Isihlahla semvula (Samanea saman)

Samane saman kungumuthi oyingxenye yesiko lamazwe amaningi asezindaweni ezishisayo Kwethulwa emhlabeni wonke lapho izimo zezulu zokuthuthuka kwawo zikhona.

Kulesi sihloko wena sizobonisa zonke izici zayo, indawo lapho itholakala khona kakhulu futhi uzofunda nangezinye izinto zokwelapha lesi sihlahla esikhulu esinazo empilweni yabantu.

Izici zika Samane saman

Ufuna ukwazi esinye sezihlahla ezibonakala kakhulu endaweni eshisayo yaseMelika Ephakathi, ngomlingiswa wayo wokuhlobisa nekhwalithi yomthunzi wawo?

Samanea saman kungumuthi ophakeme kakhulu, elinganiselwa kumamitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-45 cishe, esiqwini salo sinobubanzi obungamamitha amabili kanye nokuma komqhele waso okuyinikeza uphawu lwesakhi esikhulu somenzi, ngoba inesimo sesambulela esikhulu esingalinganisa cishe amamitha angama-60 ububanzi.

Inamagxolo anemibala emnyama mpunga, ibonisa ukuqhekeka okumi mpo nokuxebuka kumaflaya aminyene anjengonxande. Isiqu sawo sime ngendlela eyindilinga futhi isisekelo saso side, sikhula ngokungalingani ngenxa ye-heliotropism yaso. Amagatsha awo angaba yimomentose noma ahlanzeke ngokwemvelo.

Kushiya

I-pulbínulo leyo amaqabunga awo engxenyeni eyisisekelo ye-petiole enza la, kuyavalwa ebumnyameni bobusuku. Amaqabunga awo asempilweni enhle cishe unyaka wonke, yize ngezikhathi zesomiso angalahleka ngenxa yesimo sawo esinqunyiwe.

Kepha lokhu kwenzeka kuphela kuleso sigaba lapho, ngokushesha nje lapho kuphela, umuthi ubuyisa masisha wonke amahlamvu awo ukubukeka njengesihlahla esihlala siluhlaza futhi.

Amaqabunga awo aluhlaza okotshani futhi ungathola ngababili kuya kwabayisithupha ngegatsha ngalinye, elinganiselwa kumasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-35 ubude ngamasentimitha aphakathi kuka-12 no-34 ububanzi. I-petiole ingamasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-40 ubude.

Izikhukhula

Izimbali ze Samane saman zenzeka kuma-panicles wokugcina futhi phakathi kwemibala yayo okuluhlaza okomhlophe kuyahlukaniswa, okwethula ezimweni eziningi imikhuba ethile eveza umbala osukela kokunsomi kuya kupinki.

El i-calyx yalezi zimbali ezinama-pedicellate inesimo esifana naleso sefeleni, futhi i-corolla yayo inombala oba phakathi kwamathoni abomvu naphuzi. Ngokuya ngezwe laseMelika Ephakathi neningizimu lapho kutholakala khona lesi sihlahla, ukuqhakaza kwaso kungenzeka phakathi kwezinyanga ezahlukahlukene zonyaka, kepha ngokuvamile lokhu kuzokwenzeka phakathi kukaJanuwari kuya ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli cishe.

Izithelo

Este Inezithelo ezinezici ezibucayi, amadumba awo ahlala ngendlela eqondile angalinganisa cishe amasentimitha angama-20 ubude futhi abe ngamasentimitha amabili ububanzi.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Siyini isitshalo semidumba?

Isithelo ngasinye sinezinhlamvu ezibalelwa kwezingu-8 futhi ekubukekeni kwazo zinomumo oyisicaba nemibala emnyama, kusuka kokumnyama kuya kokusundu njengokukhanya okulula kakhulu. Izithelo ze Samane saman izobonakala esihlahleni phakathi naphakathi noJanuwari nasekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari kuya kuJuni, lesi kuyisikhathi esivamile sokuthela.

Madera

Isici sokhuni lwesiqu se Samane saman amandla ayo adonsela phansi aphakathi nendawo naphakathi. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi imelane kakhulu, isibonelo, ukuhlaselwa komuhlwa, hhayi isihlahla esithandwayo salezi. Mayelana nokuhlaselwa kwesikhunta, lolu khuni lukhonjiswa futhi ukuthi luyamelana, futhi lungonakaliswa yisibonelo salokhu.

