Ingadi yaseRoyal Botanical yaseMadrid

Uma uthanda ingadi kanye / noma i-botany ngokujwayelekile, ngincoma ukuthi uyovakashela ingadi yezitshalo ... Uzozijabulisa useyingane! Uma uvela eSpain noma uhlela ukuza, kufanele wazi ukuthi okunye okubaluleke kakhulu yi Ingadi yaseRoyal Botanical yaseMadrid.

Ubuzelani. Baningi abanye, kepha iqiniso ukuthi bambalwa abanomlando omningi kangaka ngemuva kwabo. Ngenkathi usacabanga ukuthi uhambe noma cha, Ngiyakumema ukuba uhlanganyele nami ukuze sihlangane naye kulesi sihloko 🙂.

Yini iRoyal Botanical Garden yaseMadrid?

Yize igama layo liyikhomba, kungashiwo nokuthi iyisikhungo socwaningo lwesayensi, ikakhulukazi i-botany. Njengamanje ivela kuMkhandlu Ophakeme Wezocwaningo Lwezesayensi (CSIC). Yasungulwa yiKing Fernando VI ngo-Okthoba 17, 1755 eSoto de Migas Calientes, eduze noMfula iManzanares, kodwa iNkosi uCarlos III yayalela ukuthi idluliselwe, ngo-1781, iye ePaseo del Prado, okuyilapho ikhona namuhla.

Uyini umlando wayo?

Umlando weRoyal Botanical Garden yaseMadrid kuqala ngo-1755, lapho iNkosi uFernando VI eyisungula osebeni loMfula iManzanares. Cishe ngaleso sikhathi ube nezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-2000, ezaqoqwa ngusosayensi wezitshalo nohlinzayo ogama lakhe linguJosé Quer ekuhambeni kwakhe kokubili enhlonhlweni naseYurophu.

Njengoba zaziziningi izitshalo nendawo yayilinganiselwe, UCarlos III wayala ukuthi adluliselwe ePaseo del Prado. Futhi wayengeyedwa. Usosayensi uCasimiro Gómez Ortega wayengomunye walabo ababambe iqhaza kulo msebenzi wokwakha, futhi undunankulu wakhe, i-Count of Floridablanca, sicabanga ukuthi nakho kusiza ngoba ngemuva kwemisebenzi ngeke kugcotshwe iHholo lePrado kuphela, kepha futhi (futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke ) ngoba le ndawo izosebenza 'njengesipho' uma kukhulunywa ngeSayensi Nobuciko, nakubo bonke labo ababenomsebenzi ohlobene nabo.

Phakathi konyaka we-1774 nowe-1781, okwakungunyaka wokugcina ukwethulwa kwawo, kwenziwa iphrojekthi yokuqala, kusatshalaliswa le Ngadi ngamazinga amathathu nengxenye yendawo ebiyelwe, lapho iPuerta Real igqame khona. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, Phakathi kuka-1785 no-1789, uJuan de Villanueva, wenza iphrojekthi yesibili eyayithatha amahektha ayishumi asatshalaliswa ngamazinga amathathu ivumelaniswe nezici zezwe.

Amasimu amabili aphansi, abizwa ngamaTable kanye neZikole zeBotanical, ahlala namuhla njengoba ayakhiwa, kepha engenhla, ITerrace yeNdiza Yembali, yavuselelwa ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye yayinika ubuhle bezitshalo obengeziwe.

Njenganoma iyiphi ingadi yangempela yezitshalo ebiza usawoti wayo, ngaleso sikhathi yayivele inemidwebo nemifanekiso yezitshalo, imbewu, izithelo, izitshalo eziphilayo, umtapo wezincwadi, amaqoqo esayensi, njalonjalo. Yonke le ndawo ivikelwe yisigodi sensimbi esihle.

Izindaba

Yize isidlule kokuningi (yalahlekelwa amahektha amabili ngo-1882 ngoba beyidinga ukwakha uMnyango Wezolimo, yahlaselwa yisiphepho ngo-1886 eyadiliza izihlahla ezingama-564 zenani elikhulu, kwathi ngo-1893 yalahlekelwa enye indawo ngoba yayisetshenziselwa ukuvula umgwaqo wabathengisi bezincwadi, manje osaziwa ngokuthi uCuesta de Claudio Moyano), iqiniso ukuthi ingaziqhayisa ngokuba ngenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu eYurophu.

