Izinyosi siyazazi njenge- imifino ye-rustic ekhetha inhlabathi ecebile, entsha njengokuchayeka elangeni eligcwele. Ama-beet ayingxenye yomndeni I-Chenopodiaceae ngokwesigaba sakudala noma futhi kusuka emndenini we-Amaranthaceae ngokuya ngezigaba ze-phylogenetic.
Ihlwanyelwa kanjani imbewu yebhungethi?
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlwanyela ama-beet, enye ukuhlwanyela emabhokisini kanti enye ngokuyihlwanyela ngqo emhlabathini.
Hlwanyela embhedeni wembewu
- Sigcwalisa ibhokisi 2/3 ngenhlabathi yokubumba bese siminyanisa ngobumnene nge-trowel.
- Sibeka i-glomeruli eshiya okungenani i-3 cm phakathi kukodwa.
- Simboza umbhede wembewu ngesihlungo nokuthinta kancane ngosizo lwethroweli.
- Sifutha amanzi ngosizo lwesifutho.
Lapho izithombo sezifike ku-10 cm noma lapho okungenani zinamaqabunga amahlanu okuqala, kufanele sizibeke phansi ngesikhala esingaba ngu-20 cm phakathi kwabo nokukhetha lezo ezinamandla amakhulu.
Hlwanyela emhlabathini
Ama-beet afana khetha inhlabathi epholile futhi evulekile, siqala ngokukhulula umhlabathi nge-grelinette kanye nezinga ngosizo lwehhuku. Sengeza, uma kunesidingo, umlotha omncane ngoba ama-beet akhetha i-potash. Uma isitshalo sidinga, sengeza umquba ovuthiwe noma umquba owenziwe kahle emiseleni.
Lokhu kutshalwa okwenziwa ngqo ku-inthanethi:
- Sivula imisele ejulile ngo-1 kuya ku-2 cm, enesikhala esihlukanisiwe ngama-25 kuye kuma-30 cm.
- Ngemuva kwalokho sihlwanyela i-glomerulus njalo ngama-5 cm.
- Simboza ngenhlabathi enhle bese sicindezela ngomhlane.
- Sifafaza kahle futhi sigcina umhlaba umanzi uze uphume.
- Lapho izithombo sezifike ku-10 cm noma zinamaqabunga amahlanu okuqala, okuyizikhondlakhondla kuzokhethwa futhi sizibeka esikhaleni esihlukanisiwe ngamasentimitha angama-20.
Ukuhlwanyela ama-beet nokuwafaka kabusha
I-Beetroot ivame ukutshalwa emhlabathini, kepha kulinywa kusenesikhathi kungcono kakhulu ukuyihlwanyela emabhokisini:
Ekutshaleni kokuqala, imbewu siyibeka ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari kuya ku-Ephreli emabhokisini amancane. Ukufakelwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngesikhathi sokutshala kokuqala endaweni, okusho ukuthi kungo-Ephreli, lokhu kuyindlela evumela isivuno kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi.
Lapho kulinywa ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya kuJulayi ngqo emhlabathini a isivuno esizokwenzeka kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba.
Ungavuna kanjani futhi ugcine izinyosi?
Okwesivuno sokuqala, kufanele sivune ama-beet ezinyangeni zikaMeyi kuya kuJulayi. Yisiphi isikhathi sokukhula, lona ngumsebenzi owenziwa phakathi kwezinyanga zikaJulayi no-Okthoba.
Abanye abalimi bavuna amaqabunga amancane ukuze badle kulokho okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-mezclum. Uma sinquma ukwenza lokhu, sidinga ukuqaphela ukuthi singaziqedi izitshalo ukuze zisakhe izimpande zazo.
Ukuze sikwazi ukugcina ama-beet ebusika bonke, kunconywa ukuthi sibagcine endaweni epholile futhi emnyama, njengendawo engaphansi komhlaba.
Ukwandisa ukongiwa kwebhungane nokugcina izimfanelo zokunambitheka ezihamba phambili, singangcwaba ama-beet ngaphansi kwesihlabathi esomile. Esimweni sezulu esipholile, zingagcinwa emhlabathini zivikelwe nje ngosizo lwe-mulch.
Izinambuzane nezifo ze-beet
I-Sigatoka yisifo sokukhunta esibangelwa yi- Isikhunta seCercospora beticola. Lokhu kujwayelekile futhi kubonakala ngamachashaza amancane angaphezulu kumaqabunga, anombala onsundu ngokumpunga ngombala futhi azungezwe umngcele obomvu. Amaqabunga athinteka kakhulu ayoma futhi afe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isibungu sebhitrudi esaziwa nangokuthi iPegomycete noma umvukuzi webhitrudi, yisifo lapho izibungu zimba zemibalabala emahlamvu. Kodwa-ke, lesi silokazane asijwayelekile kakhulu ezingadini zezithelo kunezilimo zasensimini.