Imibala ensundu igqame okhunini.. Kokunye kulula futhi kokunye kumnyama ngokwendalo. Okunikezwa yizo zonke izinhlobonhlobo kungumuthi womuthi ophuma ngemibala esukela kokuphuzi kuye kokumhlophe.

Ukusatshalaliswa nendawo yokuhlala

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, kungamazwe aseMelika Ephakathi neningizimu lapho lesi sihlahla sithola khona umsuka waso. Yindawo ebanzi lapho itholakala khona, iqala eningizimu neParaguay futhi inyukele enyakatho, idabule iPeru, iColombia, iVenezuela kanye nawo wonke amazwe aphakathi kuze kufike eMexico.

Kepha hhayi kulezi zindawo kuphela lapho i Samane saman, ngoba sibonga umlingiswa wabo wokuhlobisa kanye nenani lomthunzi abangalikhiqiza, Lokhu kwethulwe kwamanye amazwe ashisayo emhlabeni wonke.

Kuyizimo ezinomswakama ezifanelana kahle nalesi sihlahla, yize ikwazi futhi ukumelana nesimo sezulu esithile esomile, ikwazi ukuyithola ngisho nasezindaweni ezifika kumamitha ayi-1000 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, nemvula engahluka phakathi kwamamilimitha angama-900 kuya kwangu-2.500 XNUMX emvula yonyaka.

Izindawo lapho kukhula khona bangaba namazinga okushisa ahlukahlukene aphakathi kuka-20 ° C no-35 ° C futhi ingakhula ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezindaweni lapho kunezinyanga eziyisithupha zesomiso, ilahlekelwe amaqabunga kuphela.

Amanzi ukhiye oyisisekelo inhlabathi okumele ibe nawo ukuze ithuthuke. Noma ngabe kunamanzi amaningi angaphila enhlabathini engenamsoco. Njengenjwayelo, izici zenhlabathi lapho lolu hlobo lwesihlahla lukhula khona kakhulu Zisukela kobumba obuvundile ziye enhlabathini enesihlabathi, ziveza i-pH engaba ngu-6 noma u-7.

Konke lokhu ilunikeza isici esenza izinto ezihlukahlukene kakhulu Mayelana nezimo zezulu kanye nenhlabathi engaba yiyo, itholakala ikakhulukazi emahlathini ahlanzekile, phakathi kwezimila zemvelo ezilethwa yihlathi ngisho nasemaphaseji emifula.

Ukusetshenziswa

Ukubaza kungenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngokhuni. Samani saman, okwakhe ukumelana nezikhulu. Izinkuni zayo zisetshenziswa yilaba bachwepheshe ukwenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo yokunethezeka, njengefenisha kanokusho, amakhabethe kanye namaposi, kufinyelela esiphethweni esihle futhi esimangazayo ngenxa yemibala yayo.

Ukuma kwesambulela esikhulu esinomqhele waso kwenza lesi sihlahla sisetshenziswe kabanzi ukuzungeza izitshalo ezidinga umthunzi. Enye yazo ikhofi. Okunye ukusetshenziswa okuvame ukunikezwa ngenxa yobunjalo bayo njenge-generator enkulu yomthunzi ukuhlobisa amapaki, izindlu ezinkulu noma umhlaba lapho kunezikole, phakathi kokunye okuningi.

Izici zokwelapha

Phakathi kwezakhiwo, kukhona nezokwelapha. Isici sayo esiyinhloko i-anti-inflammatory, antifungal, astringent kanye ne-antipyretic, esetshenziswa kabanzi kulezi zindawo ekwelapheni izifo ezifana ne-eczema noma isifo sofuba.

Imbewu yayo, ngendlela esemhlabathini zivame ukusetshenziswa njengekhambi lomphimbo obuhlungu, kuyilapho amaqabunga awo evame ukwenziwa ama-infusions angama-laxatives. Ngale ndlela, ezinye izingxenye, njengegxolo, zingabiliswa ukwelapha izinkinga ezifana nokuqunjelwa noma uhudo.

Ezithelweni, i- Samane saman isebenza njenge-antimicrobial. Uma isetshenziswa njengesikhangiso esinamanzi inganciphisa amagciwane lokho kubangela zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga ezihlobene nesisu. Lezi yizo zonke izici nokusetshenziswa, isihlahla isithunzi saso singesinye sezibonakala kakhulu ezindaweni zaseMelika.