Uphizi Ziyimidumba ekhula ezindaweni ezipholile kusukela ekwindla kuye entwasahlobo. Ziyaziwa futhi zisetshenziswa ku-gastronomy emhlabeni jikelele. Igama layo lesayensi ngu I-Pisum sativum. Bakhula izitshalo ezinekhono lokulungisa i-nitrogen emhlabathini ziyamangalisa. Inezindawo eziningi zokudla okunomsoco futhi eziwusizo ekudleni okunothile ngemifino.
Uma ufuna ukufunda ukuthi ungakhulisa kanjani ipea futhi wazi zonke izici, izinambuzane nezifo ezingalihlasela, qhubeka ufunde 🙂
Izici eziyinhloko
Uphizi ungadliwa usanda kusaladi kanye nakulayisi, isobho, ama-stir-fries nezitshulu. Inokuqukethwe okuhle kumaphrotheni, i-calcium namavithamini C. Ingatshalwa ekhaya ngokuphelele ku khulisa itafula noma ku ingadi yasekhaya.
Yisitshalo seminyaka yonke se-herbaceous esingafinyelela kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Ukuzivuna kahle, akuvunyelwe ukuthi zikhule isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zikaphizi ezivame ukutshalwa. Yilawo akhula kancane nalawo asakazeka sengathi kungumvini. Impande yawo ithuthukile impela futhi neziqu zayo zincane.Zikhula ngemiklamo eyindilinga futhi zisize izitshalo ezizungezile ukuthi zibambe izakhiwo.
Izithelo zawo umvini we phakathi kuka-3,5 no-15 cm ubude ilenga kuze kufike kumbewu eyi-11 eyindilinga, ebushelelezi noma eshwabene. Ama-peas angaba luhlaza okotshani, ophuzi, onsundu, obomvu ngokusawolintshi, amachashazi, kanye ne-beige
Ukulima ipea
Ama-peas adinga isimo sezulu esinamazinga okushisa aphansi ukuze achume. Isikhathi esihle sokuzikhulisa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekwindla ukukwazi ukuwavuna kahle ebusika. Yize ithanda isimo sezulu esipholile, ayikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa afudumele, ngakho-ke kufanele siyivikele. Uma indawo lapho sizotshala khona imvamisa inamakhaza, kungcono ukwenze inyanga ngaphambi kweqhwa lokugcina.
Lesi sitshalo sidinga uhlobo lomhlabathi olukhululekile, olunamapayipi amahle kanye nomanyolo wekhwalithi. Umquba ungasetshenziselwa ukuwondla kahle. Ingahlwanyelwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kepha kufanele i-rukusabalalisa ubuncane bokujula okungama-30 cm. Imibhede yokulima kanye neziqukathi zilungele uphizi okhulayo.
Imbewu yepea icishe ibe yingxenye yesentimitha ngosayizi futhi umbala wayo uvame ukuba mhlophe noma ube nsundu ngokukhanyayo. Ikhuliswa kusetshenziswa indlela yokuhlwanyela ngqo, yize kuvunyelwe futhi ukutshala embhedeni wembewu. Ukufeza ukuhlwanyela, imisele emibili emaphakathi imakwe ngokuhlukaniswa okungaba ngamasentimitha ayi-15 kanye nokujula kwama-2-3 cm. Okulandelayo, imbewu ibekwa maqondana nebanga elingaba ngu-10 cm phakathi kweyodwa. Uma isendaweni, imisele iyambozwa futhi iyaniselwa.
Uma sikwenza enkulisa, kubalulekile ukuthi i-substrate ibe nomanyolo omuhle kanye nemisele yokugwema izikhukhula noma ukushoda kwezakhamzimba. Sifaka imbewu ngamasentimitha amabili ukujula ukugcina indawo inomswakama. Isithombo kufanele sitshalwe kabusha lapho sifinyelela ukuphakama cishe ngamasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili. Uma izimpande zihlanganiswe kakhulu, singazisika kancane bese sizibeka ku-zigzag.
