I-Phytophthora

Isikhunta singamagciwane adala umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni, hhayi nje ngoba ethatha isinyathelo ngokushesha kodwa nangenxa yokuthi lapho siqaphela ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle, ngokuvamile kusuke sekwephuze kakhulu ukuba sizibuyisele. Kuzo zonke, owaziwa kakhulu I-Phytopthora.

Lolu uhlobo ozwile ngalo ngesinye isikhathi, futhi uma kungenjalo ... ngemuva kokufunda le ndatshana uzoqagela ukuthi kungani ngisho lokhu. Kodwa cha, ngeke kube ukuphela kwento oyokwazi. Futhi Uzofunda ukubona izimpawu kanye nomonakalo owudalayo, nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze ukuqede kanye / noma ukukuvimbela.

Kuyini lokhu?

I-Phytopthora iwuhlobo lwamakhowe eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-phytophthora. Igama lesayensi livela kwelesiGreki elithi phytón, elisho "isitshalo" nelithi "pthorá" elihumusha ngokuthi "umbhubhisi wezitshalo." Lokhu kuyi-microorganism ekhona ihlala emhlabeni nokuthi, njengezinye izinhlobo zalolu hlobo lwesidalwa esiphilayo, indawo efudumele nenomswakama ivuna.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene, okubaluleke kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:

• P.alni: okubola izimpande ze-alder.
• I-cactorum ye-P: ukubola izimpande ze-azaleas nama-rhododendron.
• P. sinamomi: ukubola izimpande zezitshalo zokuhlobisa ezahlukahlukene, njenge-azaleas, rhododendrons, yews, Chamaecyparis, njll.
• P. fragariae: ukubola izimpande ze-strawberry.
• P. ama-infestans: ukubola izimpande zezitshalo eziningi ze-horticultural, kuhlanganise namazambane.
• P. palmivora: kubolisa izithelo zesihlahla sikakhukhunathi nesihlahla se-betel palm.
• P. ramorum: ithelela izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-60 zezitshalo, okuhlanganisa i-Quercus, ebangela ukufa kungazelelwe.
• I-P.quercina: kubangela nokufa nakwezi-oki.
• P.soyae: ukubola izimpande zesoya.

Izitshalo zigula kanjani?

Bangakwenza ngezindlela eziningana:

Ngenxa yokunisela ngokweqile

Ukuchelela kungomunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele wonke umlimi noma umlimi awazi futhi alawule, kusukela lapho kunisela kakhulu okwenzekayo ukuthi izimpande ziphelelwa umoya-mpilo, ngokwezwi nezwi. Ngenxa yalokho, baba buthaka futhi iPhytopthora yilapho bethatha ithuba lokuyithelela.

Ngenxa yomswakama oweqile

Kwesinye isikhathi kunganiselwa lapho kuthintwa, kepha umswakama osendaweni ephakeme kakhulu ukuthi ezinye izitshalo zikubekezelele. Isibonelo, ama-succulents (ama-cacti, ama-succulents, nama-caudiciforms) akhule ezindaweni ezinomswakama athanda ukubola kalula, njengoba umswakama uvala izimbotshana zeziqu / amaqabunga awo, kanye nesikhunta esihlala ku-substrate / inhlabathi efana ne-phytophthora kusizakala ngalesi simo..

Ngamathuluzi/izandla ezingahlanzekile

Kuvamile ukuthi siqale ukuthena izitshalo ngaphandle kokuthi siqale sibulale amathuluzi, futhi ngisho nangaphandle kokugeza izandla zethu. Futhi lokhu kuyiphutha. Kumele ucabange ukuthi nakuba singaziboni, zikhona futhi uma singafuni ukuthi izitshalo zethu zigule, Kungumsebenzi wethu ukunakekela kokubili ukugcinwa nokuhlanzwa kwalokho esikusebenzisa ukuthena, kanye nenhlanzeko yethu siqu..

Ngoba inhlabathi / i-substrate inegciwane

Uma, ngokwesibonelo, sitshala isihlahla emhlabathini lapho kube khona ukutheleleka nge-Phytophtora, sizoba sengozini yokusigulisa. Kuyafana uma singasebenzisi ama-substrates amasha wokufaka potting. Kungani? Ngoba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isitshalo sinempilo kangakanani, ngokushesha nje lapho isikhunta sibona uphawu oluncane lobuthakathaka, luzongena ngokushesha ohlelweni lwaso lwezimpande.

Ziyini izimpawu kanye / noma ukulimala?

Lapho i-Phytopthora isibonile ithuba lokuthinta izitshalo, into yokuqala esizoyiqaphela ukuthi zizoqala ukukhombisa izimpawu ezifanayo nalezo zokuntuleka kwamanzi: amathiphu amaqabunga omile, iqabunga, imbali nezithelo ziyawa, ukukhula kuhamba kancane. Futhi-ke, uma sibona lokhu, senzenjani? Sinisela kakhulu…, okuyiphutha.

Le microorganism ingena ezimpandeni, inqamule ukudla okugcina kubangele ukufa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Phytopthora

Prevención

Ngenxa yokuthi isebenza ngokushesha kangakanani, kunzima ukuyimisa. Ngakho-ke, kufanele sigxile ekuvimbeleni kwayo, okuzohlanganisa:

• Amathuluzi okubulala amagciwane ngaphambi nangemva kokusetshenziswa ngamaconsi ambalwa omshini wokuwasha izitsha.
• Lawula izingozi. Uma ungabaza, hlola njalo umswakama wenhlabathi ngaphambi kokunisela, kungaba imitha yomswakama wedijithali noma ngokufaka induku encane yokhuni (uma iphuma nenhlabathi eningi enamathiselwe kuyo, ngeke simanzise).
• Ukuthenga izitshalo ezinempilo. Njengoba sithanda eyodwa ethile, uma inokuthile okungafanele ibe nayo (amaqabunga abolile kanye / noma angcolile, uthuli olumhlophe noma olumpunga, izinambuzane) sizoyishiya lapho ikhona, ngaphandle kwalokho izothelela labo esinabo ekhaya. .
• Sebenzisa i-substrate entsha. Ngenzuzo yezitshalo.
• Hlanza amagciwane enhlabathini engcolisiwe, ngendlela ye i-solarization isibonelo.

"Ukuqedwa"

Ngikubeka kuzingcaphuno ngenxa yalokho esikushilo: kunzima ukubuyisa isitshalo esine-Phytopthora. Noma kunjalo, akunakwenzeka. Kwalokhu okwenziwayo ukusebenzisa i-Fosetil-Al (Aliette), okuyi-systemic fungicide ebonakale iphumelela kakhulu.

Isetshenziswa ngokufafaza, ukumanzisa isitshalo kahle, noma ngokukhukhula. Singayithola lapha. Umthamo uzoncika ohlotsheni lwesitshalo esithintekile:

• Utshani: fafaza nge-backpack, uhlanza cishe u-150g womkhiqizo ku-10l wamanzi.
• Izihlahla zokuhlobisa nezithelo: umthamo ungama-25g ku-10l wamanzi, ngqo ezimpandeni ngokunisela.

Ngithemba ukuthi ufunde okuningi ngalesi sikhunta, futhi uyazi ukuthi ungasiphatha kanjani 🙂.