IBerberis

Izitshalo zenhlobo IBerberis Zizihlahlana zokuhlobisa kakhulu, ezingabakhona cishe kunoma iyiphi ingadi yensimu, kuvulandi noma ithala ngokuqiniseka ngokwazi ukuthi kuzoba nzima kubo ukugula. Eqinisweni, azimelani nje kuphela nezinambuzane nezifo, kepha futhi zibekezelela isithwathwa.

Ngayo yonke into, Ziyathakazelisa kubo bobabili abaqalayo ngokuqondene nalabo abanolwazi oluningi.

Umsuka nezimpawu zeBerberis

Abalingisi bethu abaphambili bayizinhlobo zezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza noma ezinamakhaza, kuye ngohlobo lwazo, ezivela ezindaweni ezipholile nezishisayo zaseYurophu, e-Asia, e-Afrika, eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-500, futhi zonke zibonakaliswa ngokuba nokwakheka kwe-dimorphic; okungukuthi, baneziqu ezide okuyizo ezakha ukwakheka kwezitshalo, neziqu ezimfushane okuyizo ezibanikeza umthamo. Amaqabunga wangaphambilini awenzi i-photosynthesis, futhi aguqukele emithanjeni ka-3 kuya ku-30mm; kepha lezo eziqhuma ezihlokweni ezimfushane kuma-axils womgogodla ngamunye zingamaqabunga asebenzayo futhi zikala u-1 kuye ku-10 cm ubude, futhi zilula.

Ziqhakaza entwasahlobo. Izimbali zingaba zodwa noma zivele ziqoqwe ngamaqoqo, ophuzi noma owolintshi, futhi ngosayizi ka-3 kuye ku-6mm ubude. Isithelo siwujikijolo ongu-5 kuya ku-15mm ubude, ojika ubebomvu noma ube mnyama okwesibhakabhaka uma usuvuthiwe, futhi uyadliwa; empeleni icebile ku-vitamin C. Imbewu nayo incane, futhi iqinile, inombala omnyama.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Okudume kakhulu yile:

IBerberis aristata

Eyaziwa njenge-barberry yaseNdiya noma i-turmeric yesihlahla, iyisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esihlala ezindaweni zaseHimalaya eNdiya naseNepal. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili kuya kwangu-2, enamaqabunga aluhlaza.

I-Berberis darwinii

Yaziwa njenge-barberry kaDarwin, iyisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esihlala eningizimu yeChile nase-Argentina. Ikhula ize ifike kumamitha ama-3-4 ubude, futhi amaqabunga awo aluhlaza.

IBerberis hispanica

Kuyisihlahla esinqumayo esidabuka eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeMedithera lokho ikhula ize ifike kumamitha ama-3 ukuphakama. Amaqabunga aluhlaza.

IBerberis thunbergii

Eyaziwa njenge-barberry yaseJapan, i-barbberry yaseThunberg, noma i-barberry ebomvu, iyisihlahla esinqumayo esidabuka eMpumalanga Asia naseJapane. Ifinyelela kumamitha amabili ukuphakama, futhi amaqabunga awo aluhlaza.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Barberry (Berberis thunbergii)

IBerberis thunbergii var. ususuke

Kuyinto ehlukahlukene B. thunbergii. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi unamaqabunga abomvu kakhulu, edonsa ukunakwa okuningi.

Berberis vulgaris

Yaziwa njenge-barberry, iyisihlahla esinqumayo esidabuka enkabeni naseningizimu yeYurophu, entshonalanga ye-Asia nasenyakatho ye-Afrika lokho ikhula ibe ngamamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza okotshani.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Berberis vulgaris, i-shrub ephelele yokuvikela uthango

Yini ukunakekelwa kwamaBerberis?

Uma ufuna ukuba nekhophi ye-Berberis, sincoma ukuthi unikeze lokhu kunakekelwa okulandelayo:

Indawo

Ziyizitshalo ukuthi kufanele ibe ngaphandle, kungaba elangeni eligcwele noma emthunzini omncane. Ungazibeki emthunzini ophelele, uma kungenjalo ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwazo ngeke kwanele (zizokhula zibe buthakathaka, ngeziqu ezinde kakhulu nezincane).

