I-Athyrium

Amafeni ohlobo lwe-Athyrium yizitshalo ezine-rhizome ewugqinsi kodwa emfushane, okuvela kuwo amahlumela - empeleni abizwa ngokuthi amahlumela - amahle kakhulu futhi enhle. Eqinisweni, zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza izingadi zibe zinhle, ikakhulukazi lawo makhona lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kungafinyeleli kahle khona.

Njengokungathi lokho bekunganele, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, sezingama-180 sezizonke, yize kuyidayiswa ingxenye encane yazo kuphela. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi ukuthi ziyini?

Umsuka nezimpawu ze-Athyrium

I-Athyrium bangama-ferns aqinile ongowomndeni wezitshalo i-Athyriaceae futhi okhula kakhulu enyakatho Nenkabazwe. Ngokuvamile, ngokuvamile ziyizitshalo ezincane, ezingaba amasentimitha angama-40 kuye kwangama-50 ukuphakama, zinamahlumela ahlukaniswe aba ama-fascicles ane-petiole ezansi zawo.

Njengakho konke ukuzivocavocaAzinazo izimbali, kepha ngaphansi kwamahlumela azo zine-sporangia, okuyilapho kukhiqizwa khona izinhlamvu (okulingana nembewu). Lezi zinhlamvu zine-ellipsoidal ngokuma, futhi ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane zibonakala nge-microscope kuphela.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu ze-Athyrium yilezi ezilandelayo:

I-Athyrium asplenioides

El I-Athyrium asplenioides kuyisitshalo esihle kakhulu, esine Amaqabunga anqamulelayo afinyelela kubude obufinyelela kumitha elilodwa. Lezi zinamaphini futhi ziluhlaza okotshani, zinesiqu esinsundu.

I-Athyrium filix-femina

El I-Athyrium filix-femina Yinhlobo ethengiswa kakhulu kunazo zonke, eyaziwa njenge-fern kahle noma yowesifazane. Ikhula emahlathini asenyakatho yezwe, ezindaweni ezivikelekile elangeni nalapho isimo sezulu sipholile. Amafreyimu alo aluhlaza okotshani, anobude obungamasentimitha ayi-120 ubude, kanye ne-petiole ensundu ezansi.

I-Athyrium niponicum

El I-Athyrium niponicum, noma i-fern edwetshiwe yaseJapan, iyinhlobonhlobo yokuhlobisa kakhulu. Amafreyimu alo aphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-30 kuye kwangama-70 ubude, futhi ziphelelwe yisikhathi. Izinzwa zalo zibomvu ngokubomvu, umbala ophikisana nokuluhlaza okukhazimulayo kwamaqabunga.

Kusukela ngo-2011 le nhlobo iyingxenye yohlobo lwe-Anisocampium, kodwa njengoba isaziwa ngaleli gama, siyifakile ohlwini.

I-Athyrium otophorum

El I-Athyrium otophorum, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-ear fern, isitshalo esidabuka eJapane nase-East Asia lokho ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-50. Amaqabunga awo aluhlaza okotshani lapho ehluma, futhi agcina eba mpunga oluhlaza okotshani lapho esekhulile. Iziqu zingama-garnet.

Yini ukunakekelwa abakudingayo?

Uma ufuna ukuba ne-Athyrium isesimweni esihle, khona-ke sizokutshela ukuthi kufanele uyinakekele kanjani ukuze ihlale ... inqobo nje uma kufanele ihlale:

Indawo

Lezi zitshalo kumele zibe ku semi-isithunzi. Izimpande zawo azihlaseli, kepha uma uzoba nazo emhlabathini sikweluleka ukuthi uzitshale ebangeni okungenani lemitha elilodwa ukusuka kwezinye izitshalo ezinosayizi ofanayo. Ngale ndlela, amaflekhi abo ngeke awagqoke futhi azokwazi ukukhula ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Umhlaba

• Imbiza yezimbali: i-substrate ezosetshenziswa kumele yakhiwe ngenhlanganisela yesithombo semifino (iyathengiswa lapha) kanye nenhlabathi yezitshalo ezinomsoco (iyathengiswa lapha) ngezingxenye ezilinganayo.
• Isibindi: inhlabathi kumele ikhanye, icebe izakhamzimba, futhi ibe ne-esidi encane, okusho ukuthi, ine-pH ephakathi kuka-5 no-7.

Ukunisela

Ake siqhubekele ekuniseleni. EMpumalanga kufanele kube njalo ehlobo, ngoba o-fern abakwazi ukumelana nesomiso. Kepha kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi ukwedlula kwamanzi nakho kuyabalimaza, ngoba i-Athyrium ayisiyasemanzini, uma kungenjalo yasemhlabeni ngakho-ke uma iniselwa kakhulu izimpande zizogcwala futhi zizobola.

Unalokhu engqondweni, kungakuhle ukuthi unisele ngokwesilinganiso esingu-3, ​​mhlawumbe amahlandla ama-4 ngesonto phakathi naleyo nkathi. Ukuphela konyaka, njengoba imvula ivamise ukuba namazinga okushisa aphansi, sizonisela njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5-6. Vele, lapho senza njalo, kubalulekile ukugwema ukumanzisa isitshalo, ikakhulukazi ebusika njengoba singabola.

Umswakama

Lawa maferns ahlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu. Ngokwalesi sizathu, Kubalulekile ukuthi uma umswakama wensimu uphansi kakhulu, ufafaze amahlamvu awo (amaqabunga) ngemvula noma ngamanzi athambile. Kuyathakazelisa futhi, ikakhulukazi uma ungaphakathi, ukubeka iziqukathi ezinamanzi azungeze ibhodwe.

Umbhalisile

Entwasahlobo ngisho nasehlobo (noma ekwindla uma usendaweni lapho isimo sezulu sifudumele, noma awekho amakhaza aqinile) kubalulekile ukuthi uwuvundise ukuze ukhule kahle. Sebenzisa umanyolo onjenge-guano noma owendawo yonke, ulandela imiyalo yokusetshenziswa.

Ukufakelwa

Uma kwenzeka ufuna ukuyitshala engadini, kufanele ukwenze entwasahlobo. Uma unayo ebhodweni, kufanele uyihambise kwenye enkulu lapho ubona ukuthi iphelelwe yisikhala ukuze iqhubeke nokukhula.

Isibindi

Ukumelana namakhaza kuyehluka kuye ngezinhlobo. Ngokwesibonelo:

• I-Athyrium asplenioides: ngokwengosi yeNgilandi iDaveGarden, imelana kuze kufike ku -39,9ºC.
• I-Athyrium filix-femina: kuze kufike ku -5ºC.
• I-Athyrium otophorum: kuze kufike ku -10ºC.

Ucabangani ngalezi zitshalo?