Emhlabeni kunezinhlobonhlobo zemithi enezici ezihlukile. Enye yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu yi- ikhakhasi elibomvu. Kulezi zinhlobonhlobo sithola izakhiwo ze-organoleptic, zokudla okunempilo nezokulima ezenza zihluke kunoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lwameva. Luhlobo lwemifino ngokwesiko oluhlanganiswa ngepulasitiki noma iphepha ukuyivikela emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngoba ayizitshalo ezizwelayo impela.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, izakhiwo nokulima kwemoto ebomvu.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ikhakhasi elibomvu kumele limbozwe ngemibhoshongo yasemhlabeni evame ukufinyelela imitha nohhafu ukuphakama ukuze ikwazi ukuyivikela ezimweni ezimbi zemvelo. Kwezinye izikhathi lo mbhoshongo womhlaba ungafinyelela amamitha amabili ukuphakama. Yize lo msebenzi udinga umzamo omkhulu womlimi, kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ukukwazi ukuthola esinye sezakhiwo ezihlukile ezibucayi ezibomvu. Futhi yilokho Phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezingama-60 isitshalo semoto ebomvu sivikelwe umhlaba. Kungenxa yalolu hlobo lokutshala lapho luthola umbala obomvu obomvana obunika igama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayisebenzi nje kuphela ukuvikela lesi sitshalo ezimweni ezimbi zemvelo, kepha futhi inciphisa kakhulu ukufutheka kwaso.
Luhlobo lwamakhakhasi olunethenda eningi, ngakho-ke kungenzeka kube ukuphela kohlobo oludliwa luhlaza ngaphandle kokuphekwa phambilini. Izilimo zomunga ezibomvu zivelela ukuba nezakhamzimba ezidluliselwa kumkhiqizo ovuniwe futhi zenziwe icebile ku-vitamin C no-B namaminerali afana ne-calcium ne-iron.
Sikhuluma ngohlobo lwesitshalo esingapheli esisezingeni elifanayo ne-artichoke futhi sifana kakhulu naso. Inesiqu esime nkqo futhi imvamisa iba nokuphakama okungaphezu kwemitha elilodwa. Ngokuqondene namaqabunga awo, ingaphansi lawo limhlophe ngokombala, kanti indawo engenhla iluhlaza. Ine-petiole kanye ne-nerve eyinhloko ethuthuke kahle futhi ziyingxenye esetshenziswayo kakhulu yesitshalo. Kwehluke kakhulu ku-artichoke ngoba lesi sitshalo sikhulu ngoba sinamaswidi ambalwa kakhulu. Ukuphindaphindwa ngembewu cishe kusetshenziswa njalo ngoba kuyamelana nokubanda futhi amaqabunga ahlukaniswa.
Izidingo zokutshalwa kwameva abomvu
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, ukujwayela okuhlukahlukene kuyadingeka ekutshalweni kwameva abomvu ukuze kusetshenziswe ukuvikelwa okwanele. Kungabhekwa njengohlobo lwesitshalo esinesimo sezulu esibanzi ngoba sikhula ngesikhathi sehlobo futhi simelana kakhulu nokubanda. Ikhetha inhlabathi enokwakheka okungamatshe amakhulu kakhulu okubumba futhi icebile ngezinto eziphilayo. Phakathi kwezimo zemvelo ezingakuthandi ukuthuthukiswa kwayo, sithola umswakama owedlulele. Yize ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nenhlabathi elula, ithanda inhlabathi ejulile.
Ikhakhasi elibomvu lihlwanyelwa ezinyangeni zikaMashi kuya kuJuni. Izinga lokushisa lokuhluma kumele okungenani ibe nama-degree ayi-10, kanti ama-maximums angama-30 degrees. Ukuze ube nokushisa okuphelele kokuthuthuka, indawo kufanele ibe cishe ngama-degree angama-20. Ukuze ukwazi ukutshala ukhula olubomvu, inhlabathi kufanele ilungiswe futhi ifakwe umquba ngendlela efanelekile ukuhlinzeka ngezinga eliphakeme lezinto eziphilayo.
Lapho umhlaba usulungisiwe, kuyasala ukuqhubeka nokuhlwanyela. Okufunwa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ngokuqinisekile ukuthi umhlaba une-tempera eyanele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele wenze ukudlula komlimi wokugcina osebenzela ukukwazi susa ukhula bese ushiya inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele ukuze kamuva ikhakhasi likhule ezimeni ezinhle.
Ukuhlwanyela ukhula olubomvu
Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ngaphandle futhi kuyasetshenziswa imigqa ehlukene emayelana nemitha nenye imitha phakathi kwamaphansi. Ngale ndlela, izitshalo ngeke kudingeke zincintisane ngensimu futhi zizokwazi ukukhula ezimeni ezingcono. Amafreyimu wokutshala asetshenziselwa lawo macala lapho kudingeka khona ukumbozwa ngomhlabathi. Kodwa-ke, uma kusetshenziswa uhlelo olufana nephepha elimnyama lepulasitiki, ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo lingancishiswa cishe ngamamitha ayi-0.8.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuhlwanyela inkunzimalanga yomunga, kudingeka umanyolo wezimbiwa ongafakwa zombili ngesikhathi sesigaba sokulungiselela inhlabathi ukukhulisa izinto eziphilayo nangemva kokuhlwanyela. Zombili lezi zinketho ziyahambisana ngoba inhloso enkulu ukuthi amabhuloho ezitshalo ngaso sonke isikhathi anenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo kunalokho ayezokwazi ukukwenza ezimeni ezinhle. Ingahlala iminyaka eminingana emkhakheni wesihlalo lapho kufanele iguqule indawo yokulima. Kodwa-ke, idinga ukunikelwa okuqinile kukamanyolo wamaminerali ngesilinganiso esingaba amakhilogremu ayi-1.200 XNUMX ehektheleni ngalinye.
Uma sazi ukuthi inhlabathi icebile nge-potash, ayidingi mnikelo wale nto, ngakho-ke singasebenzisa olunye uhlobo lomanyolo wezimbiwa. Isibonelo, endaweni yethafa elivundile laseGuadalquivir uhlobo oluphelele lomquba aludingekile, njengoba lunenani elikhulu le-potash.
Phakathi kwemisebenzi yesondlo esithola ubukhali obomvu sinokuncipha kolayini ekutshaleni. Kumele kwenziwe uma zinamaqabunga ama-4 kuye kwangama-5 futhi kushiye ezinamandla kakhulu ukuze zikhule kahle futhi zingabi ngaphezu kwezimbili izitshalo ngenhloso yokutshala. Mayelana nokunisela, kuyisitshalo esibekezelela amanzi ngokulingene sigcwale usawoti. Iningi lokutshalwa kwalo lenziwa emiqolweni. Njengoba isitshalo esinentuthuko enkulu yamaphepha, sinesilinganiso esiphakeme sokuphefumula, ngakho-ke sizodinga ukuchelelwa njalo. Akufanele kube namanzi amaningi kakhulu, Uma kungenjalo, sigxila ekunikezeni amanzi ngendlela yokuthi inikeze umswakama odingekayo ohlelweni lwempande ngaphandle kokubangela izikhukhula.
Ukunisela kokuqala kunconywa ukuthi kwenziwe ngokushesha emva kokuhlwanyela. Lapho isitshalo sesizelwe, kufanele siphinde siniselwe. Ngale ndlela, sifinyelela ekutheni ubungozi busungulwe esikhathini esiyizinsuku eziyi-8-10 phakathi kwabo.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngokhula olubomvu nokulinywa kwalo.