I-Baobab (Adansonia digitata)

Sizofunda kabanzi ngesinye sezihlahla ezinhle kakhulu ezihlala e-savanna yase-Afrika: the baobab. Futhi kungenye yezintandokazi kakhulu futhi aziwa kubaqoqi nabalandeli bezitshalo zasogwadule ezinjenge-cacti kanye neziphuzo ezinoshukela. Igama layo lesayensi ngu I-Adansonia digitata, futhi isici sayo esiyinhloko, empeleni, ubukhulu bayo.

Ngesiqu esijiyile, esimise ibhodlela namaqabunga amahle aluhlaza, ngakho-ke kuyindlela enhle kulabo abanengadi esimweni sezulu esifudumele.

Umsuka nezimpawu ze-baobab

I-Baobab kugcwele eningizimu yeSahara, kepha ngoba ingaphila kusuka olwandle kuze kube cishe ku-1200m wokuphakama, ingatholakala kulo lonke izwekazi. Noma kunjalo, uma kwenzeka uba nethuba lokuya lapho, sincoma ukuthi uvakashele iKruger National Park, eningizimu ye-Afrika, ebuye ibe yikhaya lesinye sezilwane ezibaluleke kakhulu ezweni, elinendawo ecishe ibe yi-19 amakhilomitha ayinkulungwane.

Isici lesi sihlahla esinaso, kanye nezinye eziningi okufanele ziphile ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezifanayo, ukuthi, ehlobo ilahlekelwa amaqabungaKepha lapho kuqala inkathi yemvula, iyamila futhi. Kuyisinyathelo abasithathile ukugwema ukulahleka okukhulu kwamanzi okungenzeka ngenkathi eshisayo neyomile kakhulu yonyaka, ebeka engcupheni impilo yesihlahla.

Ngesikhathi lapho lina futhi amazinga okushisa eba mnandi ngokwengeziwe, lolu hlobo luyoba namaqabunga akhiwe ngamaphinifa noma amapheshana abanzi namade, ombala oluhlaza.

Ingakhula ifike ku- ukuphakama okungaphezu kwamamitha angamashumi amabili, futhi umboko wayo ungalinganisa ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-40 ubukhulu. Kuyamangalisa, akunjalo? Kungaphezu kwezihlahla eziningi.

Elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi kutholakale izibonelo eziphila kuze kube manje iminyaka 4000.

Iqhakaza nini i-baobabs?

Izimbali zimhlophe futhi zimise okwesandla, into eyinika isibongo digitata, okusho ukuthi "ngeminwe." Zilinganisa amasentimitha ayi-12 ububanzi, futhi ziqala ukuhluma lapho isihlahla sineminyaka engaba ngu-20 ubudala, nokushona kwelanga. Abavolontiya babo bangamalulwane, ngakho iphunga abalikhiphayo alithandeki. Lokhu kuhluma kuphela kuzinhlobo zabantu abadala.

Uma sikhuluma ngesithelo, saziwa njengesinkwa semfene noma ithanga laseSenegal, sinesimo esiyindilinga futhi sikhulu impela, singamasentimitha ayi-15 ububanzi nokuphakama.

Yikuphi ukunakekelwa okufanele kunikezwe?

Ekulimeni akuyona inhlobo efuna kakhulu. Kufanele iphathwe sengathi iyi-cactus, okungukuthi, i-substrate ekhanyayo ne-porous, ukunisela ngenkasa masonto onke noma ngeviki (kuya ngemvula nokushisa endaweni), futhi ukhokhe entwasahlobo nasehlobo ngokulandela izincomo zomenzi womanyolo oshiwo.

Ngokufanayo, kubalulekile ukuthi ivezwe enkosini yelanga, ngoba uma kungenjalo ngeke ikwazi ukukhula ezimeni. Ngalesi sizathu, akusona isitshalo esifanelekile ukuba nezindlu.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ungayitshala kanjani i-baobab?

Yisiphi isimo sezulu esidinga ama-baobabs?

La I-Adansonia digitata uhlala ezindaweni lapho isimo sezulu sishisa khona, okungukuthi, lapho amazinga okushisa ahlala ngaphezu kuka-0 degrees Celsius, njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kuka-300 no-500 mm wemvula kuqoshwa unyaka nonyaka. Lezi zimvula ziphazanyiswa yisomiso esingahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa, ngakho-ke isihlahla asinamaqabunga ngaleso sikhathi.

Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi, uma isikhuliswe endaweni lapho isimo sezulu sipholile khona, nezinkathi ezine ezihluke kakhulu, izohlala iyinhlobo enqabayo, kepha esikhundleni sokulahlekelwa amahlamvu ayo ehlobo, izokwenza njalo ekwindla- ebusika ngenxa yamakhaza. Lokhu kuziphatha kubonakala kwezinye izitshalo ezinomsuka wasezindaweni ezishisayo nakwezifudumele, njenge-flamboyant (I-Delonix regia) ikhule ezindaweni ezifudumele, futhi akuyona into okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo.

Ngeshwa, ayimelani nesithwathwa. Mhlawumbe izibonelo zabantu abadala ezineminyaka eminingi yokuzivumelanisa nezimo zingabekezelela isithwathwa esincane kakhulu, esifushane kakhulu, kepha kunzima. Ezingadini ezifudumele ezinezinkathi ezichazwe kahle (ezinemvula nezomile), kungabukeka buhle.

Ungayitshala kanjani i-baobab?

Ukuthola ikhophi ye- I-Adansonia digitata imbewu kungakuhle ukulandela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Okokuqala ukushisa amanzi, aze ashise kodwa ngaphandle kokubilisa (kufanele abe cishe ku-40ºC ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi).
2. Bese, ugcwalisa i-thermos ngalawo manzi, bese wethula imbewu. Zigcine lapho amahora angama-24.
3. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, batshale ezimbizeni ngazinye nge-vermiculite, ubangcwabe isentimitha elilodwa noma okunye okuncane. Ngaphezu kwanoma yini, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukubachaya kuzakhi.
4. Ngemuva kwalokho, izithombo ziyaniselwa bese zibekwa eduze komthombo wokushisa.

Uma izinga lokushisa lihlala ngaphezu kuka-20-30ºC, futhi uma imbewu isha, izohluma ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-20.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ungayikhiqiza kanjani kabusha i-baobab

Ungayitshala kanjani i-baobab?

Isibindi

Uma ufuna ukutshala i-baobab engadini yakho, kufanele ulandele lesi sinyathelo ngesinyathelo:

1. Okokuqala, kufanele wenze umgodi cishe wamasentimitha angama-50 x 50 ngegeja, isibonelo, endaweni ekhanyiswe yilanga.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, wethula ungqimba lwetshe elijiyile lobumba cishe ngamasentimitha ama-5-7 ukuphakama.
3. Okokugcina, tshala isihlahla sakho ngokugcwalisa umgodi nge-pomx, isihlabathi se-quartz noma okufanayo, uqiniseke ukuthi awuphansi kakhulu maqondana nezinga lomhlabathi.

Imbiza yezimbali

Uma kwenzeka ufuna ukuyitshala ebhodweni, noma uma usunayo kakade futhi ubone ukuthi idinga enkulu, kufanele wenze okulandelayo:

1. Okokuqala, kufanele ukhethe ibhodwe elinezimbobo kusisekelo. Kungenziwa ngepulasitiki noma ngobumba, noma ngabe sincoma okwamuva ngale ndlela ukuthi kuzokwazi ukugxila kangcono.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele uyigcwalise nge-pumice noma efanayo, kuze kube cishe uhhafu.
3. Bese, ususe umuthi ebhodweni lawo elidala, uwufake omusha. Qiniseka ukuthi ayiphakeme kakhulu noma iphansi kakhulu.
4. Ekugcineni, uma isendaweni ephakeme, kufanele uqede ukugcwalisa i-pumice, namanzi.

Isebenzani i-baobab?

Ekugcineni, kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukusetshenziswa okunikezwe kulesi sihlahla:

• Okubaluleke kakhulu yi- okunomsoco: ngemicu yesithelo sezithelo neziphuzo zenziwa; ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga asetshenziselwa ukwenza amasobho. Futhi hhayi lokho kuphela, kodwa kukhishwa uwoyela wetafula embewini emnyama.
• I-baobab nayo okwelapha. Inezinto eziningi: i-astringent, i-febrifuge, i-sudorific futhi ivuselele isifiso sokudla.
• Vele kunjalo imihlobiso, yize ukulinywa kwayo ezingadini kuvinjelwe kuphela kulezo zindawo lapho isimo sezulu sisifanele khona. Imvamisa itshalwa njengesibonelo esingalodwa.