Namuhla sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo ze-phanerogamic ezomndeni wakwa-Euphorbiaceae. Imayelana ne- I-Euphorbia peplus. Kuyaziwa nangegama elijwayelekile le-spike yobisi. Yisitshalo esidabuka eMacaronesia futhi sinendawo ebanzi yokusatshalaliswa. Amanye amagama ajwayelekile aziwa ngayo yi-lechecina, i-lecheriega, i-peplo, i-tesula, i-tomagallos, i-basil enobuthi, utshani be-coyote, njll.
Kulesi sihloko sizokukhombisa izici, ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko nokunakekelwa kwefayela le- I-Euphorbia peplus.
Izici eziyinhloko
Lesi sitshalo sikhula sizungeze utshani beminye iminyaka yonyaka. Singazithola ezindaweni ezinotshani, ezindaweni ezinomswakama nezipholile, inqobo nje uma ziku ukuphakama phakathi kwezinga lolwandle namamitha ayi-1600. Indawo yokuhlala enkulu yalolu hlobo izingadi, izindawo ezihlikihliwe, imibhede yezimbali namasimu ezithelo. Mayelana nendawo esatshalaliswa kuyo, siyithola inenqwaba enkulu eziqiwini eziyisihlanu. Lezi ziqhingi zisondele ezwenikazi i-Afrika futhi ziyi-Azores, iCanary Islands, iCape Verde, iMadeira kanye neWild Islands. Zonke lezi zindawo zisesifundeni saseMedithera.
Yisitshalo esiqondile esinombala oluhlaza ophuzi. Imvamisa iphakathi kwamasentimitha ayishumi kuya kwangu-10 ubude. Isiqu saso sinamagatsha amaningi kusuka esisekelweni kuya esihlumweni sokukhula. Azinawo amaqabunga amakhulu kakhulu, kodwa zitholakala kuso sonke isiqu kuma-petioles amahle aphakathi kwesentimitha elilodwa kuya kwamathathu ubude. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwalesi sitshalo siqala ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba, inqobo nje uma sisesifundeni saseMedithera. Uma siya kulesi sitshalo kolunye uhlobo lwesimo sezulu kungenzeka ukuthi ukuqhakaza kwaso kushintshwe kuye ngamazinga okushisa akhona ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Amaqabunga anokunye ukuhlelwa. I-petiole ivame ukuba mfushane. Esinye sezizathu esenza izilwane zingasidli lesi sitshalo kungenxa yokuthi ine-latex ejwayelekile yalolu hlobo. Le latex iyinikeza ukunambitheka okungathandeki futhi ayidli nakancane. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, isiqu sinamagatsha impela. Amagatsha awohlobo olukhuphukayo futhi aminyene impela. Izithelo zingamaphilisi angama-mm amabili kuphela ubude futhi ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu.
Izidingo ze-Euphorbia peplus
Ukunakekela lesi sitshalo, kufanele sicabangele ezinye zezici eziyinhloko. Okokuqala, ukwazi indawo lesi sitshalo okufanele sibe nayo engadini. Kudinga ukukhanya ngokuphelele ukuze ikhule. Yize uwusekela kahle umthunzi, uma sifuna ukuthi ube nezimbali ezinhle kungcono ukuwubeka endaweni lapho unamahora anele okukhanya ngosuku. Udinga futhi igumbi lokushisa elifudumele.
Umjikelezo wayo wokuphila waminyaka yonke wehliswa ngu: ukukhula kwawo kuqala ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi, kukhula phakathi nobusika bonke, kuqhakaza entwasahlobo kanye nengxenye yehlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba, lapho ilahlekelwa khona amaqabunga futhi umjikelezo uqala futhi. I- I-Euphorbia peplus kuyisitshalo esibucayi impela. Ezimvelweni zemvelo, zivame ukukhula emhlabeni osusiwe nasemaphethelweni emigwaqo.
Ngokuqondene nenhlabathi kanye ne-substrate engakwazi ukugcina lesi sitshalo sisesimweni esihle, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi kufanele sibucayi ngokulingene. Akusona isitshalo esibekezelela inhlabathi enomswakama ophezulu. Ngakho-ke, inkomba yokuchelela ukuthi inhlabathi icishe yome ngokuphelele. I-pH yenhlabathi kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-5,5 no-8. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyathakazelisa ukuthi inhlabathi ine-nitrogen enhle ekhombisa ukunotha kwezakhamzimba. Ngale ndlela, isitshalo sizokwazi ukukhula ezimweni ezinhle futhi sizoba nezimbali ezanele.
Lidinga inhlabathi enesihlabathi futhi enezinkathazo. Ukhetha kakhulu izakhamzimba.
Ukunisela nokuzala kabusha kwe- I-Euphorbia peplus
Njengoba sibonile ngaphambili, kuyisitshalo esingadingi ukuchelelwa kakhulu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ube nokunisela okukodwa ngesonto. Uma isimo sezulu sethu somile futhi inhlabathi ingenawo umswakama, kungadingeka okwesibili ngesonto ukunisela. Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele usicabangele ubukhona bamadreyini amahle. Ukuze amanzi okunisela angagcinwa sidinga inhlabathi ukuthi ibe nepayipi elihle. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lesi sitshalo ngeke sihlale isikhathi eside.
Inkomba yokuthi kufanele siphinde sinisele futhi ukushiya i-substrate yomile phakathi kokunisela nokunisela, ukugwema izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekushiseni. Kunconywa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lihlale lifudumele.
Mayelana nokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe- I-Euphorbia peplus, singasho ukuthi zingasakazwa zombili ngezimbewu nangokusikwa. Izinhlamvu zimhlophe noma mpunga ngombala. Ukuma kwayo kune-ovoid ngesigaba esinamacala ayisithupha. Imvamisa zikala phakathi kuka-1 no-1.7 mm.
Izici zokwelapha
Lesi sitshalo sikwazile ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, uma singenakho ukuvimbela okudingekayo kungaba isitshalo esinobuthi kakhulu. Kungaba isitshalo somuthi kanye nesitshalo esinoshevu. Kungumthamo onquma ukuthi isitshalo sizoba esinye noma esinye. I-latex emhlophe emhlophe yiyo eyenza ukuthi isetshenziswe ekwelapheni i- izilonda zesikhumba ezifana nezinsumpa namabala elanga. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukwelashwa kommbila.
Enye ingxenye yesitshalo isetshenzisiwe, i-expectorant, anthelmintic, antipyretic kanye ne-anti-inflammatory. Kepha kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi kule latex kungacasula futhi kulimaze isikhumba, amehlo kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Ukuze ukwazi ukuyisebenzisa kahle, kuyadingeka ukwazi ukugxila nobungako. Uma ingasetshenziswanga kahle, ingadala ushintsho esibindini, ezinso, iveze ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo, ukuhlanza futhi ibangele nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
Okuhle ngalesi sitshalo ukuthi kufundwa izingxenye zalo msizi wobisi ukwazi ukwelapha izinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza wesikhumba, izinsumpa, amabala elanga ngisho neleukemia.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngokunakekelwa kanye nezakhiwo ze- I-Euphorbia peplus.