Imbali yeSakura: isho ukuthini futhi inakekelwa kanjani?

Imbali ye-sakura iluphawu olwaziwa kakhulu lwesiko laseJapan (ngaphandle kwe-chrysanthemum), futhi enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu uma ngingasho njalo. Ikhiqizwa yizinhlobo ezintathu zezihlahla zohlobo lwePrunus, okulula ukuzinakekela njengoba zimelana nesithwathwa esikhulu.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi namaJapane enze umkhosi we I-Hanami, lapho bezinikele ekubhekeni amacembe entekenteke. Futhi kuphela emva kwalokho, unyaka wokufunda uqala.

Kusho ukuthini ukuqhakaza kwe-cherry noma i-sakura?

Izihlahla ezikukhiqizayo, njenge I-Prunus serrulata el I-Prunus subhirtella, zinqabile. Alahla amaqabunga ekwindla nasebusika, futhi angaphinde awabuyise kuze kube sentwasahlobo - kuya ngesimo sezulu, kwesinye isikhathi kuba sekupheleni kobusika kuphela, kepha kwezinye izikhathi kusanda kuqala ihlobo. EJapane, ihluma kusenesikhathi; empeleni, ngasekupheleni kwenyanga ka-Ephreli usuvele ubona umhlaba ugcwele amacembe awile.

Ngoba ihlala ivulekile isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, kufanekisela ubulula, ubumsulwa nokudlula kwempilo, kanye nobuhle bemvelo. Kepha uma siphenya okuthile okwengeziwe esikhathini esedlule saseJapan, sizobona ukuthi ama-samurais ayekhonza, aze afike ezingeni lokuthi akholelwa ukuthi amacembe amele amaconsi egazi achithwa ezimpini.

Iqhakaza nini?

I-cherry yaseJapane iqhakaza phakathi nenyanga kaMashi kuya ku-Ephreli Imvamisa, kepha njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, uma isimo sezulu sibanda kakhulu bangakwenza ngo-Ephreli / Meyi, futhi uma kufudumele kuya kuFebhuwari / Mashi. Okubalulekile ukuthi uthole ukunakekelwa okudingekayo ukuze uhlale uphilile. Lapha unolwazi ngakho.

Izinhlobo zama-cherry zaseJapan

Yize ungahle wazi eyodwa, ifayela le- I-Prunus serrulataKukhona ezinye izinhlobo zemithi ezimbili ezifanayo. Ukuze ubazi, ngezansi sizokhuluma ngamunye wabo:

I-Prunus serrulata

Kungumuthi wase-cherry waseJapan ngobuciko. Ivela eJapan, kepha itholakala naseChina naseKorea. Ikhula ize ifike kumamitha angu-6 futhi ithuthukisa isiqu esivamise ukuqonde, yize singasonteka ngokuguga. Umqhele wayo uyindilinga futhi ubanzi, unamagatsha okuvela kuwo amaqabunga e-ovate-lanceolate. Lezi ziluhlaza okotshani, ngaphandle kokuwa lapho ziba bomvu, ziphuzi noma zibomvu.

Izimbali zimhlophe noma zipinki, futhi zivela ngamaqoqo. Futhi isithelo siyi-drupe emnyama elinganisa ngamamilimitha ayi-10 ububanzi; yize izihlahla ezivame ukutholakala zithengiswa zifakelwe IPrunus avium futhi kunzima kubo ukuthela izithelo.

I-Prunus subhirtella

Kuyinhlobo yesihlahla esaziwa njenge-cherry ekhalayo noma ikwindla ekwindla. Ivela eJapane, lapho ibizwa khona nge-Edo higan. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungadlula amamitha angama-30, enomqhele obanzi futhi onabantu abaningi ngamaqabunga ama-oval naluhlaza. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga ahlume, ikhiqize izimbali ezimhlophe noma ezikhanyayo ezibomvana.

Yisitshalo esiqinile esingaboli kalula futhi esimelana nomoya. Lokhu kwenza kube isihlahla esidala kunazo zonke saseJapan, kusukela ingaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-2000. Okubi ukuthi ikhula kancane kakhulu.

