Njalo ngonyaka oqala isizini kufanele sizilungiselele ukulungisa ingadi. Ngokumisa ingadi siqonde konke lokhu okugoqela ukuthenwa, ukuhlanyela kanye lokuvundisa, phakathi kokunye. Kuneminye imisebenzi efana nobhalisile engaziwa kakhulu. Nini futhi indlela yokuvundisa ingadi Kungaba yisici esinqumayo ukuthi izitshalo zethu zikhule zisesimweni esihle.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele ukuthi ungayivundisa nini futhi kanjani ingadi nokuthi yini okufanele uyicabangele ukuze ukwenze ngendlela efanele.
Indlela yokuvundisa ingadi yokuhlwanyela
Ukuvundisa noma ukwenza ubulongwe isenzo sokulungisa inhlabathi ngengxube ye-substrate ukuze inothe ngemisoco ekhuthaza ukukhula. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi isihlahla asidingi ababhalisile abafana nemifino, kanye nezidingo zokunisela zihlukile, ngakho-ke kufanele siqaphele kakhulu lapho sicabangela ukuthi yiziphi izitshalo okufanele sizitshale, ngoba izidingo zabo zizohluka.
Ukwenza umquba kuwumsebenzi olula kakhulu ohlanganisa ukuhlanganisa imisoco emqubeni nomhlabathi ovundile ozotshalwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxuba umanyolo kahle futhi unikeze umthamo ongcono kakhulu wezimpawu zezitshalo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zababhalisile:
- Kungcwatshwe: Gcoba umquba phansi ukuze umhlabathi uzombiwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuwugcina ugqitshwe futhi uxutshwe. (Uma usebenzisa umquba ngaphandle kokubola, kwenze ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala.) Amalitha angu-7-10 omquba ngemitha yesikwele kwanele. Uma kuwumquba oqinile njengomquba wezinkukhu, kunconywa ukunciphisa amalitha angu-1-3 ngemitha yesikwele.
- Ngaphezulu: fafaza umquba phezu komhlabathi, futhi imvelo ngokwayo (amanzi emvula) izoletha umsoco ezimpandeni. Lolu hlobo lomquba, olubizwa nangokuthi i-mulch, lusebenza kahle kakhulu emahlathini. Akunconyelwe inhlabathi enesihlabathi, futhi akunconywa ukusetshenziswa komanyolo ophuma ezinyonini ngoba uzoshintsha i-pH yomhlabathi futhi wenze umhlabathi ube ne-asidi.
Indlela yokuvundisa ingadi yezitshalo ezahlukene
Kusentwasahlobo, sekuyisikhathi sokutshala ama-aubergines, upelepele noma utamatisi ehlobo, lezi zitshalo zidinga umanyolo omuhle ngoba zisebenzisa imisoco eningi. Njengoba sesivele sethule futhi siyazazi izinkinga obhekene nazo, sizonquma ukuthi ungayivundisa nini ingadi yakho ngokusekelwe ezitshalweni ofuna ukuzitshala.
Lapho ukuvundisa ezisawolintshi
Izithelo ezisawolintshi zidinga umanyolo omningi, ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukukhulisa amawolintshi, amagilebhisi, noma ama-tangerine adinga umanyolo omningi, kufanele ukunake lokhu. Kulokhu, ukwazi ukuthi ungayivundisa nini i-citrus, Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi uma bengenawo i-magnesium, kuyadingeka ukuthi baphinde bafakwe umquba. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuvundisa izithelo ze-citrus intwasahlobo nehlobo.
Ukuthenga umanyolo ophelele wezithelo ezisawolintshi onobuningi be-NPK (18-6-6) kuzohlinzeka ngezinto ezibalulekile kanye namanani anele ezithelo ezisawolintshi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokudla okunomsoco kwezithelo ezisawolintshi.
Vundisa izihlahla zezithelo
Uma sinengadi encane yasemadolobheni noma sikhule izihlahla zezithelo, khona-ke umanyolo osebenza kahle kakhulu yi-vermicompost. Akungabazeki ukuthi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuvundisa izihlahla zezithelo intwasahlobo nehlobo; ngoba lesi yisikhathi sonyaka lapho izihlahla zakho zezithelo zidinga umsoco owengeziwe ukuze ziqhubeke zikhula futhi zithela izithelo ezinhle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma izihlahla zakho zezithelo zithela izithelo ekwindla, kungase futhi kube umqondo omuhle ukwengeza umquba wasengadini ngalesi sikhathi.
