I-Algarrobo: izici, ukulima nokunakekelwa

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihlahla esinezithelo zaso ezaziwayo futhi ezentengiselwano. Kumayelana ne-carob. Igama layo lesayensi ngu ICeratonia siliqua futhi kuyisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza. Isithako sikashokolethi esibizwa nge-carob sikhishwa kubhontshisi we-carob futhi sisetshenziselwa ukwenza amaswidi noshokholethi kwabanesifo sikashukela.

Ngabe ufuna ukwazi ukuthi ikhula kanjani i-carob nokuthi inaziphi izakhiwo?

I-carob

Isihlahla se-carob sihlahla esijwayelekile sendawo yaseMedithera esikwaziyo finyelela ekuphakameni okungafika kumamitha ayi-10. Amaqabunga esihlahla se-carob asetshenziswe njengesidlo semfuyo isikhathi eside. Kungashiwo ukuthi lesi sihlahla sisebenzisa yonke into, kwazise izinkuni zaso zisetshenziselwa nokwenza ifenisha yezandla kanye nezinkuni zomlilo.

Indawo enesimo sezulu saseMedithera eSpain Yilapho lolu hlobo lomuthi lukhona kakhulu. Umkhiqizi wesibili yiPortugal, yize iGrisi neMorocco nazo zikhiqiza ngezinga elikhulu.

Njengoba kungumuthi ohlala ezindaweni zaseMedithera, udinga izimo zezulu eziphansi ezijwayelekile kakhulu ngasogwini. Indawo yayo esatshalaliswa kakhulu isezindaweni eziseduze nolwandle ngobude obungamamitha angaba ngu-500 ukuphakama. Lapho kulinywa kufana nezihlahla zewolintshi neze-alimondi.

Njengoba udinga amazinga okushisa amancane azimelani kahle nesithwathwa ngamazinga okushisa angaphansi kwezingu-2 degrees. Vele, isihlahla se-carob silungele ukumelana nesithwathwa uma amazinga okushisa ehla kancane kancane. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma behla kungazelelwe, bayothinteka kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isihlahla se-carob siyathinteka ngamazinga okushisa angaphezu kwama-45 degrees ehlobo.

Izidingo

Lesi sihlahla sikhula enhlabathini eyomile neyinkalankala evamise ukuba nokuvumelana okulingene noma okuxegayo, yize singenazo izinkinga ezikhulayo kwezinye izinhlobo zenhlabathi. Okubalulekile ukuthi uma uyinisela, inhlabathi kumele ibe nepayipi elihle ukugwema izikhukhula ezingaba khona lokho kuyenza buthaka kugcine sekubolile. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, isihlahla se-carob sithanda kakhulu ukhunta nokubola kwezimpande.

Uma sifuna ukuqala ukutshala isihlahla se-carob, kubalulekile ukwazi izici zomzimba zamakhemikhali ukuze sazi ngokunembile ukuthi ngabe izokwazi ukukhula kahle. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlanza imfucumfucu yezitshalo kusuka kwesinye isivuno sangaphambilini.

Ukulungisa inhlabathi kahle, inhlabathi engaphansi kufanele ilinywe ngokujulile ohlangothini olulodwa. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-2, kwenziwa elinye igeja elijulile lokuwela elokuqala. Lapho igeja seliqedile, kwenziwa umanyolo ngezinto eziphilayo ezivutshelwe kahle futhi ezine-phosphorus ukusiza ukukhula kwezimpande ekuqaleni.

Ngakho-ke ukuze amakhaza asebusika angathinti kakhulu, inhloso ukuqala amageja ekwindla, ukuze isihlahla se-carob sitshalwe ekupheleni kobusika.

Ukutshala

Lapho nje amazinga okushisa aphansi efika ekupheleni kobusika, sizoqala ukutshala isihlahla se-carob. Njengoba umuthi ufinyelela usayizi omkhulu, ezikhathini zasendulo wawutshalwa ngozimele abanzi kakhulu kuze kufike kumamitha angama-20 × 20. Njengamanje, ukuze kusetshenziswe kangcono insimu, kunokuthambekela kokunciphisa ozimele bokutshala i-carob ukuze izihlahla zibe nenzuzo futhi zibe ncane.

Se recomienda que kukhona ukuminyana phakathi kwezihlahla ezingama-80 nezikhulu kwihektha ngalinye lomhlaba nangamafreyimu aphakathi kwamamitha ayi-8 × 8 no-10 × 10. Kuhlwanyelwa ekupheleni kobusika ukugwema isithwathwa nezimbobo ezisuka ku-30 ​​× 50 kuye ku-60x80cm zenzelwa ukunisela emva kokutshala.

