Imbewu yiyona última ukutholwa kwemvelo (okwamanje). Izitshalo zokuqala ezavela azizivelanga, kepha zaphindaphindeka ngenxa yezinhlamvu, ezazithwalwa ngumoya. Kepha cishe ezigidini ezingama-380 ezedlule lokhu kwaqala ukushintsha. Kwavela izidalwa zemifino, ezibizwa ngokuthi izitshalo zemithambo, ezizala ngenye indlela. Ngendlela engagcina iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yoMbuso Wezitshalo. Kepha, Ziyini izinzuzo zezitshalo zembewu?
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nobuhle bezitshalo zembewu nokuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokuhlwanyela.
Yini imbewu
Uma sikhuluma ngobuhle bezitshalo ezinembewu, kufanele sibhekise kuzo zombili izinzuzo zokuziphendukela kwemvelo kanye nobulula bokutshala izitshalo, ingadi kanye nezolimo. Okokuqala kukho konke ukukhombisa lokho imbewu iyingxenye ebalulekile yesitshalo. Ingaba nosayizi abaningi abehlukene, ubujamo obuningi obuhlukahlukene, kepha noma ngabe ibukeka kanjani nokuthi isitshalo sikhiqize ini, ngaphakathi sizothola yonke imininingwane yezofuzo edingekayo ukwakha isampula entsha, noma ngabe leyo mbewu ayinaso isisindo esingaphezu kwesimbalwa amagremu.
Kodwa kwenzekani lapho sehlukana nesitshalo esingumama? Empeleni, akuyona inkinga ebucayi kakhulu. Ngokungafani nezinhlamvu, imbewu isatshalaliswa ngenxa yosizo lwezilwane, noma ngabe likhulu noma lincane. Isibonelo, lapho izinja zidlula ensimini yotshani zingagcina zinembewu engaphezu kweyodwa enamathiselwe eboyeni bazo. Laba bazogcina bewele endaweni ekude nabazali babo lapho uboya buzamazama noma lapho umuntu wabo ebasusa. Izingubo nezicathulo esizisebenzisayo nakho kuyindlela yokuhambisa imbewu.
Uhlu lwezitshalo ezinembewu
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezitshalo ezinembewu. Ezinye zazo zikhiqiza imbewu engenalutho engamboziwe noma ekhule ngaphakathi kwezithelo zezithelo. Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo lwaziwa njenge ukuzivocavoca. Uhlobo lwesibili lwezitshalo zembewu luguquke kakhulu futhi lwaziwa ngegama le- angiosperms. Yilezo ezinembewu enezimbali futhi ekugcineni zakha izithelo eziqukethe imbewu eningi ngaphakathi.
Phakathi kwe izibonelo zezitshalo ezinembewu sinalo lolu hlu lwezinto ezaziwa kakhulu:
- Isihlahla se-apula
- isihlahla sepheya
- Isihlahla selamula
- Isihlahla sepentshisi
- UNaranjo
- Um-alimondi
- Umnqumo
- Ibhilikosi
- Utamatisi
- okusamathunduluka
- Hazel
- I-Banano
- ipulamu
- Isihlahla sikakhukhunathi
- Chestnut
- Isitshalo se-avocado
- Isihlahla sikamango
- AmaConifers
- Oak
- Ukhokho oki
Zisetshenziswa kakhulu kokubili ukuhlobisa ezingadini nasezitshalweni zokukhiqiza nokuthengisa.
Izinzuzo zezitshalo zembewu ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo
Kepha ngaphandle kokuba nosizo - okuvame ukungathandeki - kwezilwane, izitshalo zembewu zingahlakazeka ngezinye izindlela: njengamanzi. Isibonelo, umgibeli Ama-gigas angenayo, ehlala emahlathini ashisayo aseNingizimu Melika, isebenzisa ulwandle ukwenza amakoloni amanye abe amakoloni. Ikwenza kahle kakhulu ukuthi ingaze ifinyelele naseYurophu, impela ukuthi uma lokho kwenzeka ngeshwa ngeke ikwazi ukuhluma ngoba isimo sezulu saseYurophu sibanda kakhulu kunendawo esihlala kuyo.