Lapho ukuvundisa utshani
Okokugcina, sizophinde sikunikeze amathiphu ukuze wazi ukuthi uzovundisa nini utshani bakho, njengoba kudinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile kakhulu ukuba notshani obuluhlaza nobuqinile. Ngokuqondene notshani, Kubalulekile ukukhokha izikhathi ezi-3 ngonyaka: entwasahlobo, ehlobo futhi ekugcineni ekwindla.
Ukuthola utshani obukhulu, sivame ukutusa ukusetshenziswa komanyolo okhishwa kancane, ozothuthukisa umphumela wawo. Kukhona amanye ama-fertilizer okuvimbela ukubukeka kwe-moss. I-moss ingenye yezinkinga eziyinhloko zotshani. I-moss ingacwiliswa yi-moss futhi ayikwazi ukukhanya ngokujwayelekile.
Yilokho kuphela, sifuna ukuthi ucace kakhudlwana ukuthi ungayivundisa nini ingadi yakho nokuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo okufanele isetshenziswe ngokuya ngezitshalo noma izitshalo ezizotshalwa.
Izinhlobo zababhalisile
Kuqala
Ukulungiswa noma ukugaywa kabusha kwama-substrate amadala kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kufake inani elikhulu lomquba esikhundleni somsoco osetshenziswe izitshalo zangaphambilini. Kuleli phuzu, Kuhle ukusebenzisa umquba, umquba noma i-vermicompost, ikakhulukazi emabhodweni ahlanganiswe kakhulu. Into yokuqala eyenziwayo ukususa ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-substrate (ingenalutho ngokwengxenye ukuze ukwazi ukwenza okufanayo ne-substrate engezansi) ukuze, ekugcineni, yonke i-substrate igxilwe futhi ikhululwe.
Ngemva kwalokho, umquba wengezwe engxenyeni yesithathu engenhla yebhodwe futhi ugovuze kancane ukuze uxutshwe ne-substrate. Uma uqala ukulima, izimpande zezitshalo zizoqala ukukhula endaweni, futhi lapho zifika phansi, umquba ngokwawo uzoqala ukushona phansi, lapho ungatholakala khona.
Okwesondlo
Singayithola isesimweni esiqinile noma esiwuketshezi, futhi kuyadingeka ukusungula umjikelezo (imvamisa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili) ukuyihlinzeka ngamanzi okunisela. Abanye abantu bawubiza ngomanyolo olinganiselayo ngoba unikeza zonke izakhamzimba ngephesenti elifanayo, futhi sizowengeza kusukela emasontweni ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili okuqala kulinywa. Kuyadingeka ngemuva kwesikhashana esifushane ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, ngoba izitshalo ngeke zizidle kuphela ngobuningi, kodwa. Azophinde alahleke ngemigodi yokukhipha amanzi.
Kweminye imifino, umnikelo wamasonto amabili wanele ukuqedela umjikelezo wabo, ngakho-ke singakhetha ukusebenzisa umanyolo ofanayo (humus, umquba noma umanyolo wokuqala) njengasekuqaleni. Kwanele ukuyifaka phezulu bese ugoqa kancane ukuze uyixube namanzi okunisela, ngoba kungathatha isikhathi esifushane kakhulu ukuvuna le mifino.
Okucacile
Kwesinye isikhathi imfihlo engaqondakali kahle ukuqiniswa okufanele kwezitshalo ukuzikhuthaza ukuthi zikhule ngokuphindwe kabili, kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu umanyolo ocebile nge-potassium, okungenye yezinto ezinkulu ezidingekayo ukuze izitshalo zichume. Umnikelo ofanayo owengeziwe uyinto izitshalo eziyoyijabulela ngoba zizophila isikhathi eside engadini yethu. Sizothola amafomula ahlukene emakethe ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zazo ngayinye.
Umanyolo uwukudla kwezitshalo, Yilokho ngempela okwenza izitshalo zikhule, zichume futhi ezinothisa izithelo zazo; amandla okubenza babe nempilo ukudla okunempilo nokunokulinganisela. Lapho izinambuzane zivela, izitshalo ezinomsoco ofanele zihlale zinamandla, futhi sivame ukukhohlwa ngazo.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokuvundisa ingadi.