Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lomuthi olwaziwayo oluwuphawu oluthandwa kakhulu ngamandla alo nobude balo. Imayelana ne-oki. Sihlahla esihle ngokubabazekayo esinomqhele obanzi, ongahambisi kahle. Lapho kuneqembu lama-oki elakha ihlathi, laziwa ngegama le- isihlahla se-okhi. Izici zobusha zibenza bazihlukanise nezinye izinhlobo zamahlathi akhiwe ngezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici nokubaluleka kwehlathi lom-oki.
Izici eziyinhloko
Njengoba ungalindela, isihlahla se-oki sakhiwa kakhulu ngama-oki. Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo ezihlala nayo futhi ezinemisebenzi ebalulekile ku-ecosystem. I-oki isihlahla esithandekayo impela njengoba sinamandla amakhulu nempilo ende enhle kakhulu. Inomqhele obanzi ngokwanele onomumo ongajwayelekile. Ingabonakala ngeso lenyama kwazise amagxolo ayo anombala ompunga futhi anemifantu. Amagatsha amakhulu angakhula abe yimilo esontekile ne-gnarled.
Amaqabunga awo anezimbhangqwana eziphakathi kuka-5 no-7 zama-globules akha uhlaka olujwayelekile. Ingaphezulu lamacembe linombala oluhlaza okotshani, kuyilapho ingaphansi linombala opholile. Lapho amaqabunga esemancane ngokuvamile anezingcezu zezinwele ezinwele ezinwele ezilokhu zivela ngaphansi. Lesi yisibonakaliso esihle sokwazi iminyaka yamaqabunga ngaphandle kosayizi wezinga lentuthuko. Ngokuqondene nezithelo zayo, zaziwa njengama-acorn futhi zikhiqizwa ngamaqoqo eziqu ezinde. La maqoqo aneziqu ezinde aziwa ngegama lama-peduncles. Isibhakabhaka esikhula ezimeni ezinhle singafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angama-45.
I-oki grove ne-phenology
I-Phenology ayilutho olunye ngaphandle kokufunda kwezimo zomjikelezo wokuphila komuntu. Lokho wukuthi, isikhathi lapho bathuthukisa khona izitho zabo, ukuguqulwa kokuthuthuka nokuzala. Endabeni yezihlahla ze-oki, i-geology igxila ekutadisheni kwenkathi yezimbali, ukukhula kwezithelo, ukukhula kwemifino, njll. Izimbali ze-Oak zivela phakathi kwenyanga kaMeyi noJuni lapho amazinga okushisa eqala ukukhuphuka ehlobo. Lapho sebeqedile lesi sikhathi sasehlobo, ama-acorn aqala ukuvuthwa. Bafinyelela ekuvuthweni okugcwele ngo-Okthoba. Lesi yisona sizathu esenza ama-acorn agcwale kule nyanga.
Lezi zithelo zicebile ngama-tannins nesitashi futhi zisebenza njengokudla kwezilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni ezincane. Isibonelo, izingwejeje nezinyoni eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yizilwane ezibalulekile ekunwetshisweni kwesihlahla se-oki. Futhi kungukuthi baphethe ukusabalalisa ama-acorn kude nezihlahla futhi bayangcwaba ukuze kusetshenziswe kamuva. Iningi lala ma-acorn aqeda ngaphambi kokudliwa abike i-oki entsha. Nakhu ukuthi, ngenxa yezilwane, ithayela nezingwejeje, isihlahla se-oki singanwetshwa eminyakeni edlule.
Ama-oki asemahlathini e-oki asemancane kakhulu avamise ukuba sengozini yokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane futhi okusho ukuthi, yize ukukhula kwawo kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha kwehla kubudala beminyaka eyi-100-200. Lapho nje befika kule minyaka ukukhula kwabo kuyehla. Lapho sebefinyelele kulokhu kuphila, ububanzi babo buyaqhubeka nokukhula kepha ngezinga eliphansi kakhulu. Njengoba sishilo phambilini, ihlathi lom-okhi lakhiwa ngama-oki asebephila isikhathi eside kakhulu. Lezi izihlahla ukuthi bayakwazi ukuphila isikhathi eside esihamba phakathi kweminyaka engama-500 neminyaka engama-700. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izidalwa eziningi eziphilayo ezineminyaka eyi-1.200 ubudala zitholakele.
Indawo yokuhlala yehlathi le-oak nokusatshalaliswa
Kunezihlahla eziningi ze-oki emhlabeni wonke ezinendawo yokuhlala lapho zingakhula khona ngokukhetha. I-oki evamile isakazeke kakhulu eYurophu ngaphandle kwasenyakatho eyedlulele nakwezinye izindawo zaseMedithera. Khumbula ukuthi udinga ezinye izimo zokuthuthuka kwazo njenge kuyizinga eliphakeme lomswakama nokushisa okungafudumele kangako. Lapho sihlaziya i-oki grove, siyabona ukuthi isihlahla esivelele siyadlula. Kwenzeka ezindaweni ezingamahlathi emvula futhi kungakhula ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zenhlabathi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ama-oki amaningi angatholakala enhlabathini evundile futhi esindayo.
Lolu hlobo lwesihlahla ludinga inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo ukuze likwazi ukukhulisa i-amplitude enkulu nesiqu esijiyile. Iphinde idinga udoti ukuvikela izimpande zayo nokondla kwayo. Ngokuphathelene nezinga losongo, lubizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lokukhathazeka okuncane ohlwini olubomvu lwe-IUCN. Ukuba khona kwayo kuvamile futhi kusakazekile.
Izinsongo nokulondolozwa
Njengoba kulindelwe, isihlahla esingasetshenziswa ngabantu, njenge-oki nama-acorn aso abalulekile, singakhathaza lapho sisongelwa. Noma kubhekwa njengohlobo lokukhathazeka okuncane, amahlathi e-oki anciphile phakathi kuka-30-40% kule minyaka engama-60 edlule ngenxa yokutshalwa kabusha kwama-conifers, ukuguqulwa komhlaba kube ngamadlelo, ukudliswa ngokweqile kwezimvu nezinyamazane, kanye nokuphathwa okunganele komhlaba wemvelo.
Kunokusetshenziswa okuningi lokhu kusuka emazweni kuya lapho i-oki ikhona futhi umuntu akaphathi njalo izindawo ngendlela efanele. Esinye isici esidala ukonakala kwehlathi lom-oki ukwehla kwendlela yakudala yokuphinda ikhule. Futhi ukuthi le ndlela yethulwa emahlathini kaphayini aqhubeka eba mnyama, okwenza ama-acorn angahlumi ezimeni ezinhle. Amahlathi amaningi e-okhi anesakhiwo seminyaka esitshekile njengoba izihlahla ezincane zingakwazi ukuvuselelwa ngesikhathi. Lokhu kungadala izinkinga ezinhlotsheni eziningi ezingavamile ezincike kuma-oki amadala kakhulu.
Njengoba izihlahla ezindala zihamba, azikho izihlahla eziseduze nezinezihlahla ezifanele, ukuze umphakathi wonke ube sengozini. Sesibonile ezindatshaneni ezahlukahlukene ukuthi imvelo isuselwe kubhalansi yemvelo enhle kakhulu. Uhlelo lwenziwayo lwenzelwe ukuvikela indawo yokuhlala yehlathi lom-okhi futhi izitshalo, izilwane kanye nesikhunta ezihlotshaniswa nalesi sihlahla se-okhi nazo ziyalondolozwa njengoba zibaluleke emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngehlathi le-oki izici zalo