I-Arugula umuthi waminyaka yonke womndeni wakwaBrasicaceae, obizwa nangokuthi yiCrucifers. Igama lesayensi lale mifino ngu U-Eruca vesicaria Cavanilles, kepha yaziwa nangokuthi i-eruga, isibungu, i-arugula, irokhethi noma i-jamarguillo. Yize engowokuzalwa entshonalanga ye-Asia naseningizimu yeYurophu, Lesi sitshalo sesidume umhlaba wonke ngokusetshenziswa kwaso okuningi kokupheka. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe banesifiso sokutshala i-arugula.
Uma ungomunye wabo, usendaweni efanele. Lapha sichaza ukuthi utshala nini i-arugula, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani nezici ezithile okufanele uzicabangele lapho utshala le mifino.
Uhlwanyelwa nini u-arugula?
Ukuhlwanyela i-arugula kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungayenza nini, kungaba ensimini noma ezingadini zasemadolobheni noma engadini. Singaqala ukuhlwanyela kwakho entwasahlobo, ehlobo noma ekwindla. Noma kunjalo, inkathi enhle kakhulu iyintwasahlobo njengoba lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi ngokukhula kwazo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile futhi ukubeka isivuno sethu endaweni enelanga. Kepha qaphela, ngoba ilanga eliningi kakhulu ligcina likhiqiza ukunambitheka okumunyu kakhulu emaqabungeni e-arugula.
Kubalulekile futhi ukubheka isimo sezulu sendawo. Okufanelekile yisimo sezulu esifudumele kepha esinamazinga okushisa amancane. Lokhu kujwayelekile endaweni yaseMedithera. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu lemifino elingamelana nalo lingama-degree ayishumi ngaphansi kuka-zero. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi izinga lokushisa lehla ngokuya phambili, i-arugula ngeke isakwazi ukuthuthuka. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinga lokushisa elifanele le-arugula ekhulayo liphakathi kuka-15ºC no-25ºC. Ngokuqondene nohlobo lomhlabathi, lesi sitshalo sizivumelanisa nanoma ubani. Kodwa-ke, ikhetha ukungena, okukhaliphile, okukhishwe kahle futhi okunothile ezintweni eziphilayo.
Ihlwanyelwa kanjani imbewu ye-arugula?
Lapho sesicacisiwe ukuthi utshala i-arugula nini futhi kuphi, sekuyisikhathi sokuthola ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani. Ngalokhu sizodinga imbewu. Lokhu kuthengiswa ezimvilophini ezitolo ezikhethekile noma ezitolo ezinkulu ze-DIY kanye nengadi. Indlela enhle yokuhlwanyela le mifino ukushaya ngezimbewu ezimbili noma ezintathu esikhaleni ngasinye. Kufanele bangcwatshwe ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi ekujuleni kwesentimitha elilodwa. Ibanga okufanele libe phakathi kwesitshalo ngasinye lingamasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-20 kuyilapho kunconywa phakathi kwemigqa ibanga elingaba amasentimitha angama-30.
Mayelana nokuhluma, lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kwezingu-14. Sonke lesi sikhathi kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi i-substrate inomswakama futhi ivundisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi kufanele ligcinwe ngaphezu kwe-15ºC. Lapho sezimile, kufanele uqede amakhambi angavela azungeze i-arugula ukuze angasusi izakhamzimba. Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo futhi obhalisile kufanele enziwe njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15.
Ngokuqondene nomanyolo, kunconywa ukuthi ulinganiswe nama-microelements ngokuya ngomthamo onconywe ngumenzi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema umanyolo onothe kakhulu nge-nitrogen. Yize kuliqiniso ukuthi i-nitrogen ithanda ukukhula kwamaphepha esitshalo, ukweqisa kungaphazamisa i-tugor ye-arugula futhi ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukuvela kwezifo ezithile.
Ukuhlwanyela i-arugula ezimbizeni
Uma kwenzeka sifuna ukuhlwanyela i-arugula ngendlela eyenziwe ngokwengeziwe, singakwenza kubahleli bezitshalo ezingadini zasemadolobheni noma ezimbizeni. Ngakho-ke singaba nabo ku-terrace yethu noma kuvulandi. Yize isikhathi sokuhlwanyela sisafana kulokhu, kunezici ezithile okufanele sizicabangele. Iziqukathi esizofaka kuzo le mifino Kumele zibekwe endaweni enelanga kodwa ngasikhathi sinye zivikelwe emimoyeni enamandla. Kungabonakala kulula, kepha khumbula ukuthi, ngokuvamile, izakhiwo zivuleleka kakhulu emoyeni.
Njengoba uhlelo lwempande lwe-arugula lungajule kakhulu, amabhodwe akudingeki ukuthi abe made kakhulu. Ngokuqondene ne-substrate, Kungakuhle ukuxuba ukutshalwa kwenhlabathi yensimu engama-20% kanye nenhlabathi yobumba engaba ngu-10%.
I-arugula ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukukhula?
Uma sikhuluma ngobude bendawo yokulima sibhekisa enkathini equkethe kusukela kwimifino njalo kuze kube sekuvuneni kwayo. Endabeni ye-arugula, uma siphelelwa yisikhathi kuze kube sekugcineni imvamisa iba cishe izinyanga ezine isiyonke. Ukuvunwa kwalesi sitshalo kwenziwa ngesandla ngamaphasi amaningi ngesikhathi sokutshala, kuya ngezidingo esinazo.
Izinhlupho nezifo
Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, okusho ukuthi, uma ukuminyana kwesitshalo nomanyolo nokunisela kulungile, zimbalwa kakhulu izinambuzane nezifo ezingabonakala ku-arugula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi siyisitshalo se-rustic ngoba ukulima kwaso kufushane kakhulu, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, kukhona izifo nezinambuzane, noma ngabe zimbalwa. Esinye sezilokazane esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-aphid, kanti phakathi kwezifo ezivame kakhulu i-powdery isikhutha nokugqwala.
Amathiphu kanye ne-trivia
Ekugcineni sizophawula ngokuthanda ukwazi okuthile kanye namathiphu ngokutshalwa kwale mifino. Yize sesivele sazi ukuthi sitshala kanjani i-arugula, kungakuhle ukuthi ubheke lolu hlu:
- Izimbali ze-Arugula zingangezwa kumasaladi.
- Lapho isitshalo sikhiqize izimbali, amaqabunga athambekele ekubeni nokunambitheka okumunyu ngokwengeziwe.
- Kufanele ugweme ukutshala i-arugula ngama-turnips, amaklabishi, ama-radish, noma ezinye izitshalo zomndeni ofanayo. Lokhu kunconywa ukugwema ukuhlangana noma ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo ezisensimini efanayo. Kungenzeka ukuthi kuvele izinkinga ezithile ezihlobene ngokungaqondile nezilokazane nezifo.
- Esikhundleni salokho, kunconywa ukuthi utshale i-arugula eceleni kwezitshalo zamaqanda, utamatisi, upelepele wensimbi, noma ulethisi.
Manje njengoba sesazi ukuhlwanyela i-arugula, sesizosebenza kuphela. Ukutshalwa nokunakekelwa kwale mifino kulula kakhulu, ngakho-ke akufanele sibe nezinkinga eziningi uma siyenza. Ungasishiya nakho kwakho kumazwana.