Eqenjini lesitshalo UNigella Sithole izinhlobo ezimbili ezithokozisayo ezinezici zokwelapha nezokuhlobisa. Imayelana ne- Nigella sativa futhi i UNigella damascena. Yizinhlobo ezimbili zomndeni wakwaRanunculaceae futhi zaziwa ngezimpawu zazo ezihlukile.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, ukutshalwa nokunakekelwa kwe- Nigella sativa futhi i UNigella damascena.
Izici zikaNigella sativa
Lesi sitshalo saziwa kakhulu igama likhumini elingamanga, ukukhanya kwangaphandle, ikhumini elimnyama, phakathi kwabanye. Okugqama kakhulu ngalesi sitshalo esihlasimulisayo ukuthi imbewu yaso inezici zokwelapha. Izici zale mbewu zaziwa isikhathi eside futhi kusetshenziswe umuthi wendabuko. Umndeni wakwaRanunculaceae okulesi sitshalo unezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-2.500 XNUMX.
Yisitshalo saminyaka yonke esingasibona sisebenza ngokugcwele unyaka wonke. Inomsuka wayo e-Asia, noma kunjalo Namuhla itholakala cishe kuzo zonke izindawo zaseMedithera ngendlela eyejwayelekile. Esinye sezifiso lesi sitshalo esinaso ukuthi sinikeza iphunga lesici elikhumbuza i-nutmeg. Ngeke sikubone eSpain ngaphandle kokuthi sinesifiso sokukubona. Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amazwe aseMpumalanga itholakala ngobuningi obukhulu.
Ukulima kwe Nigella sativa
Ukutshalwa kwayo akunazimo ezikhethekile noma ukugcinwa okuningi ngoba kuyisitshalo se-rustic. Njengenjwayelo, ithanda inhlabathi ehlanganisiwe futhi enesiponji futhi enobumba noma ukuthungwa kwesihlabathi. Imvamisa kudinga ukufakwa okwengeziwe kwamanzi nomanyolo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ukuze sikwazi ukuthuthukisa izimbali eziningi nasesimweni esihle. Lesi sikhathi sokuqhakaza senzeka phakathi kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo. Kumele kucatshangwe ukuthi inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-pH, noma ingacacisi kakhulu kusukela, ngoba inezinga eliphezulu lokuqina, bayakwazi ukuhlala emhlabathini we-limestone.
Kufanele unakekele okuvame ukunikezwa izitshalo ezinamakha njenge-cumin. Singasandisa lesi sitshalo ngembewu bese sikhipha wonke amafutha abalulekile agcwele ukwelashwa. Yize kubhekwa njengesitshalo se-herbaceous esimnandi, Asikwazi ukudelela amandla wokuhlobisa izimbali zakho. Ngakho-ke, kuyisitshalo okubhekwa ukuthi sinezifundo eziningana, zokuhlobisa nezokwelapha.
Izimbali zayo zimhlophe futhi ziyabukisa. Ayinawo amaqabunga. Lapho isitshalo sibhulashiwe noma sinyakaziswa, sikhipha iphunga elisikhumbuza nge-nutmeg. Imbewu yayo inezakhiwo ezaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Yayisetshenziswa esikhundleni sikapelepele, yize ingenawo amandla aphelele we-capsaicin. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kube nokulinganisela ngoba kungaba nobuthi ezindaweni eziphakeme. Esinye sezimpawu ezivame kakhulu esidala ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwalezi zinhlamvu ukuhlanza nokuhlanza. Uma kudliwe ngokulinganisela, kungenza kube lula ukugaya. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukwenza izinkwa nezinhlama eJalimane.
Iphakathi kwezakhiwo zayo zokwelapha esizitholayo anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, antimicrobial properties, njll. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukulwa nesifo sikashukela, i-cholesterol nokunciphisa ubuhlungu.
Isici se- UNigella damascena
Lesi sitshalo sohlobo lwonyaka futhi sivame ukukhula emasimini atshaliwe nasezindaweni zamadlelo ezinamatshe. Ivela eningizimu yeYurophu nasendaweni yaseMedithera. Ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba kubhekwa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa. Igama layo elijwayelekile laziwa njenge Izinwele zeVenus, isibungu sesicabucabu, ukukhanya kwensimu, phakathi kwabanye.
Inezimbali ezinhle kakhulu ezivame ukukhula emasimini, ezimfundeni nasemaphethelweni emigwaqo. Ingakhula kalula ngaphandle kokulungiswa okuvela enzalweni. Izimbali zinemibala ehlukahlukene lapho sithola okumhlophe, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okubomvana nokubomvu ngokukhanyayo. Lesi sitshalo sinesiqu esiqondile futhi imvamisa sifinyelela ezindaweni eziphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-60 kuya kwangama-70.
njenge Nigella sativa Ziyizitshalo ze-rustic ezikwazi ukumelana nezikhathi zesomiso uma zidinga ukunakekelwa okuningi. Lokhu kwenza kube isitshalo esifanele ingadi yethu. Kwakuyisitshalo esiwusizo kakhulu engadini ngoba sihlobisa ngobuhle bezimbali zaso futhi amaphilisi wembewu nawo ayahlobisa ngemuva kokuthi omile.
Ukulima kwe UNigella Damascena
Lesi sitshalo kulula kakhulu ukusikhulisa futhi asidingi ukunakekelwa okuningi. Ithanda inhlabathi yelimestone enamanzi amaningi futhi inezinto eziningi eziphilayo. Ngalokhu, kuyathakazelisa ukukhokha ngokungeza umquba kangcono ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Ukunisela nokuyigcina isesilinganisweni unyaka wonke. Njengoba inokumelana okukhulu nesomiso, singasebenzisa njengesikhombisi sokuthi ama-substrates ayoma ukunisela futhi.
Ingazaliswa kabusha ngembewu entwasahlobo. Kwesinye isikhathi lesi sitshalo sivamise ukuzimela, ngakho-ke akufanele sinake kakhulu lesi sitshalo uma sifuna ukusandisa. Lapho lesi sitshalo sikhule ngqo emhlabathini, sinemiphumela engcono kunangesikhathi sikhule ebhodweni. Ingashintshelwa cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezulu. Udinga nje indawo elangeni eligcwele nasemhlabathini okwaziyo ukubamba umswakama futhi unamanzi amaningi. Amanzi yikhona okusiza ukuvimbela ukuchelela namanzi emvula ukuthi angagcinwa enhlabathini, okwenza izimpande zibole.
Ingakhula futhi emhlabathini wobumba ocebile ngezinto eziphilayo. Kufanele uqaphele izinyoni nemiphumela yelanga. Lesi sitshalo sengozini enkulu lapho siqeda. Lapho isigaba sokuqala sokukhula sidlulile, besivele sisengozini enkulu ezinyonini nasemisebeni yelanga. Ayimelani nesithwathwa, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokuhlwanyela singcono entwasahlobo.
njenge Nigella sativa, lo UNigella Damascena futhi inezinto zokwelapha. Phakathi kwalezi zakhiwo kukhona ukwelashwa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene ezihlobene isibindi, ukuxoshwa kwamagesi, uhudo kanye nokugqugquzela ukuya esikhathini kwabesifazane. Kumele zithathwe ngokuqapha ngoba amazinga aphezulu okusetshenziswa angaba nobuthi.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zeNigella.