Achiote: izici, ukunakekelwa nokuningi

I-Achiote isitshalo esiphelele impela: inenani elikhulu kakhulu lokuhlobisa, ngoba nayo ingatshalwa ngokungaqondakali embizeni nasenhlabathini, kungokwelashwa nokupheka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukunakekelwa kwayo kulula futhi ukuphindaphinda kwayo kushesha.

Yini enye ongayifuna? Ithokheni ekutshela konke ngaye? Kulungile lapho iya khona. 😉

Umsuka nezimpawu ze-achiote

I-protagonist yethu i-shrub esihlala siluhlaza esidabuka ezifundeni zaseMelika eziseMelika igama lazo lesayensi UBixa orellana. Njengoba lelo gama mhlawumbe lingakutsheli lutho, ngizokutshela ukuthi libizwa kanjani ngokujwayelekile: açafroa, urucú, onoto, bija, benis futhi yebo achiote. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-2-4, ikwazi ukufinyelela ku-6m. Umqhele wayo uphansi futhi weluliwe, kanti nesiqu sawo sinsundu ngombala. Igatsha phansi ngaphezulu komhlaba.

Amaqabunga alula, makhulu ngosayizi (6-27 x 4-19cm), anezikhala ezibushelelezi, ezihlanzekile, nemiphetho eluhlaza. Izimbali zivela kumaqoqo wokugcina ama-panicles, ubude obuyi-5-10cm, futhi ziyi-hermaphroditic., okungukuthi, inezingxenye zesilisa (ama-stamens) nezingxenye zabesifazane (ukucwaswa nama-ovules anama-ovari). Lezi zinombala obomvana noma omhlophe, kuye ngokuhlukahluka, futhi zikala u-3 kuye ku-6cm ububanzi.

Izithelo ziyi-capsule ebomvu, i-2 iye ku-6cm ubude, embozwe yizinwele eziwugqinsi nezicijile, okuluhlaza okotshani okumnyama kuya koku nsomi kuya ngohlobo lolo. Lapho seluvuthiwe, lujika lube nsundu ngokubomvu ngokubomvu. Ku-valve ngayinye kunezinhlamvu eziningi kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-50. Ngamunye wazo ucindezelwe, u-5mm ubude.

Uzinakekela kanjani?

Ngabe ufuna ukuyithola futhi uyinakekele ngendlela engcono kakhulu? Landela iseluleko sethu:

Indawo

I-Achiote isitshalo ukuthi kufanele ibekwe ngaphandle, kungaba elangeni eligcwele noma emthunzini omncane. Ezimweni lapho kuvela khona isithwathwa, ngesikhathi sekwindla-ebusika kufanele kube noma endlini egumbini elikhanyayo kakhulu, noma endlini yokugcina izithombo noma evikelwe ngepulasitiki ukuze kuyivikele emazingeni okushisa aphansi.

Inhlabathi noma i-substrate

ayifuni kakhulu. Ikhula kahle kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi, kepha uma itshalwe ebhodweni sincoma ukusebenzisa i-substrate enamapayipi amahle, njenge-peat emnyama exutshwe ne-perlite ukuze ikwazi ukugxila kangcono.

Ukunisela

Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo ehlobo, njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-3-4. Ukuphela konyaka, kufanele uwunisele amahlandla ama-2 noma ama-3 ngeviki, ukugwema ukuminyana kwamanzi. Uma igcinwa ebhodweni kunepuleti ngaphansi, amanzi amaningi ngokweqile kufanele asuswe emizuzwini eyishumi ngemuva kokuchelelwa.

Amanzi angcono kakhulu okunisela ngaso sonke isikhathi imvula, kodwa uma singeke siwathole, sizogcwalisa isitsha ngamanzi ompompi bese siyeka sime ubusuku bonke ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa.

Umbhalisile

Njengoba kuyisitshalo esinezithelo ezifanele ukudliwa ngabantu, kufanele sikhokhwe ngaso Umanyolo wemvelo. Uma isemhlabeni, singabeka ungqimba olungu-2-3cm ubukhulu umquba ovela esilwaneni esithile esidla imifino (Uma siyithola isha, kufanele siyishiye elangeni okungenani isonto), kepha uma isembizeni kungakuhle kakhulu ukuyifaka umanyolo owuketshezi, isitibhili, ngokulandela izinkomba ezichazwe kuphakheji.

Isikhathi sokutshala noma sokutshala kabusha

Isikhathi esikahle sokutshala engadini yile entwasahlobo (Ephreli-Meyi enyakatho Nenkabazwe, kanye no-Okthoba-Novemba esifundeni esiseningizimu). Uma unayo ebhodweni, kufanele uyihambise kuleyo engaba ngu-5cm ububanzi kunaleyo eyedlule njalo eminyakeni emibili.

Ukuphindaphinda

Iphindaphindeka ngezimbewu. Lapho nje bevuthwa (kusuka ngo-Agasti kuya kuDisemba enyakatho ye-hemisphere) bayaqoqwa bakhishwe ezithelweni. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele siwafake engilazini enamanzi amahora angama-24, bese siwahlwanyela ebhodweni noma ethreyini yesithombo nge-peat emnyama noma i-mulch.

Ukubeka umbhede wembewu emthunzini omncane, zizohluma cishe ezinyangeni ezimbili.

Isibindi

Izwela kakhulu emakhazeni. Amazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-0ºC akulimaza kabi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-achiote

Lesi sitshalo sinokusebenziseka okuningi, njengoba uzothola manje:

• Okwezokwelapha: ubuso bembewu bunokumbozwa okunenhlaka futhi okunamafutha okuqukethe i-pigment, eyaziwa njenge-annatto. I-Annatto isetshenziswa njenge-aphrodisiac yokufaka umbala wokudla ekuhloleni ushizi onjengeCheddar, imajarini, ibhotela, irayisi, inhlanzi ebhemayo futhi kwesinye isikhathi njengesinongo kuzindlela zokupheka ezahlukahlukene ezivela eMelika, eCanary Islands naseSoutheast Asia.
• UkwelaphaIzici zokwelapha ze-annatto yilezi: i-astringent, i-antiseptic, i-antibiotic, i-antiparasitic, isisu, i-antioxidant, i-expectorant, ukuphulukisa, i-anti-inflammatory, isisu, i-antigonorrheal, i-febrifuge, isisu. Ingasetshenziselwa ukulwa nekhanda, i-asthma, ukuvuvukala, i-dyspnea ne-pleurisy.
  • Imbewu yaphansi: isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isimungumungwane, ingxibongo, isifo sohudo nesifo sezinso.
  • Amaqabunga: asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zokuphefumula, izinhlungu zezinso, umkhuhlane, ukuhlanza okunegazi, i-angina, izifo zesikhumba, i-conjunctivitis kanye nokuvuvukala kwesikhumba.
• Umhlobiso: kuyisitshalo esihlobisa kakhulu esibukeka sisihle ezingadini nakuma-patio. Kungaba njengesibonelo esizimele noma ngamaqembu, uma sihlala endaweni efudumele, singaba nomuzi wethu oluhlaza ohlotshiswe kahle 😉.

Yenzelwe ini u-oyela?

Uwoyela otholakala ezimbewini zawo ufakwa kokhilimu, okokugcwala okunokhilimu, i-sunscreen nama-lip balms. Isiza ukuhlela kabusha izinwele nokuvikela isikhumba emisebeni ye-ultraviolet.

Ubuwazi ukuthi yini i-achiote futhi isetshenziselwa ini?