Ukuvikela izifo zamazambane noma izinambuzane zamazambane ekulimaleni isivuno sakho esithembisayo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela nokusebenzisa lezi zindlela zokuvimbela.
Izisekelo ezifana nokushintshanisa izitshalo, ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yezitshalo ngokuhlakanipha, ukuqeda izilwane ezidla izinambuzane zemvelo, nokuningi kuzokwenza amazambane akho akhule ngaphandle kwenkinga. Ungakhetha futhi izinhlobo ezingamelana nazo ezifweni ezithile bese ukhetha indawo enomanzi futhi enomoya omuhle.
Amazambane isikhunta
Isikhunta yisifo esiyinhloko se-cryptogamic samazambane. Izinhlamvu zilala ezindaweni eziyizigaxa ezinegciwane futhi zisakazeka ngokushesha ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezinomswakama (Umswakama ongu-10 degrees no-75%).
Lokhu kungaba nemiphumela emibi ngokucekela phansi izitshalo zonke. Izifo zingabhubhisa izitshalo, njengoba kwenzeka e-Ireland ngo-1840, kwabangela indlala enkulu ngaleso sikhathi.
Izimpawu
Ukubukeka kwe- amabala amnyama kuzeluleko zamaqabunga neziqu, isikhunta esimhlophe ngaphansi kwamaqabunga. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinegciwane ziba nezindawo ezimpunga noma ezimnyama eziphenduka zibe nsundu ngokubomvu zibe nokubukeka kwesikhumba njengoba zibola.
Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela
Ukwelashwa okususelwa ku ukuxubana kwe-nettle ne-horsetail ukuvimbela ngezikhathi zobungozi.
Ukwelashwa okwelashwa
Akukho. Susa izitshalo ezinezifo ngokushesha okukhulu futhi welaphe ezinye izitshalo ngengxube ye-horsetail (noma ivy) nesoda yokubhaka ukuze ulawule lesi sifo.
I-Rhizoctonia
Le fungus ingenye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zokudliwa kwamazambane. Umonakalo ubonakala nge ukungabikho kokuvela, ukubambezeleka kwe-tuberization, ukwehla kwesivuno kanye nokwehla kwenani lesitshalo uma kwenzeka kuba khona i-sclerotia (ungqimba olungaphandle olunemibala) ezilwaneni eziyizigaxa.
Izimpawu
Amaqabunga agobile kanye neziqu ze-necrotic zingaveza izilimo eziyizigaxa zasemoyeni. Ezimweni ezinomswakama, umgodla omhlophe ungakha ezansi kweziqu ezivele zinecrotic. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zinamaqoqo amancane ansundu noma amnyama ebusweni bawo ngokungajwayelekile
Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela
Ngaphambi kokutshala, hlola amagciwane ukuthola ama-pustule amnyama amnyama noma amabala ansundu amnyama. Ukwelashwa kwe-nettle ne-horsetail ukuvimbela ngezikhathi zobungozi.
Ukwelashwa okwelashwa
Akukho. Susa izitshalo ezinezifo ngokushesha okukhulu.
Amabala amnyama
Lesi sifo sithinta izingxenye zombili zesitshalo kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Lesi sifo sikhona kuzo zonke izifunda ezikhiqiza amazambane futhi ikhula ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezinamazinga okushisa afanele okwenziwa kwesikhunta phakathi kuka-28 no-30ºC.
Izimpawu
Ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwamaqabunga ngenkathi iziqu zihlala ziluhlaza. Ukubukeka ngeziqu nezilimo eziyizigaxa ze ama-blackheads ahambelana ne-sclerotia ye-fungus.
Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela
Ngaphambi kokutshala, hlola ukuthi amagciwane awekho yini ama-pustule amnyama amnyama noma amabala ansundu amnyama. Tshala izinhlobo zakuqala bese usebenzisa i-nettle ne-horsetail treatment ukuvikela ngezikhathi eziyingozi.
Imithi yokwelapha
Akukho. Susa izitshalo ezinezifo ngokushesha okukhulu.
Isibungu sensimbi
Lesi sibungu silala emhlabathini, ivela entwasahlobo futhi indiza kancane kakhulu, ebusuku kuphela, kodwa uhamba ngenkuthalo. Eyesilisa iyafa ngemuva nje kokukhwelana neyesifazane ngasekupheleni kwehlobo.
Amaqanda abekwa ekujuleni okungama-20 kuye kuma-60 mm.
Izimpawu
Umhubhe wesibungu se-Wireworm ngaphakathi kwamazambane.
Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela
Nciphisa inani lezinto eziphilayo bese usebenzisa umquba omuhle.
I-Ringworm
Isibungu samazambane sikhona ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo, ikakhulukazi emaphethelweni aseMedithera. Leli bhu elincane elimpunga, elingu-10-15 mm ububanzi, lizalela amaqanda alo ngeziqu, amahlumela, izilimo eziyizigaxa noma emhlabathini.
Izimpawu
Izimbobo emashidini kanye nempunga zizwakala ngaphezulu. Izibungu zimba imipheme engajulile ngezilimo eziyizigaxaZifakwe ngentambo kasilika, ziphonsa indle emnyama ngaphandle.
Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela
Sungula izingibe ze-pheromone eziguquliwe.
Ibhungane lamazambane noma i-dorífora
I-Colorado amazambane beetle yiyona inkathazo enkulu yalesi tuber. Yibhungane elimhlophe elinolayini abamnyama abade. Izibungu (isigaba esingavuthiwe) zinonile, ziwolintshi noma ziphuzi.
Abantu abadala bafukamela emhlabathini bese bevela entwasahlobo, lapho inhlabathi isifudumeze ngokwanele ukuthi izale ebusweni bangaphandle bamaqabunga, lapho izibungu ziyaphuma zigcine ngokudla amaqabunga.
Izimpawu
Kudliwa amahlamvu neziqu.
Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela
Tshala ifilakisi, i-tansy, ubhontshisi we-castor, noma ama-marigolds ukuvikela amazambane.
Ukwelashwa okwelashwa
Sebenzisa isibulali zinambuzane esifanelekile, njengesepha emnyama enenhlanganisela ethile kagalikhi.