Abantu abaningi bafuna ukufunda indlela yokukhulisa izihlahla zezithelo zamatshe asebhodweni. Nakuba ekuqaleni kubonakala kuwumbono ophambene, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezingatshalwa ngokuphelele ebhodweni inqobo nje uma zinokunakekelwa okudingekayo. Kulesi simo, sizogxila ekutsheleni ukuthi yiziphi ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla sepentshisi ebhodweni.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kulesi sihloko sizochaza konke ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla sepentshisi embizeni, yiziphi izici zayo nokuthi yiziphi izici okufanele uzicabangele ukuze zibe nempilo.
Yini isihlahla samapentshisi esincanyana
EIpentshisi isihlahla esincane sezithelo, nakuba ezinye izinhlobo zingafinyelela amamitha ayisithupha ukuphakama. Amaqabunga awo alula, aluhlaza okotshani, futhi izimbali zibomvana ukuya kobomvu. Isithelo siyipentshisi, esinenhliziyo eyimbewu, sivunwa ehlobo. Izihlahla ezinezimpande ezingenalutho zingatshalwa ngasekupheleni kwekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kanti izihlahla ezitshalwe ezitsheni zingatshalwa unyaka wonke. Nakuba uma unenketho, isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokutshala sisekwindla.
Ukukhula kwezihlahla zezithelo zamatshe asetsheni akunakwenzeka. Kuyenzeka ngisho nakakhulukazi, inqobo nje uma ukhetha izinhlobonhlobo ezifanele. Ngempela, uma ukhula i-peach yakudala embizeni, ngokuqinisekile uzodumazeka ngokushesha. Lapho izimpande zakho zizizwa zishwabene, umuthi uzogcina uhlephule ibhodwe. Futhi, izithelo zakho zizoba zincane futhi zibe zincane kunokuvamile.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba ukutshala izitsha kudinga izimpande zesihlahla ukuze zibhekane nenani elincane lenhlabathi etholakalayo. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobonhlobo zamapentshisi amancane aziwa ngokuthi ipentshisi elincane liyadingeka. Ama-classic kakhulu yi: Bonanza noma i-Suncrest.
Isihlahla samapentshisi esincanyana okokuqala futhi esiyinhloko sidalwa umuntu. Izinhlanzi ezincane, empeleni ziyi-graft yezinhlobonhlobo zakudala, ezaziwa ngekhwalithi yezithelo zayo, kusiphunzi (isistimu yezimpande) eqinisekisa intuthuko encishisiwe.
Ngakho ngombono, i-minnow ingalindela ukuvuna u-2-3kg wamapentshisi (ubukhulu obujwayelekile) lapho isihlahla sisesincane futhi singaphezu kuka-5 kg lapho sesivuthiwe. Ngokulandelayo, ubukhulu bayo ngeke budlule u-1,50 m ukuphakama x 1 m ububanzi.
Izizathu zokutshala isihlahla samapentshisi esincanyana
Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphezulu zokutshala isihlahla samapentshisi esincanyana ebhodweni:
- Ngoba ingadi yakho ayincane kakhulu ezihlahleni ezinkulu zezithelo, noma umane ungenayo ingadi. Ivulandi noma kuvulandi kwanele.
- Ngoba futhi ungakwazi ukukhokhela ukwakha ingadi mini eduze kwendlu, isibonelo kuvulandi, ukukha izithelo uma kunesidingo. Ngisho noma usunayo ingadi emhlabathini.
- Ngoba ukukhula ebhodweni kunenzuzo enkulu ekukhuleni emhlabathini. Le nzuzo ibangelwa ukuthi izimbali zayo zizwela isithwathwa futhi ukuyigcina ebhodweni kwenza kube lula ukuyikhipha emakhazeni amakhulu ekupheleni kobusika, njengokungathi ngokumelene nodonga olubheke eningizimu. Okufanayo kwenzeka entwasahlobo, uma isimo sezulu sinemvula ikakhulukazi futhi sipholile, gcina isihlahla sepentshisi endaweni eyomile, ezosindisa amahlamvu esihlahla samapentshisi. Njengoba cishe usuvele uqonda, lokhu kumayelana nokususa noma yikuphi ukucutshungulwa okwenziwe esihlahleni ukuze ekugcineni silawule umkhiqizo esiwusebenzisayo kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni. Ngakho, u-icing ekhekheni, awudingi noma yimuphi usayizi ukuze uthele izithelo.
Ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla samapentshisi asebhodweni
Amapentshisi ayizithelo ezinhle futhi eziqabulayo ezivela ezihlahleni ezivuthuluka. Njengamanje kunezinhlobo zamapentshisi amancane alungele izitshalo zebhodwe ezinesivuno esikhulu samapentshisi. Ngaphezu kwesithelo sazo esimangalisayo, izihlahla zamapentshisi ezisebhodweni zisinikeza izimbali ezinhle.
Ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko kwesihlahla samapentshisi asebhodweni kuyefana nokwezinye izihlahla zezithelo ezisebhodweni:
- Kufanele sikubeke endaweni enelanga. Isimo sezulu esikahle sesihlahla samapentshisi yisimo sezulu esipholile esinamaqhwa ambalwa ebusika, kanti nakuba simelana nesithwathwa, isithelo saso singonakala ngenxa yokubanda.
- Umhlabathi okahle wokukhulisa isihlahla samapentshisi une-asidi, unomoya omuhle futhi ukhanyiswe kahle. Entwasahlobo, kufanele sivundise izihlahla zamapentshisi.
- Ukunisela kwalesi sihlahla sesithelo kwenziwa masonto onke ehlobo futhi njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ebusika.njalo kulinganiselwa.
- Izihlahla zamapentshisi zithenwa ekwindla noma ebusika, futhi kufanele sihlole ukuthi isithelo siyawaphula amagatsha awo ngenxa yesisindo. Esimweni esinjalo, sizosika ukunciphisa isisindo, ngaleyo ndlela sigweme ukuphuka okungenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizokwenza ukusika okuhlanzekile.
- Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ezihlahleni zamapentshisi i-aphid, intwala yaseSan José kanye nesicabucabu esibomvu, ngokwezifo, i-powdery mildew kanye nochoko lwamapentshisi.
Isihlahla sezithelo zesimo sezulu esipholile futhi sidinga ukuchelelwa njalo nokuvundiswa. Entwasahlobo, susa ungqimba lokuqala lwe-substrate futhi esikhundleni salo ufake umquba omusha. Kuhlanganisa ukukhululwa kancane futhi okuphelele umanyolo we-granular onenani elincane lomquba.
Lapho ziqhakaza, zivundise masonto onke ngomanyolo wezitshalo zikatamatisi. Pvikela izitshalo emvuleni yasekupheleni kukabusika nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuze uvimbele izinkinga zokuqunjelwa, futhi uma kunengozi yesithwathwa, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezincane, zimboze ngemicu yoboya.
I-Verticillium wilt isifo esivamile sezihlahla zamapentshisi, kodwa kulula ukuselapha. Kwanele ukusebenzisa izakhi ezidingekayo ngokusebenzisa umanyolo othize. Nakuba ngeshwa akusona isifo kuphela, zingase zihlaselwe izifo fungal ezifana amazinyo, i-candidiasis, ukugqwala, okuphuzi kwepentshisi… kanye nezinambuzane ezifana nezimpukane, izicabucabu ezibomvu noma ama-aphid.
Ngokuqondene nokusabalalisa, kungenziwa ngembewu kanye nokuxhunyelelwa. Ngembewu isetshenziselwa kuphela ukwakha izinhlobo ezintsha, njengoba ukutshala isithelo kwenza buthaka isihlahla samapentshisi futhi kushwabane izimbali. Ngokwalesi sizathu, ukusabalalisa cishe njalo kwenziwa ngokuxhunyelelwa kwehlumela eziphunzini zempande ezitholakala embewini.
Njengoba ubona, kunezimo ezihlukahlukene lapho kukhululeka futhi kuthakazelisa ukutshala isihlahla sepentshisi embizeni. Nokho, kubalulekile ukwazi kahle ukuthi kuyini ukunakekelwa kwaso ukuze isitshalo sikhule esimweni esihle. Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwesihlahla se-peach esibunjiwe.