Njengoba sazi, izinambuzane nezifo zingahlasela noma yiziphi izitshalo esinazo engadini yethu yezithelo noma engadini. Esinye sezinambuzane ezingahlasela kakhulu izithelo ezisawolintshi yi i-citrus leafminer. Yaziwa nangegama lomvukuzi wamaqabunga noma umvukuzi wesihlahla sikalamula. Igama layo lesayensi ngu I-Phyllocnistis citrella. Kuyibhu elincane eliyisibungu esiphunyuka emaqabunga amawolintshi abulalayo. Inokulawula okunzima uma kuqhathaniswa, ngakho-ke sizokukhombisa amathiphu angcono kakhulu wokuwaqeda.
Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nomvukuzi wamaqabunga e-citrus, umjikelezo wokuphila kwawo nokuthi yimaphi amathiphu angcono kakhulu okubabulala.
Izici eziyinhloko
Kuyizinambuzane okunzima ukuzilawula ngoba ngemvelo yazo kunzima ukuhlasela izibungu njengoba zidla amaqabunga ngaphakathi kwamagalari eziwakhayo. Ingenye yezinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ezihlasela i-citrus futhi, ngakho-ke, enye yezinto ezesatshwa kakhulu, ngoba ingalimaza kakhulu i-citrus ngokudla ijusi futhi ingabavumeli ukuba bakhiqize amahlumela amasha, amaqabunga noma izithelo. ESpain, ngo-1993 kwadala esinye sezifo ezimbi kakhulu izwe elike labhekana nalo ngenxa yokutshalwa kwalezi zihlahla zezithelo.
Insikazi endala yalesi sinambuzane iyibhu elimpunga noma eliyisiliva elingaba uhhafu wesentimitha ubude. Ibekela amaqanda emahlumela ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kwezitshalo, futhi lapho amaqanda achanyuselwa, izibungu ezincane zingena ngaphansi kwamaqabunga.
Amaqanda asobala futhi kunzima ukuwabona ngeso lenyama, ngakho izinambuzane zibonakala kalula ngamagalari futhi umcu wokuzikhulula izibungu eziwushiya emaqabunga ngenkathi zidla. Lapho isikhule ngokwanele, yenza isiphungumangathi eduze nengaphandle leqabunga futhi ibangele ukuba iqabunga ligoqe phezu kwesiphungumangathi. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, abantu abadala bayavela, sebelungele ukuqala umjikelezo wempilo yabasebenzi basezimayini ezisawolintshi futhi.
Ukube izinambuzane bezingenalo udlame kakhulu, abavukuzi bewolintshi cishe bebezothola ukwelashwa okungokwemvelo, njengoba lezi zinambuzane zinezitha zazo zemvelo. Kodwa-ke, uma kuyinkathazo enkulu, kuzodingeka sithathe izinyathelo zokugwema ukulimala okuqhubekayo esilimoni.
Umjikelezo we-Phenological womvukuzi weqabunga le-citrus
Entwasahlobo, abesifazane balala kuphela emaqabunga amawolintshi athambile kakhulu. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, amaqanda achanyuselwa futhi izibungu zingene ngaphakathi kweqabunga futhi ziqale ukulibhubhisa. Konke ukukhula kwezibungu kwenzeka ngaphakathi kweqabunga, kugcine kuphuphuma ekamelweni elalililungiselele ngaphambili.
Izizukulwane ngezizukulwane izinombolo zabo eziphezulu zihambisana nokuhluma kwe-citrus, enabantu abaningi kakhulu ehlobo nasekwindla. Ngokufika kwamakhaza, ukuhluma kuyayeka, abesifazane abakwazi ukuzalela amaqanda, futhi inani labavukuzi liyehla. Lapho kufika intwasahlobo, isihlahla sizophinde sihlume futhi inani elikhulu labantu lizoqala ukuzala, kodwa umonakalo omkhulu ngeke uqale kuze kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo.
