Izinhlobo ze-Taxodium

Ama-taxodium ayizinhlobo zezihlahla ezivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi, yingakho zingenye yezinconywa kakhulu zokutshala ezindaweni ezinokuthambekela kokukhukhula, noma ezingadini ezisezifundeni lapho imvula ina kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, zisebenza kahle impela ezindaweni ezingamanzi kakhulu, kepha kusabalulekile ukuthi zingaswele amanzi noma kunini.

Bafinyelela ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, kuze kufike kumamitha angama-45. Ngenxa yalokhu, zingesinye salezo zihlahla ezikwazi ukugqama kakhulu ensimini, futhi, yizo ezinganikeza umthunzi omningi. Yini enye, Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningana zeTaxodium. Ingabe siyabazi?

Umsuka nezici ze-Taxodium

I-Los I-taxodium Ngama-conifers asemndenini we-Cupressaceae, futhi angazalelwa eningizimu yeNyakatho Melika. Bahlala ezindaweni ezixhaphozi, lapho zingakhula izingodo ezingaphezu kwamamitha angama-40 ukuphakama kuze kufike kumamitha amathathu ububanzi. Futhi, uma besendaweni enezikhukhula, bakhiqiza i-pneumatophores, okuyizimpande zasemoyeni ezibasiza ukuphefumula.

Amaqabunga afana nenaliti, aluhlaza okombala, futhi aphakathi kuka-0,5 no-2 cm ubude.. Baziphatha njengabanqumayo uma kokubili ekwindla nasebusika kubanda futhi kuneqhwa elibalulekile elibhalisiwe, kepha uma isimo sezulu singekho mandla, bahlala isikhathi eside; okungukuthi, balahlekelwa kuphela yingxenye yamaqabunga agcwalisa umqhele wabo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuwa lezi zingashintsha zibe bomvu ngaphambi kokuzihlukanisa negatsha.

Ngokuqondene nezimbali, azinazo. Kukholakala ukuthi iTaxodium yaqala ukuvela kwayo ngesikhathi se-Upper Cretaceous, phakathi kweminyaka eyizigidi eziyikhulu kuya kwezingama-100 eyedlule, futhi ngaleso sikhathi ezifundeni ezinamazinga okushisa aqhubeka nokuchuma, ngoba kulapho kwakukhona ukwehluka okuncane kwezilwane (ngakho-ke, futhi kwakukhona nabambalwa ababengabavotela impova).

Kepha abakwenzayo khiqiza izigaxa ze-globose zesilisa noma zesifazane elinganiselwa kumasentimitha amathathu ububanzi. La ma-cone athatha isikhathi eside ukuvuthwa uma impova seyenzekile: phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-3 kuye kwayi-7. Lapho sebekwenzile, izikali zabo ziyahlukana, zivule imbewu.

Njengokulangazelela, akutshele lokho Izinsalela ze-taxodium zitholakale eYurophu: enye yazo ivela eqabungeni yezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo I-taxodium dubium, manje engasekho, eyayihlala kulokho manje okuyiJalimane kuze kube cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezi-2 edlule.

Izinhlobo ze-Taxodium

Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezintathu zeTaxodium zamukelwa, yize kukhona izazi zezitshalo ezicabanga ukuthi zimbili kuphela, kanti ezinye zinye kuphela. Kepha uma ubheka ukuthi bahlala ezindaweni ezihlukene, futhi banosayizi abehlukene, ake sibone ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ezintathu:

I-taxodium ascendens

El I-taxodium ascendens I-conifer enqabile noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eyaziwa njenge-swamp cypress. Ihlala ogwini lwaseNyakatho Carolina futhi ifinyelela eningizimu-mpumalanga yeLouisana, ikakhulukazi emaxhaphozini nasemifuleni. Ikhula phakathi kwamamitha amabili kuya kwayishumi ukuphakama. Amaqabunga angama-acicular, amancane futhi aphakathi kwamamilimitha amathathu kuya kwangu-3 ubude. Izigaxa zalo zingamasentimitha angu-10 ububanzi.

Imvamisa kubhekwa njengokuhlukahluka kwe- I-taxodium distichum, ubizwa I-Taxodium distichum var imbricatum, kepha womabili amaqabunga nezigaxa kuncane kunalokhu. Futhi, uT. Ascendens ukhetha inhlabathi engenazo izingxenyana ezinkulu zodaka *.

* Qaphela: udaka luhlobo lwenzika ethwalwa yimifula nomoya, futhi imvamisa icebe kakhulu ezintweni eziphilayo. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi udaka noma udaka.

I-taxodium distichum

El I-taxodium distichum Kuyizinhlobo ezinqabayo ezibizwa nge-swamp cypress noma i-bald cypress, futhi ihlala eningizimu mpumalanga ye-United States. Ukucaciswa ngokuthe xaxa, ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, noma kujwayela indawo eyomile. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-40, futhi ithuthukisa indebe yephiramidi noma eyindilinga. Amagatsha awo avame ukukhula ngokuvundlile, kanti amaqabunga awo angamamilimitha ayi-15-20 ubude. Ikhiqiza izigaxa ezingafika kumasentimitha angu-3,5, ezeduna zibe ncane.

Yethulwa eYurophu cishe ngonyaka we-1640, kepha iqiniso ukuthi loluhlobo lwalusivele luphila e-Old Continent ngaphambi kweminyaka eyizigidi eziyi-8 eyedlule. Ubufakazi balokhu yizinsalela ezitholakele eHungary ngoJulayi 2007 (uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngakho, chofoza lapha).

I-taxodium mucronatum

El I-taxodium mucronatum (manje I-taxodium huegelii) luhlobo oluhlala luhlaza noma oluhlaza okotshani olwaziwa njenge-ahuehuete. Ivela eMexico, yize itholakala eningizimu yeTexas nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeGuatemala iyodwa. Ifinyelela ukuphakama okungafika kumamitha ayi-40, kanti amaqabunga awo angamasentimitha ayi-1-2 ubude. Ngokuqondene nezigaxa, lezi zinomumo ovundlile noma oyindilinga, futhi zikala phakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-1,5 kuye kwayi-2,5.

Ngokungafani nalezi ezimbili ezedlule, le ukuphela kwento ekhula kuphela endle emaxhaphozini. Iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nalezo ezomile, kepha izoba nentuthuko engcono uma isendaweni lapho kungenzeka kube khona amanzi amile amile, noma lapho izimvula ziningi khona.

Yikuphi kubo okuthanda kakhulu?