma ngokukukhuhla.
Okunye ukubuyela emuva ukuthi ikhula endle eYurophu naseNyakatho Afrika, futhi seyenziwe yaba semvelo eMelika (eNyakatho naseNingizimu), e-Asia, e-Australia naseNew Zealand. Ngamafuphi, kulula ukuyithola, ikakhulukazi uma siya emifuleni noma kwezinye izindawo ezinomswakama nezipholile.
Buyini ubuthi behemlock?
Lesi yisitshalo esine-alkaloid ehlukile etholakala ku-piperidine, njenge-cicutin, i-conhydrin noma i-coniin. Lesi sakamuva sinobuthi obukhulu kunabo bonke, kusukela ngemithamo ephansi noma ephakathi ilimaza kabi uhlelo oluphakathi lwezinzwa, futhi lapho umthamo uphakeme ngokwanele kungadala ukufa ngokukhubazeka kwemisipha yokuphefumula, kubantu nasezilwaneni ezifana nemfuyo.
Yize kungafanele neze, ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, kudliwe, kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi kumuntu omdala isilinganiso esingaphezu kuka-0,1 amagremu we-coniin, okungumthamo oqukethe amaqabunga amasha ayi-6-8 esitshalo, angabulala.
Yini Ebangela Hemlock?
Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukusinda
- Isicanucanu
- Ukuqhafaza
- Ubuhlungu emathunjini
- Ukucasuka komqala (ku-pharynx)
- SED
- Izinkinga zokugwinya
- Ama-Pupilas dilatadas
- Ubunzima bokukhuluma
Kepha umuntu othintekile angaba nabanye, okuyilezi:
- Ukuphazamiseka kombono nokuzwa
- Ubuthakathaka bomlenze
- Tremors
- Ukunyakaza kokuzithandela
- Imikhuba emibi
Futhi ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, lapho-ke ukwehluleka kohlelo lonke kuyenzeka, bese umuntu efa ngenxa yokuxinwa njengoba imisipha yokuphefumula ikhubazeka.
Ngabe ukwelashwa kuqukethe ini?
Ngeshwa, alukho umuthi othize wokumisa ngempumelelo i-coniin. Okwenziwayo khipha isisu bese unikeza umuntu othintekayo amalahle acushiwe. Lokhu kuyinto esetshenziswa kabanzi ezimweni zokufaka ubuthi ngokungenisa ngomlomo, kubantu nasezilwaneni, ngoba ibunca ubuthi ngokushesha ngenxa yokuphakama kwayo okukhulu.
Okunye ukwelashwa okuhambisanayo yi-diuresis ephoqelelwe, ukwelashwa komoya nokwelashwa komoya-mpilo. Lokho wukuthi, okwenziwayo ukuzama ukunciphisa izimpawu nokuqinisekisa ukuthi lowo muntu uthola i-oxygen. Inkinga ukuthi ukuze ululame, udinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ingabe i-hemlock inokusetshenziswa?
Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu esikhulume ngakho, ungahle ucabange ukuthi isitshalo okungafanele sinqatshelwe kuphela kepha akufanele sibe khona. Izizathu azilahlekile: inobuthi obunamandla kakhulu, kepha ezandleni ezifanele (okungukuthi, uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo) kungasiza.
Njengalezi zinhlobo zezitshalo, ngemithamo elawulwayo ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha izinkinga nezimpawu ezinkulu, njengesifo sokuwa, ukukhwehlela, ugcunsula, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu njengomdlavuza.
Wafa kanjani ngempela uSocrates?
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Photo Ad Meskens
Ekuqaleni kwendatshana sishilo ukuthi uSocrates wabulawa ubuthi be-hemlock. Futhi ingelinye lamacala aziwa kakhulu. Kodwa kwenzekani empeleni? Ubani owayefuna ukubulala isazi sefilosofi?
Yebo, ukuphendula lowo mbuzo kufanele sibuyekeze umlando kancane. USocrates wazalwa ngonyaka ka-469/470 BC. C. Wayehlala njalo enentshisekelo yokufunda umculo, uhlelo lolimi, kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Kodwa futhi kungekudala uzokwenza okuthile okwakungabukelwa phansi: ukugxeka iqiniso elibekiwe.
Kwakunjalo "ukuhlubuka" kwakhe lokho eneminyaka engu-70 ubudala wasolwa ngokuphika onkulunkulu nokukhohlisa abasha. Ngalesi sizathu, wagwetshwa intambo ngokuphuza i-hemlock extract. Ngalesi sizathu, siyazi ukuthi uSocrates akazange afe ngengozi, kodwa wabulawa ngoba ukucabanga okuhlukile ngesikhathi sakhe kwakungavunyelwe.
Ngiyethemba le ndatshana ikusizile ukuthi ufunde kabanzi nge-hemlock.
Incazelo enhle kakhulu. Ifundisa kakhulu .. Sobonana maduze