Ukuba nengadi yezithelo noma ingadi enezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo akulula njengoba abaningi besho. Lokhu umsebenzi odinga ukuzinikela, ulwazi futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke isifundo emhlabathini, obhalisile kanye nesitshalo uqobo. Kwenzeka ukuthi ukutshala noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinhlobo emhlabathini, uchungechunge lwezifundo kufanele lwenziwe noma okungenani, bazi izici zenhlabathi, kanye nezimpawu nezidingo zesitshalo uqobo.
Izinhlobo zomquba njengoba sishilo, kuzoya kakhulu ngohlobo lwesitshalo noma isivuno onaso. Kungakho kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zababhalisile ezilungisa kahle izidingo zesitshalo ngasinye.
Izinhlobo zikamanyolo ongemuva
Isibonelo, phakathi kwezinto ezaziwa kakhulu nezisetshenzisiwe endaweni yokulima, kukhona:
Umanyolo ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwawo
Lolu hlobo lomquba okukodwa okusetshenziswe kakhulu maqondana nokukhulelwa kwesikhwama kuthintekile. Luhlobo lomanyolo olufuna ukuhlinzeka umhlaba ngezakhi nezinto ezisetshenziswa yizitshalo.
Kukhona, isibonelo, umanyolo we-nitrogen, okuyi inikeza i-substrate inani elidingekayo lesibabule ne-phosphorus. Isibonelo salokhu kungaba yi-calcium ammonium nitrate noma i-ammonium nitro sulfate. Ngendlela efanayo, kukhona omanyolo acacile phosphoric nokuthi kukhona umanyolo owenziwe ngesibabule nezinye izinto ezihambisanayo.
Umanyolo ngokwesethulo sabo
Into enhle ngalolu hlobo lomquba ukuthi ukufakwa kanye / noma iziyalezo zomkhiqizi, Ikutshela ukuthi hlobo luni lwemishini ongasebenzisa lezi zinhlobo zikamanyolo ukusabalalisa. Ngokufanayo, ikunikeza ngolwazi olususelwa kwikhwalithi kamanyolo uqobo. Lokhu kungafika ngefomethi yohlobo impuphu, i-granulated noma i-pellet. Ngamunye wabo unezinga elihlukile lokusetshenziswa futhi esimweni somanyolo kuma-pellets, asetshenziswa kancane.
Umanyolo oqinile ngokusho kwawo
Lezi zizokwenza ingahlukaniswa kalula yizinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zezigaba: ukuxuba umanyolo kanye nezichumisi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Esimweni sokuqala, kungumanyolo ukuthi inazo zonke izakhamzimba zayo ezihlukaniswa izinhlayiya ezihlukene.
Ngenkathi icala lesibili, izakhamzimba namakhemikhali ahlukile ezingeni lamakhemikhali eziqukethwe kuyizinhlayiyana ezifanayo. Ngayinye inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo, kanye nezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuyisebenzisa.
Uyini obhalisile wangemuva?
Kungakho ezimeni ezinjengalezi, Inkinga yababhalisi besikhwama ivela lapho iningi livame ukungayinaki. Ngakho-ke akumangazi nakancane ukuthi othile omjwayele, umngane, noma isihlobo uthathe isinqumo sokutshala isitshalo futhi asiqedanga ukukhula kahle noma saba nezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhula kwaso nakho konke okuphathelene nalolu daba.
Ngale ndlela, sizogxila namhlanje ekunikezeni wena lonke ulwazi oluwusizo oludingayo ukuze ukwazi ukutshala noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinhlobo zezitshalo futhi uphumelele emzameni. Njengoba umqondo ukuthi ube nesitshalo esithola ukukhula okugcwele nokunempilo.
Okokuqala kufanele uqale ngento ebaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke lolu daba futhi leyo yincazelo enjalo mayelana nobhalisile wokugcina emuva. Ngakho-ke kumayelana ne- ukufakwa komquba owengeza emgodini noma esizeni lapho uzohlwanyela khona noma utshala isitshalo.
Nawe kufanele ukwazi lokho uhlobo lomquba luzoncika ezidingweni zomhlaba ukuwunothisa nokuwunikeza ngezimo eziwudingayo, okuzoya ngezidingo zesitshalo.
Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi uhlobo lomquba luzoncika ohlotsheni lwesitshalo ozohlwanyela. Kumele futhi kushiwo ukuthi ezitshalweni ezingapheli, umanyolo osetshenziselwe lezi zinhloso kufanele ufakwe ngaphambi nje kokuba umjikelezo wesitshalo uqale.
Manje, akwanele nje ukukhetha uhlobo lomanyolo oluningi, ube nendawo lapho uzotshala khona isitshalo futhi yilokho kuphela. Lokhu akunjalo, kepha kudingeka isifundo ukuze kutholwe izimo zenhlabathi.
Phakathi kwemininingwane eqoqwe esifundweni esishiwoyo izakhi zomhlabathi, izinga le-pH ne-nitrogen ziyatholakala. Eqinisweni, yile pharamitha yokugcina ebhekwa kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngomanyolo ophansi.
Inhloso
Ungasho ukuthi i- umquba ophansi ufuna ukuvala isikhala sokushoda kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini kanye nendawo lapho isitshalo sizobekwa khona. Inhloso yalokhu ukuthi inhlabathi noma i-substrate ingaba ne-nitrogen edingwa yisitshalo.
Isibonelo, ngemuva kokwenza ukuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi, bekwazi ukubona ukuthi i-nitrogen esemhlabathini ingu-2 lapho kufanele ibe ngu-6. Ngokuvamile, izitshalo eziningi zidinga i-nitrogen engu-12 phakathi nayo yonke inqubo yokukhula.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kungenziwa umanyolo ongezansi, nge-nitrogen eyi-12 isitshalo esinayo noma okufanele sibe nayo, zintathu kuphela zazo ezazizophelela emhlabathini, ukuze i-nitrogen esemhlabathini ilinganiselwe.
Ngemuva kwalokho, lesi sitshalo uqobo sizobe sithola kuphela i-nitrogen eyi-9. Ingabe uyazibuza ukuthi kusho ukuthini lokhu? Kulula, kusho ukuthi isitshalo ngeke sikhule njengoba kufanele nokuthi uma kungenzeka kube isitshalo esikhiqiza izithelo, lezi zivame ukuba zincane.
Ngabe obhalisela ingemuva usetshenziswa nini?
Le yinqubo ongeke uyenze kancane noma ngoba ucabanga ukuthi kuyinto elungile ukuyenza nangenxa yokuthi uyayidinga. Kunesikhathi esithile lapho le nqubo kumele yenziwe khona, futhi lokho kungaphakathi kwezinyanga zokugcina zonyaka.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngalezi zikhathi, umhlaba osetshenziselwa ukulinywa yimvula, ngokwesibonelo, une amazinga we-nitrogen aphansi, kanye ne-phosphorus ne-potassium, okuyizinto eziyisisekelo zomhlaba uqobo kanye nezitshalo kanye nokukhula kwazo.
Kwenzeka ukuthi ngemuva kokwenza yonke inqubo yokufaka umquba ngemuva ekuvuneni noma isivuno, ngokwesibonelo, izitshalo ngesikhathi sazo inqubo yokukhula, ukuvuthwa, ukuqhakaza kanti ezinye, unyaka nonyaka zimunca zonke lezi zinto zomhlaba.
Kufana nokukutshela ukuthi umhlaba uphelelwa izakhamzimba ngoba izitshalo ngenkathi zikhula basebenzisa zonke lezi zinsizakusebenza ezikhona ku-substrate lapho betshalwe khona.
Futhi akufani nokuthi izitshalo zikhipha amazinga aphansi ezakhamzimba, kunalokho bakwenza ngendlela enehaba futhi enkulu futhi yingakho ukusetshenziswa komanyolo kuyadingeka ukunxephezela ukungabi bikho kwezakhamzimba emhlabathini nokugcina isimo esihle sesitshalo. Kokubili uhlobo lukamanyolo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalo kuzohluka ngokuya ngohlobo lwesihlahla esibe khona nezidingo ezidingekayo ukuze zikwazi ukukhula ngokugcwele.