Eminyakeni yokuqala emva kokuhlwanyelwa, kunconywa ukuthi baniselwe izikhathi ezinhlanu noma eziyisithupha. Akudingekile ukunisela ngamanzi amaningi, ngoba lezi zihlahla zimelana kakhulu nesomiso. Zingathela izithelo ngokuphelele ngemvula yaminyaka yonke engama-220mm. Kumele futhi kuthiwe kubalulekile ukuthi line ukuze inqubo yezithelo ibe efanele. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi inani lemvula elidingekayo ukuze likhule kahle ngu-350mm ngonyaka.

Mayelana nokukhula kwesihlahla se-carob, kungashiwo ukuthi sihamba kancane, yize kuncike endaweni okuso. Uma sitholakala ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu, isihlahla se-carob senza isikhathi sokuphumula sasebusika ukonga amandla okusinda.

Izigaba zokukhula zingaba ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngonyaka, entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Iqala ukuthela izithelo kuye ngokuthi izihlahla ezihlanganisiwe (kusuka eminyakeni emi-5-6) noma zivela embewini ngaphandle kokuxhunyelelwa (kusuka eminyakeni engu-7-8). Ngakho-ke umkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu uqala ukwenzeka ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10.

Isondlo okufanele senziwe cishe ngokuzibophezela ukukhomba amagatsha. Amagatsha ngokuvamile akhula futhi ande ngokuvundlile. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi lapho izithelo zikhula, isisindo sikabhontshisi we-carob sizodala ukuthi amagatsha aphule.

Ukulima nokunakekela

Ukulima isihlahla se-carob, kumele kubhekwe izinto eziningana njengokulima, umquba kanye nokuthena.

Amageja

Emasimini ejwayelekile e-carob, amageja amabili ngonyaka ngokuvamile enziwa phezulu. Okufanele kakhulu ukwenza amageja amathathu, uma kungenzeka, ngokumba phansi kwezihlahla. Elinye lamakhuba lenziwa ekwindla, ngemuva kokuvuna isivuno, okwesibili ngo-Ephreli futhi uma kukhona okwesithathu kuzokwenziwa lapho isithelo siqala ukuvuthwa, ngo-Agasti.

Dlula

Kunoma yimuphi umuntu "wesikole esidala", i-carob ayidingi umanyolo. Kodwa-ke, uma sifuna ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwayo nosayizi omkhulu nekhwalithi, ukukhulelwa kuyadingeka. Kunconywa ukuthi ukhokhe kanye ngaphambi kokutshala isihlahla bese uqhubeka nokukhokha njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ukubhalisela kufanele kwenziwe lapho ukulima kokuwa sekwenziwe. Umanyolo ofanele kakhulu we-carob es izinto eziphilayo nge phosphorus.

Izihlahla

Iminyaka yokuqala yokukhula ayidingi noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuthena. Eminyakeni emi-5 kunconywa ukwenza izihlahla zokuqala ukuqeda iziqu ezimbi. Lesi sihlahla asidingi ukuzisika ngokwaso, kepha kubalulekile ukwenza njalo ukunikeza izihlahla isimo esifanele nokuzigcina isikhathi eside sempilo.

Ukwenza izihlahla, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi lesi sihlahla sizohlala sithela izithelo endaweni efanayo nokuthi sizwela kakhulu ekuhlaselweni yizinambuzane nezinambuzane zokhuni, ngakho-ke ukusikeka okuwugqinsi kakhulu nokuningi kufanele kugwenywe.

Ukwenza ukusika kubalulekile ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kokuzuzisa kakhulu isitshalo nokuthi kwenzelwe ukukhiqizwa kwaso. Uma ukuthena kwenziwa kahle, isihlahla sizokhiqiza okuningi, sibe nempilo enhle futhi sandise ikhwalithi nosayizi kabhontshisi we-carob.

Isikhathi esihle sokuthena ukuwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, masinyane ngemuva kokuvuna. Njengoba izimbali ziphuma ezindaweni zamagatsha, ukuthenwa kwezithelo akudingekile njengakwezinye izihlahla. Kwanele nge ukuthena ukuhlanza njalo eminyakeni emi-2 futhi okunamandla ngokwengeziwe njalo eminyakeni emihlanu noma engu-5 ukulungisa ukungalingani endebeni.

Usuvele wazi okuthe xaxa ngesihlahla se-carob.