Umhlaba

• Imbiza yezimbali: isebenzisa i-substrate yendawo yonke (iyathengiswa lapha) exutshwe namatshe angama-30% (kuyathengiswa lapha) noma okufanayo.
• Isibindi: zikhula enhlabathini engathathi hlangothi nelimestone, ekhanywa kahle futhi evundile.

Ukunisela

Njalo, kepha ukugwema ukuminyana kwamanzi. Uma uhlala endaweni lapho kuna kakhulu futhi kaningi, kungenzeka ukuthi uma kunethisela elilodwa noma amabili ngesonto iBerberis yakho izokwanela, kepha uma endaweni yakini isomiso siyinkinga engahlala izinyanga, ngaleso sikhathi kuzodingeka unisele kabili, kathathu noma kane ngesonto uma izinga lokushisa nalo liphakeme.

Gwema ukumanzisa amaqabunga lapho unisela ukuze angashi noma abole.

Umbhalisile

Kunconywa kakhulu khokha entwasahlobo nasehlobo nomanyolo ophilayo, njenge-guano, umquba noma isigaxa semifino (kuyathengiswa lapha). Ngale ndlela, uzoba neBerberis enempilo futhi enakekelwayo.

Izihlahla

Akudingeki ngempela, kepha ungasusa iziqu ezomile, ezigulayo noma eziphukile ekwindla sekwephuzile ngezikele ezazifakwe amagciwane ngaphambili ngamaconsi ambalwa omshini wokuwasha izitsha.

Ukuphindaphinda

Imbewu

Iphindaphindeka ngezimbewu, okumele kube njalo stratify efrijini izinyanga ezintathu ebusika bese kuba njalo hlwanyela entwasahlobo embhedeni wembewu onemigodi yamanzi edreyini igcwaliswe nge-substrate ethile (iyathengiswa lapha).

Kubalulekile ukuthi ziqhelelane ngangokunokwenzeka nokuthi zingcwatshwe kancane ukuze zingashiswa yilanga.

Izithelo

Ungathatha iziqu ezingaba ngamasentimitha angama-20 ubude ezinamaqabunga kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla, bese uzitshala ebhodweni nge-vermiculite (iyathengiswa lapha).

Izinambuzane

Zimelana impela, kepha ezindaweni ezomile nezishisayo ziyazwela ngama-aphid nezibungu ze-hymenopteran I-Ardis berberidis.

Ukwelashwa kuyalulekwa ukuthi kwenziwe ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous (uyathengiswa lapha), ukuba ngumthamo wamagremu angama-35 ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi, noma ngensipho ye-potassium (iyathengiswa lapha).

I-athikili ehlobene:

Iyini insipho ye-potassium?

Izifo

Zingaba nesikhunta esifana ne-anthracnose noma i-rust, nezimpawu ezifana nokuvela kwamabala anombala onsundu (okokuqala) noma izigaxa ze-orange (kwesesibili) emaqabungeni. Kubhekwana nazo isikhunta.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Konke mayelana nokugqwala, esinye sefungi esithinta kakhulu izitshalo

Futhi zisengozini yokutheleleka ngamagciwane UPseudomonas berberidis, okudala ukuthi amaqabunga awo abe namabala amanzi aluhlaza ekuqaleni bese kuba bomvu ngokumnyama. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukusika izingxenye ezithintekile.

Futhi yize kungavamile, igciwane le-mosaic lingabathinta. Ngeshwa akukho ukwelashwa, ukususa nje isitshalo esigulayo.

Isibindi

Imvamisa amaBerberis amelana nesithwathwa aze afike ku -7ºC. Uma unokungabaza mayelana nokuba rusticity kohlobo oluthile, sibhalele.

Yikuphi ukusetshenziswa okunikezwa iBerberis?

Umhlobiso

Ziyizitshalo zokuhlobisa kakhulu, ezigcinwa ezingadini njengama-hedge aphansi, ngokwesibonelo, ezimbizeni noma kuma-planter. Ngenxa yobuncane bamaqabunga ayo, kukhona labo ababa nesibindi futhi basebenze njengama-bonsai.

I-Gastronomic

Izithelo zezinhlobo eziningi, ikakhulukazi iBerberis vulgaris, zisetshenziselwa ukwenza ujamu, yize zingadliwa zisentsha.

Ucabangani ngalezi zitshalo? Ubuwazi? Ngiyethemba ukujabulele kakhulu ukufunda ngabo 🙂.