Njalo uyaphila igama elinikezwa isitshalo esihlala sisebasha njengokusha kukho konke ukuphila kwaso. Iyakwazi ukugcina ukushelela nobukhazikhazi bamaqabunga ngaso sonke isikhathi. Igama layo lesayensi yiSempervivum. Banamandla amakhulu okusinda ezimweni ezingezinhle noma ezivimbela ukukhula kwabo.
Thola zonke izici ze-immortelle nokuthi kufanele uyinakekele kanjani ukuze ihlale isesimweni sayo esihle kakhulu. Ngabe ufuna ukufunda kabanzi?
Izinhlobonhlobo nezinto ezijwayelekile
I-immortelle ingeyezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingama-30 zomndeni wakwaCrassulaceae. Zonke izinhlobo zalo mndeni zinezici ezifanayo. Futhi ukuthi bayakwazi ukukhula ngendlela ye-rosette.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-immortelle kuyinto yokuhlobisa. Izimbali zayo zingaba ngemibala ehlukahlukene (efana nezimbali) futhi zinikeze umbala omuhle engadini noma endaweni yomphakathi. Lapho izinhlobo eziningana ezahlukahlukene zikhuliswa ngemibala ehlukene, kungabonakala isithombe esinemibala egqamile nemibala ehlukahlukene.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo esizitholayo, okulandelayo kugqama: I-Sempervivum tectorum, okuvame kakhulu kunakho konke; I-Sempervivum alpinum, ongowokuzalwa e-Alps; Y I-Sempervivum montanum, ejwayelekile yaseMontaña. I- I-Sempervivum arachnoideum, lo Sempervivum wulfenii, i I-Sempervivum grandiflorum futhi i I-Sempervivum calcareum.
Izici eziyinhloko
Lesi sitshalo sigcina umbala waso oluhlaza okhanyayo. Igcina bushelelezi futhi kukhanya kahle. Amaqabunga awo aluhlaza okotshani, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zinemibala enemibala kuzeluleko. Kukhona futhi obomvu, ophuzi noma onsomi.
Isiqu sinombala oluhlaza futhi siphela ngo izimbali zamathoni abomvana, abomvu, amhlophe futhi aphuzi. Lezi zimbali zingabonakala kuphela ngenkathi yasehlobo. Imvamisa zinesimo esinezinkanyezi kanti isikhathi esifudumele sonyaka kulapho izimbali zibukisa kakhulu. Iyakwazi ukufinyelela ku-30 cm ukuphakama.
Ngokuvamile isitshalo esihlala siluhlaza silokhu sikhula iminyaka eminingana ngaphambi kokuba siqhakaze okokuqala ngqa. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, siyisihlahla esihle impela. Isetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuhlobisa emhlabeni jikelele. Ungayithola kokubili emavazini nasenhlabathini nasemabhodweni. Izinhlobonhlobo zenani elikhulu ukumboza nokuhlobisa izindawo ezishisa kakhulu nezomile kakhulu.
Indawo nendawo okusatshalaliswa kuyo
Lesi sitshalo sidabuka eSpain. Iqale ukunweba isuka eziqhingini zaseCanary. Kungabonakala kuchuma ezintabeni ezisenhlonhlo. Ayitholakali eSpain kuphela, kepha iyanweba nge-Alps, eCarpathians, eBalkan, eTurkey, ezintabeni zase-Armenia naseCaucasus.
Banamandla okugcina amanzi emaqabungeni abo anohlobo oluyinyama. Lesi senzo sikwenza kube lula kuwe ukuthi uphile ezindaweni ezomile nezinamadwala. Ngenxa yekhono laso elikhulu lokuzivumelanisa nezindawo ezinzima kakhulu, lesi sitshalo siphumelela ezindaweni ezinzima kakhulu. Uma unayo ekhaya, ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhulu noma isikhala.
Ngokuphathelene nokuphindaphindeka kwabo, banamandla amakhulu okusabalalisa nokuzala ngokushesha.