Imayini inesinuous futhi isobala, iveza umugqa wendle. Izibungu eziningana zingahlala ndawonye eqabungeni elifanayo. Amaqabunga aphenduka aqine. Amaqabunga asongwe angasebenza njengesiphephelo kwezinye izinambuzane.
Emiqulwini emithathu yesithelo esisawolintshi, intwasahlobo iyona ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba yilapho kwakheka khona amaqabunga amaningi. Njengamanje, abavukuzi basanda kuphuma ebusika futhi inani labantu lincane kakhulu, ngakho ukulahlekelwa kuyinto encane futhi akuthinti ukuhluma kokuqala. Ngakho-ke, esihlahleni esidala, umonakalo obangelwa yilesi sinambuzane awubalulekile, ngokungafani nensimu encane, lapho ukukhula okujwayelekile kwesitshalo kuncipha.
Ukwelashwa kwezikelemu ezisawolintshi
Uma sesazi ukuthi yiziphi izici zomjikelezo wempilo yomvukuzi wamaqabunga ezisawolintshi, sizoklelisa izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalesi zinambuzane.
Amafutha eNeem
I-Neem noma i-Nim oil Ingenye yezinambuzane ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zemvelo nezemvelo yokwelapha izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene. Enye yezinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko ukuthi inokuphikelela okude embonini, cishe amasonto angu-3, ngakho-ke ngaphezu kokuqeda abavukuzi, kuzophinde kuvimbele ukuhlaselwa kwamanye ama-suckers. Nciphisa amamililitha ama-3 kuya ku-5 ilitha yamanzi, bese uwasebenzisela ukuchelela izitshalo.
Izidalwa zemvelo
Endabeni yezitshalo ezinkulu, ukulawulwa kwebhayoloji kwabavukuzi be-citrus kuyindlela enhle kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa i-lacewing noma i-wap I-Diglyphus isaea. Noma kunjalo, lezi zindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo kodwa ezibizayo ezingavamile ukusetshenziselwa izitshalo ezincane noma izingadi. Kunjalo futhi Bacillus thuringiensis, igciwane elidla izibungu noma izibungu.
Umiyane ovamile (I-Phylloscopus collybita) ingesinye isibonelo sesilwane esizingelayo, nakuba sikhuluma ngaso sodwa ngoba siyinyoni, hhayi ezinye izinambuzane noma amagciwane. Le nyoni encane idla izibungu zabasebenzi basezimayini ezisawolintshi, okwaziyo ukukhipha emaqabunga ngaphandle kwenkinga, njengoba kungenye yezibiliboco azikhonzile.
I-Potassium insipho kanye nopelepele
I-Potassium insipho ingenye insecticide yemvelo esetshenziswa kabanzi ukulawula izinambuzane ezinhlobonhlobo ngoba ayinobuthi, iyabola futhi ayinangozi. Ukusebenzisa insipho ye-potassium ku-citrus leaf worm akufani nokuyisebenzisa kunoma yisiphi esinye izinambuzane.
- Nciphisa ngamanzi ekuhlanganiseni kwe-1% kuya ku-2%.
- Fafaza kuso sonke isitshalo, unake ngokukhethekile ngaphansi kwamaqabunga.
- Sebenzisa kanye ngesonto inyanga, ekuseni noma kuhwalala, uma kungenzeka, uvikeleke emoyeni nasemvuleni.
Upelepele ungelinye ikhambi elikhulu lokumba amawolintshi. Nansi indlela yokwenza upelepele we-lemon miner nezinye izithelo ze-citrus:
- Faka imbewu kapelepele omnyama epanini futhi pheka cishe imizuzu engama-20, lize lincibilike ngokuphelele.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi ikhishi lakho linomoya omuhle uma wenza lokhu, futhi lihlunge ngemva kokuba selipholile.
- Fafaza ukumnika emaqabunga athintekile ngesifutho.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nomvukuzi weqabunga le-citrus nokuthi ungawabulala kanjani.