Noma ngabe kukhona okuthile okungakudonsela amehlo akho kakhulu, kungukusebenza kwembewu, okungukuthi, ubude besikhathi abangahlala busebenza ngaso. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezithile zezinto eziphilayo okufanele zithole izimo ezifanele zokuhluma kwazo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuwa esitshalweni sikanina, kepha kukhona ezinye ezingakwenza ngisho eminyakeni edlule, njengeMagnolia eyatholwa nguSir David Attenborough futhi ukuthi ungabona lapha.
Zonke lezi zici zenza ngokombono wokuziphendukela kwemvelo imbewu inempumelelo enkulu. Futhi ukuthi izinzuzo zezitshalo ezinembewu zingafingqwa ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
- Kulula ukudlala
- Ukusinda ngempumelelo kohlobo
- Indawo enkulu yokusabalalisa
- Ukulondolozwa kofuzo olungcono
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ecosystem kanye nokwenza ngcono indawo yokuhlala. Uma isitshalo singekho esimeni esihle endaweni engokwemvelo, ngokusabalalisa imbewu yaso emoyeni noma ngokusebenzisa izilwane ukwenza njalo, singathola enye indawo yokuhlala ukuze sichume. Ngale ndlela, indawo yokwabiwa kohlobo oluthile ingakhula kakhulu.
Izinzuzo zezitshalo zembewu ezitshalweni
Manje siqhubeka nokuhlaziya ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo zezitshalo ezinembewu kusukela ekubukeni kwezitshalo. Okusho ukuthi, yiziphi izinzuzo izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe ngembewu noma lezo, eziphambene nalokho, ezihlwanyelwa ngokunikezwa okunqunyiwe. Uma uqala ukukhulisa ezinye izinhlobo ngezimbewu kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuzodingeka ukuthi ufake futhi ulungiselele ngaphambi kokukhishelwa ngaphandle. Ezinye izitshalo ezingaphandle ziya ngqo emhlabathini. Sizohlaziya ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo zesitshalo nembewu ezitshalweni:
- Ngembewu unamathuba amaningi okukhetha phakathi kwezici ezithile zezinhlobo. Phakathi kwalezi zici sinobukhulu bezithelo, ukubukeka, isikhathi sokuqhakaza nokumelana nezifo.
- Izitshalo ezikhula kusuka enzalweni imvamisa ziba namandla futhi zikhiqiza kalula isivuno senani elikhulu.
- Izimpande zawo zibekwe ekujuleni okungcono ngakho-ke iyakwazi ukubamba kangcono izakhi zomzimba futhi ikhule kakhulu.
Njengoba ukuhlwanyela imbewu kunganikeza izinzuzo ezithile, nakho kunezinkinga ezithile. Lokhu kungokulandelayo:
- Uma uqala ngembewu kufanele uqedele inqubo yokuhluma kuqala. Konke lokhu kwenza izithelo zithatha isikhathi eside ukufika.
- Izinga lokuhluma kwayo yonke imbewu alikho phezulu. Ezinye ziyimbewu ehlwanyelwe engasoze yahluma.
- Imbewu endala noma engalondoloziwe kahle zikhula kancane.
Izinzuzo nobubi bokuhlwanyela nge-cuttings
Kumlingani wayo, wokutshala ingadi kanye nezolimo ukusika kungakuhle. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nezinkinga zokuhlwanyela ngokusika:
- Ventajas: ukusika kunika isiqalo esisheshayo sezitshalo ngoba vele izitshalo ezincane. Uma siqhathanisa lokhu kukhula nentuthuko nembewu, kuyashesha kakhulu. Lokhu kwenza isivuno esisheshayo.
- Uqinisekile ngokuphelele ngokuthola isitshalo sowesifazane esibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezitshalo.
- Izinkinga: Izisiki zitholakala ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke uma ungazi ukuthi ungasika kanjani esitshalweni somama, kungahle kube ukwehluleka.
- Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezitshalo ezitholakalayo zokusika.
- Kukhona nobungozi bokuthi ukusika kungadlulisa izifo nezinambuzane.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, uma sihlaziya ngokombono wokuziphendukela kwemvelo, imbewu inikeze izinzuzo eziningi zokuphumelela nokulondolozwa kohlobo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma sihlaziya ngokubuka kwezitshalo, ungaqasha okuningi ukusebenzisa ukusika. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezinzuzo zezitshalo zembewu.