Ukuzala nokunakekela
Yize kunganakekeli kangako, kungcono ukuyibuyekeza ukuze ihlale iba sesimweni esihle kakhulu. Lapho izimo zizinhle i-immortelle isakazeka ngokushesha ngama-bulb. Izimbali zayo ekuqaleni ziyi-hermaphroditic. Kamuva, amandla agobele kude namakhaphethi asenkabeni yembali, ngakho-ke ukuzithwala akulula.
Ukuzikhiqiza kungcono ngezimbewu. Uma amaswidi ehlukaniswa, kungcono. Ungayikhulisa yomabili ebhodweni, njengamabhodlela noma emhlabathini oqondile. Uma idinga ukufakelwa kabusha, kulula ukulinda isikhathi sentwasahlobo lapho amazinga okushisa amnandi kubo.
Mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho, akusona isitshalo esidinga kakhulu, kodwa kungcono ukuba nabo enhlabathini yelimestone futhi kube nokugeleza okuhle. Ukuminywa ngamanzi kungababulala. Akudingi umanyolo okhethekile, kepha kulula ukuhambisa umhlaba njalo eminyakeni emibili. Ukunisela kufanele kube ngokulingene futhi akujwayele ukuhlaselwa izinambuzane noma izifo.
Uma ukhetha ukuyifaka embizeni, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise i-substrate enezimbobo, ngoba yize ingahlala ngaphandle kwezinkinga ku-peat emnyama yodwa, kungadingeka ukulawula ukunisela okuningi, ngoba kuyazwela ukubola kwezimpande . Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanganiswa okuhle kungaba okulandelayo: I-50% peat emnyama + 30% perlite + 20% yesihlabathi somfula.
Isitshalo esihlala siluhlaza kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibekwe elangeni eligcwele, kepha uma uhlala endaweni lapho isimo sezulu sishisa ngokweqile (ngaphezu kwama-degree angama-30 ngokuqhubekayo) kungcono ukuthi uzibeke emthunzini amahora ambalwa ngosuku.
Izinzuzo nezindawo zokwelapha
Njengokungathi lokho bekunganele, lesi sitshalo sinezici zokwelapha nezinzuzo eziningi. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo zokuvuvukala ezihlobene i-pharyngitis, i-tracheitis, i-otitis ne-candidiasis. Ukwelapha ezinye izimo, kubalulekile ukwenza ijusi namaqabunga. Le jusi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izilonda, izinduna nokusha okuthile. Kungakhulula nezimpawu nokunwaya komiyane nokunye ukulunywa yizinambuzane.
Izimiso ezisebenzayo yizo ezinikeza lesi sitshalo somuthi amandla aso okwelapha. Lezi zithako ezisebenzayo zikhona ama-tannins, ama-resins, ama-flavonoids, ama-organic acid (i-malic, formic ne-isocitric), ama-alkaloid kanye nama-mucilages.
Ukuhlaziywa kwamanje kwamakhemikhali nokwenziwa kwamakhemikhali, okwenziwe ikakhulukazi nezinhlobo ze-alpine iSempervivum tectorum, kutholile izakhi zamakhemikhali ezinamandla okulwa namagciwane, amasosha omzimba kanye ne-hepatoprotective ama-antioxidants, antihyperlipidemic kanye nababulali abakhululekile.
Kukho konke lokhu, i-immortelle isiphenduke isitshalo esihle, esihlala isikhathi eside, esivikela amakhaya nezempilo.
Izintshisakalo ze-immortelle
Ezikhathini zasendulo kwakucatshangwa ukuthi i-immortelle yenziwe nguZeus noma uJupiter. Inhloso yalesi sitshalo kwakuwukuvikela amakhaya nabantu emlilweni, imibani nemimoya. Lesi sitshalo saziwa ngokuthi izintshebe zikaJupiter noma uThor.
Le nkolelo yasakazekela naseYurophu ngesikhathi sikaCharlemagne. Ukusiza ukuvikela amakhaya, kwakutshalwa ophahleni lwamakhaya ukuwavikela ezimpingeni nasemibani. Futhi, bekucatshangwa ukuthi kuletha ubuhle ekhaya.
Njengoba kungabonakala, lesi sitshalo singesinye seziphelele kakhulu.