Izitshalo zepea zizwela kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuqoqwa kwalo kwenziwa ngezandla ukuze kungalimazi isakhiwo. Isivuno sizomiswa, ngakho-ke sizoba namasonto amaningana okukhiqizwa.
Ukunakekelwa okudingekayo
Ama-peas adinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukugcina zonke izimo zawo ezifanele. Uma sifuna ukuba nomphumela omuhle, kungakuhle ukuthi simanzise imbewu ngobusuku obubodwa ngaphambi kokuyihlwanyela. Ngale ndlela bazoba nokuhluma okuhle.
Lezi zeluleko zizokusiza ugcine ipea yakho iphilile futhi ikhule kahle:
- Lapho isitshalo sikhula ngaphezu kuka-15 cm, singakwazi hlanganisa amagatsha emagezeni ukuze iziqu zingahlali zikhululekile.
- Singathatha ezinye izitshalo zasehlathini ukuzihlanganisa nophizi futhi sisebenzise isikhala.
- Uma sigcina inhlabathi ihlanzekile ngaphandle kokhula, sizogwema izinambuzane noma izifo.
- Ukugcina inhlabathi imanzi lapho isitshalo sikhula cishe ngo-30 cm ubude, singasebenzisa i-mulch noma i-padding.
- Ukuqapha okuhle kuyisikhali esihle kakhulu sokulwa nezinambuzane nezifo. Kungcono ukutshala imali ekuvikeleni kunokuzuza okuthile okungenakubuyiselwa.
- Uma lina kakhulu noma isichotho siwela, kungakuhle ukuthi ubavikele. Kufanele zibekwe kumeshini noma odongeni. Kuyafana lapho amazinga okushisa ehla.
- Singazihlanganisa nezinye izitshalo ezifana nama-radishes, itheniphu, ikhukhamba, ummbila kanye nezaqathe. Noma kunjalo, akukuhle ukuwabeka eduze kuka-anyanisi, oskhalanga nogalikhi.
Ilukuluku ukuthi izimbali zepea zithanda ukuheha izinambuzane ezizuzisa ingadi.
Izinhlupho nezifo
Uma ingabhekwa futhi inakekelwe kahle, ipea lingabhekana nezifo nezinambuzane. Phakathi kwalokhu sithola:
Ukulimala okumhlophe nomlotha
Lezi yizifo ezimbili ezibonakala kalula. Ziyakha ezinye izindawo ezimhlophe eziyimpuphu emaqabungeni nasemidumba. Imvamisa kwenzeka lapho amazinga okushisa ephakeme kakhulu, ngoba ikhetha isimo sezulu esipholile.
Ukugwema lesi sifo, kufanele unakekele kahle ukuchelela futhi uvikele amaqabunga ekubeni manzi. Uma amaqabunga enomswakama ngokweqile, athambekele ekulimaleni okumhlophe. Ukulawula lesi sifo, amaqabunga athintekile kufanele asuswe njengoba esakazeka kalula emoyeni futhi angangcolisa ezinye izitshalo.
Izintwala
Lesi silokazane sidla kakhulu ubisi lwesitshalo bese sidala izifo. Uma singavikelwe noma sinakekelwe ngesikhathi, singalahlekelwa yisitshalo. Singakwazi geza amahlamvu ngensipho ebolayo kanye namanzi ukuqeda lezi zinambuzane. Elinye ikhambi ukusebenzisa izilwane ezidla ezinye ezifana nama-ladybugs ahehwa yizimbali ezisengadini yethu.
Abavukuzi beLeaf
Lesi sinambuzane sakha imibukiso eseqabunga lesitshalo. Ziyizibungu ezisusa isikhala esitshalweni ukwenza i-photosynthesis. Uma sifuna ukuqeda lesi silokazane, kufanele sigaxe izibungu eziseqabunga ukuze zingathuthuki. Esimweni lapho betheleleka khona, ungasebenzisa futhi uhlobo oluthile lwe-pesticide.
Ngalezi zeluleko ungaba nophizi wakho uphilile futhi uwavikele ekuthintekeni yizilokazane nezifo ezingaba khona.