Esivandeni sezithelo sitshala izithelo, amajikijolo, imifino, ubhontshisi, izilimo eziyizigaxa nemifino ukuze kudliwe umkhaya, siphinde sisebenzisa insimu elinywayo ukutshala izinkumba zokuhlobisa, izipontshi zemifino nezimbali ezihlukahlukene ezifana ne-gladioli. I-Gladioli inokusetshenziswa okuhle kokuhlobisa kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Abantu abaningi abazi kahle lapho ukutshala gladioli.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukukutshela ukuthi ungatshala nini i-gladioli nokuthi yiziphi izici zayo.
Izici eziyinhloko
I-gladiolus noma i-gladiolus (leli igama layo lesayensi) itholakala ezifundeni ezifudumele zaseNingizimu Afrika, eMpumalanga Ephakathi kanye naseningizimu yeYurophu. Ingowomndeni we-Iridaceae futhi iyisitshalo esine-bulbous, nakuba "isibani" empeleni sibizwa ngokuthi ama-corms.
Lezi zici zezimbali zakudala ziye zadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane futhi zingahlobisa ingadi ekuphakameni kwehlobo noma zisetshenziswe kuma-bouquets. Abalimi banamuhla bangakhetha ezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali, imibala kanye nokuphakama, ngakho-ke akungabazeki ukuthi kukhona i-gladioli ehambisana nawo wonke umuntu. I-Gladioli ivame ukuhlukaniswa ngosayizi wezimbali: zingaba zincane noma zibe zinkulu.
Eminye edume kakhulu, efinyelela kumamitha amahlanu ubude, itholakala ngemibala ehlukahlukene: i-maroon, ebomvana, ephuzi, ekhilimu, i-coral, ngisho eluhlaza. Nakuba abalimi abaningi bekhetha ukutshala izitshalo ze-gladioli njengezimbali ezisikiwe, akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi zikhanga kakhulu ezingadini zaminyaka yonke eduze kwama-zinnia, ama-lavender, nama-trellises.
Isikhathi sokutshala i-gladioli
Ama-gladiolus bulbs angatshalwa amasonto amabili ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokugcina esilindelwe entwasahlobo. Kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-40 kuye kwezingama-60 ukusuka ekuhlwanyeleni kuya ekuqhakazeni (amahora ayi-12 okukhanya ukuze kuqhakaze).
Ukuze uthole isivuno esiqhubekayo sama-flower spikes, tshala ama-bulb ambalwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Nawa amathiphu:
- Tshala ama-bulb ekujuleni kuka-5 kuya ku-10 cm, kuye ngobukhulu besibani. Ibanga phakathi kwabo kufanele libe ngu-10-15 cm.
- Ungawatshala ngemigqa noma ngamaqembu ama-bulb ayi-10 noma ayi-15.
- Into eyodwa ebalulekile okungafanele siyikhohlwe ukuwafutha ngesibulali sikhunta ngaphambi kokutshala ukuvikela izinkinga ezizayo.
- Uma izitshalo sezihlumile futhi sezicishe zibe ngu-10cm ubude, yenza izindunduma ezizizungezile ukusiza ukusekela iziqu.
Izinhlobo ezinde zivame ukudinga ukugoba noma ukugoqana ukuze kuvinjelwe ama-flower spikes ukuthi angagobi futhi awe emoyeni.
Ukwenza izindunduma ezizungeze izitshalo kusiza kakhulu, kodwa sebenzisa izikhonkwane ngazinye noma udale igridi ukuze uzibambe zimi endaweni yazo futhi ugcine iziqu ziqondile. Khumbula ukubeka izigxobo ngesikhathi sokutshala ukuze ugweme ukulimaza ama-bulb kamuva.
I-substrate kanye nezinga lokushisa
Uma sesazi ukuthi singatshala nini i-gladioli, kufanele siqhubekele kulokho okudingekayo. Okokuqala, i-substrate. Nakuba bevumelana nezinhlobo eziningi zenhlabathi, laba buhle bakhululekile endaweni enesihlabathi, evundile kahle. Noma yimuphi umhlabathi ofanele ukutshala imifino ufanelekile i-gladioli.