Ngo-1939 yathembela kwi-CSIC, futhi ngo-1947 kwathiwa yiNational Monument. Ngo-1974 savalwa okwesikhashana njengoba kwakuyisikhathi sokubuyisa isitayela saso sokuqala, esanikwa abakhi bezakhiwo u-Antonio Fernánmdez Alba noGuillermo Sánchez Gil; ULeandro Silva Delgado, wayengumnakekeli wezwe owayephethe ukuhlobisa izingadi.

Ngakho-ke okwamanje iqukethe cishe izinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu zezitshalo kusukela emhlabeni jikelele.

Yini esingayithola kulowo nalowo masimu?

Ithala Lemidwebo

Lapha uzokujabulela amaqoqo engadi, okwelapha, izitshalo ezinamakha, ama-antique rose bushes, i-horticultural ezungezwe ibhokisi uthango. Ekupheleni kokuhamba okuphakathi nendawo bane-rockery.

Ithala Lezikole Zezitshalo

Itholakele ukuqoqwa kwentela kwezinye izitshalo, kuhlelwe yimindeni. Zitholakala cishe emithonjeni eyishumi nambili ekuvumela ukuthi uvakashele umhlaba wezitshalo wazi kusuka ezinhlotsheni zakudala kakhulu kuye kwezanamuhla kakhulu.

Ithala LeNdiza Yezimbali

Kukhona eyodwa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezihlahla nezihlahla lokho kubonakala kungalandeli umyalo. Ehlangothini olusenyakatho banesakhiwo esibamba ukushisa esibizwa ngokuthi i-Graells greenhouse, okuyilapho kuhlala khona izitshalo ezishisayo nezasemanzini, futhi eceleni kwaso, esikhulu futhi sesimanjemanje esisetshenziswa njengombukiso. Lezi zokugcina zihlukaniswe izindawo ezintathu ezihlukene (ezishisayo, ezipholile kanye nogwadule), ngasinye sinezitshalo ezithile.

Ithala lamaLaureles

Kungezwe njengesandiso ngo-2005, futhi kuhloselwe ukufaka amaqoqo akhethekile, njengebhonsai eyanikelwa nguMongameli wangaphambili uFelipe González.

Okuningi ngeRoyal Botanical Garden yaseMadrid

Ngaphezu kwamasimu amahle anezindikimba, futhi banamaqoqo amaningi esayensi. Enye yazo i-herbarium, eqoqa amashidi acishe abe yisigidi; omunye umtapo wolwazi kanye nomlando, oqukethe izincwadi ezingama-30 zezitshalo, izihloko ezingama-2075 zokushicilelwa ngezikhathi ezithile, izihloko ezingama-3000 microfiche, amabalazwe angu-2500 26 nezincwajana ezingama-XNUMX noma ama-run runs; kanye nebhange le-germplasm, okuyilapho begcina khona imbewu abaziqoqele yona futhi bayashintshana ngayo nezinye izikhungo emhlabeni.

Eminye yezincwadi zesayensi ezaziwa kakhulu yilezi:

• Izimemezelo zeBotanical Garden yaseMadrid: okuwumagazini oshicilela izindatshana eziphathelene nezitshalo, kanye nemikhakha ehlobene nayo efana ne-bioinformatics, ecophysiology, njll.
• Izimbali zase-Iberia: incwadi ekhuluma ngezitshalo ezinemithambo yemvelo ezizalelwa eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia naseziQhingini zaseBalearic.

Amahora wokuvula weRoyal Botanical Garden yaseMadrid nentengo yokungena

Uma ufuna ukuyokuyibona, kufanele uye ePlaza de Murillo inombolo 2, eMadrid. Ungafika lapho nge-metro evela e-Estación del Arte. Uhlelo lumi kanje:

• Kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari: kusukela ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-18 ntambama kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya ngeSonto.
• Mashi nango-Okthoba: kusuka ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-10 ekuseni kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya ngeSonto.
• Ephreli nangoSepthemba: kusuka nge-10 ekuseni kuya ku-20pm kusuka ngoMsombuluko kuya ngeSonto.
• Kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti: kusuka ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-21 ebusuku kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya ngeSonto.

Ngokuqondene nezintengo, zingokulandelayo:

• Abantu abadala: ama-euro ayisithupha
• Abafundi nabantu abadala abavela emindenini emikhulu: ama-4 euros
• Ngaphezulu kwama-65s: 2,50 euro.
• Ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-18: mahhala.

Ukuya kwamanye ama-workshops abawenzayo, kufanele uhlole ishejuli kanye nentengo.

Kujabulele!