I-Prunus x yedoensis

Yize kungaziwa kangako njengesihlahla secherry saseJapan, kungadida kakhulu. Eqinisweni, iyi-hybrid phakathi I-Prunus speciosa nezinhlobo esizibonile ngaphambili kwasekuqaleni kwaseJapan. Ikhula phakathi kwamamitha amabili kuya kwayishumi ukuphakama, futhi wethula umqhele oyindilinga. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, aphakathi nendawo, kanti izimbali zawo, ezimhlophe noma ezibomvana, zihluma entwasahlobo. Izithelo zingama-drupes angaba ngamamilimitha ayi-10 ububanzi anambitheka kamnandi.

Inesilinganiso sokukhula esisheshayo kune I-Prunus subhirtellaNgakho-ke, kuyathakazelisa ukukhula kulezo zivande abanikazi bazo abaphuthuma ukuba nomuthi omkhulu.

UPrunus sargentii

El UPrunus sargentii Ayaziwa njenge-cherry yaseJapan, yingakho siyibeka ekugcineni ohlwini, kepha kungahle kudideke. NgesiNgisi yaziwa njenge-cherry kaSargent, okungukuthi, i-cherry kaSargent. Ungumuthi odabuka eJapane, kanye naseKorea naseRussia. Ikhula phakathi kwamamitha amabili kuya kwayishumi ukuphakama, enomqhele obanzi ongafika kumamitha ayi-10. Inamaqabunga e-obovate naluhlaza okotshani, kodwa ekwindla ziphenduka zibe phuzi, zibe-orenji noma zibe bomvu. Izimbali zayo zihluma entwasahlobo, futhi zinombala obomvana kakhulu. Izithelo zingama-drupes amancane avame ukunganakwa.

Imelana nomoya, futhi ayifuni kakhulu. Iyabekezelela isomiso, futhi imvamisa ayinazo izinambuzane ezinkulu noma izifo. Kepha bekungeke kulungele ingadi yedolobha, njengoba ingameli ukungcola.

Isihlahla se-cherry saseJapan singaphila iminyaka emingaki?

Isikhathi sokuphila sincike ezintweni eziningana, kepha uma konke kuhamba kahle, kungafinyelela Iminyaka engu-100-200. Izinhlobo I-Prunus x subhirtella esikhundleni salokho ingaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-2000. Manje-ke manje uyazi: yiba nayo futhi ungayithokozela ... nezingane zakho, abashana kanye / noma abazukulu, okungenani.

Yini ukunakekelwa okudingeka isihlahla sakura?

Ukukhulisa i-cherry yaseJapan kungathakazelisa kakhulu, kepha okokuqala sincoma ukuthi uqhubeke ufunde ukuze wazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani:

• Indawo: yizitshalo okumele zibe ngaphandle, ukuze zikwazi ukubanika ilanga futhi zikhule kahle.
• Umhlaba:
  • Ingadi: bakhetha inhlabathi evundile, ene-esidi encane futhi ekhishwe kahle.
  • Ibhodwe: lingatshalwa ezimbizeni ezinama-substrate ezitshalo ezinomsoco (kuyathengiswa lapha).
• Ukunisela: empeleni bazoniselwa kanye ngesonto ebusika, bese kuthi izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezi-1 ngesonto unyaka wonke. Kepha uma lina njalo endaweni yakho, noma uma, ngokuphambene nalokho, ubona ukuthi inhlabathi yoma ngokushesha, kuzofanela ulungise imvamisa yokunisela izimo ezisendaweni lapho unesihlahla sakho.
• Umbhalisile: kungakuhle ukuthi uyikhokhe entwasahlobo-ehlobo, okungenani noma ngaphansi kwezinsuku eziyi-15, nge Umanyolo ophilayo.
• Isibindi: Isihlahla se-cherry saseJapan siyamelana nesithwathwa size sifike ku - 18ºC, kepha ngeke simelane nokushisa okukhulu.

Ubucabangani ngembali ye-sakura?