Ungaxuba umquba embhedeni wokutshala ngaphambi kokutshala ukuze usize ngokukhipha amanzi kanye nokuvunda komhlabathi. Yebo, uyawazonda amandle amasha, ngakho ungacabangi nokuwalahla phansi. i-gladioli abaqhudelani kahle nezinye izitshalo noma ukhula, ngakho-ke ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, gcina indawo ezungezile ihlanzekile.
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-gladioli ziphela ngobusika ezindaweni ezifudumele kakhulu, ngaphandle kwezinhlobonhlobo ezithile, i-Gladiolus nanus, engakwazi ukudlula ubusika ezindaweni ezipholile.
Isikhathi sokutshala i-gladioli: ukuqhakaza
Izimbali ze-gladiolus zivela ehlobo (imvamisa ekuqaleni) futhi zingaqhakaza kuze kube ekwindla, ikakhulukazi uma uzitshala ngezigaba. Iziqu zayo zezimbali eziqonde kakhulu ziyizinsika ezinde zezimbali eziningana ezinkulu, eziwumngcingo. Amaqabunga made futhi aqondile.
Ngokuqondene nemibala, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu. Ungawathola e-maroon, epinki, ephuzi, ekhilimu, ekhorali ngisho eluhlaza. Kuhle ukusika izimbali ezibunile ukuze vumela ama-bulb ukuthi aqale ukuqongelela imisoco, kodwa kufanele inqanyulwe uma iziphongolo zezimbali sezifiphele ngokuphelele.
Uma unentshisekelo yokukhulisa i-gladioli njengezimbali ezisikiwe, izikhonkwane kufanele zisikwe lapho izimbali ezingezansi esiqwini ziqala ukukhombisa umbala. Ngokusika iziqu zezimbali, ungashiya okungenani amaqabunga amane esitshalweni ukuze ama-bulb akwazi ukudla kahle futhi aqhakaze ngonyaka olandelayo. Ngokushesha ngemva kokusika, cwilisa iziqu emanzini.
Ukukhanyisa, ukuchelela kanye nomanyolo
Indawo ekhethwayo yokukhanyisa i-gladioli ilanga eligcwele, futhi nakuba zikwazi ukubekezelela ilanga elincane, zisebenza kahle kakhulu elangeni eligcwele. Lesi sitshalo se-bulbous ngeke siqhakaze emthunzini.
Ukunisela kwe-gladiolus kufanele kube ngokwanele ekuqaleni nangaphansi kwalokho, kodwa ukugwema ukomisa inhlabathi, ngoba ingakhipha isisu futhi ingaqhakazi uma kukhona ukuntuleka kwamanzi (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokubonakala kweziqu zembali).
Khumbula ukugcina indawo otshala kuyo i-gladiolus ingenakhula, njengoba ekwenzayo nje ukuncintisana ngemisoco kanye nomswakama. Umqondo omuhle ukumboza nge-mulch yamagxolo amagxolo, sawdust noma utshani.
Gcina izitshalo ze-gladiolus ziniselwe kahle ukuze zikhiqize izimbali ezinkulu, futhi inhlabathi kufanele ibe manzi, kodwa ingabi namanzi.
Lapho ukhokha, khetha umanyolo oncibilikayo emanzini, lapho isitshalo sikhula cishe ngo-25 cm; sebenzisa ibanga elincane lika-10-12 cm ukusuka esiqwini. Lapho ama-flower spikes eqala ukuthuthukisa umbala, ungenza ukuvundiswa kwesibili. Gwema "umanyolo we-ammoniacal" njengoba uvuselela ukukhula kweFusarium.
Ngokuqondene nendlela yokugcina ama-gladiolus ama-gladiolus, ezindaweni ezifudumele ungawangcwaba emhlabathini bese uzama ukumboza umhlabathi ngohlaka lwe-hay noma utshani ukuze uvikeleke emazingeni okushisa asebusika. Ezifundeni ezifudumele kancane, ngaphandle kwezinhlobonhlobo ezimelana nazo, kufanele simbe ama-bulb ukuze siwagcine ebusika ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala ukukwazi ukutshala i-gladioli ehlobo elizayo.
Ngokuvamile, ama-bulb angambiwa cishe amasonto ayisithupha ngemuva kokuqhakaza, futhi sizokwazi ukuthi amaqabunga awo aqala nini ukuphuzi futhi afe.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nesikhathi sokutshala i-gladiolus ezimbili nokuthi kufanele uyikhulise kanjani.