Kukhona isitshalo esisogwini lwemifula namachibi esiye saba isithombe esijwayelekile, esikhona i-spike ende enokwakheka okuyisilinda lokho kuvame ukudonswa engqondweni lapho ucabanga ngamathafa anezikhukhula.
Lesi sitshalo yi UTypha, owaziwa nangamagama we I-Cattail, i-cattail, i-cattail gladio noma i-cattail.
Izici
Amaqabunga awo asetshenziselwe amakhulu eminyaka ukwenza obhasikidi, izihlalo nezinye izinto. Kube wusizo olukhulu njengezinto zomzimba.
I-rhizome idliwa ezingxenyeni eziningi ezifana neBolivia nePeru, ngoba iqukethe isitashi esiphezulu, amahlumela wethenda angadliwa aphekiwe futhi impova isetshenziswa njengesengezo sokudla.
La UTypha o I-Cattail bekuvame ukubhekwa njengokhula olukhula ngokungakhethi emaphethelweni emithombo yamanzi, njengamachibi nemifula. Noma kunjalo, lesi sitshalo sasendulo sihloniphekile, senza izinto ezihlukahlukene futhi siwusizo kakhulu kokubili okwabantu nokunye okuphilayo.
Uhlobo lwalesi sitshalo lunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Zitholakala ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi nezinomswakama njengezindawo ezinokuthula zamanzi ahlanzekile, amachibi, amachibi, amaxhaphozi, imisele nemisele.
Lesi sitshalo sasemanzini esinezimpawu ze-herbaceous, okungukuthi, utshani obuqinile obungapheliIngafinyelela imitha elilodwa kuya kwamathathu ukuphakama ngesilinganiso samamitha ayi-2,5, kube yisiqu se-rhizomatous.
Izimbali zi-monoecious, okungukuthi, izimbali zesilisa nezesifazane esitshalweni esisodwa. Zinesici se-inflorescence esibulalayo futhi ziqukethe isipikha esiyindilinga sezimbali eziminyene kakhulu, owesilisa ngenhla nowesifazane ngezansi.
Amaqabunga alingana noma adlula ukuphakama kwama-spikes. Zime, zihlukaniswe ngobuningi, cishe njalo ziyisisekelo, zihlukaniswe, zigundwe, zilula, azihlukanisiwe, ziyisicaba, zihlangene futhi zizacile, zine-venation efanayo, enesiponji parenchyma.
Izimbali zincane kakhulu, azithandani ngokobulili, i-actinomorphic, kanti ezesifazane zine-hypogynous. Izimbali zesilisa kuma-spikes zifinyelela ubude obufinyelela kuma-40 cm ubude futhi ibe yi-15mm ububanzi futhi yehlukaniswe naleyo yabesifazane ngo-0,6-5 cm.
Lezi zimbali zikhipha impova kuma-tetrads noma kuma-monads kanti imbewu ine-endosperm yesitashi. Izithelo zesitshalo zingu-dehiscent nohlobo lwe-achene, nge-acrid gynophore nesitayela se-acrid.
Izinhlobo UTypha
La UTypha Yisitshalo esisakazeke ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba, yingakho sinamagama ahlukene, izinhlobo eziningana nokusetshenziswa okuhlukile. Yini enye uhlinzeke ngemvelo enhle kakhulu yezinyoni nezinambuzane, esebenza njengempahla eluhlaza yezidleke zezinyoni kanye nokudla kwezinhlobo eziningi.
UTypha latifolia
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cattail, i-cattail, i-bayon cattail, amacansi noma i-passion cattail ne-mace water, phakathi kwabanye. Lezi zinhlobo zikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo nakwezifudumele kusuka enyakatho Nenkabazwe, iqhakaza ehlobo futhi yenzeka ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi. Ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwemitha elilodwa nohhafu kuya kwamathathu kanti amaqabunga alinganisa amasentimitha amabili kuya kwamane ububanzi.
UTypha angustifolia
Lezi ezinye izinhlobo zaziwa ngegama elijwayelekile le- i-cattail, i-cattail ne-cattail. Ivela enyakatho yezwe, ikakhulukazi eNyakatho Melika, itholakala nasePeru naseChile.
Isiqu salesi sitshalo siyadliwa futhi ithandwa kakhulu eVietnam lapho bayibiza ngokuthi yi-bón bón.
Izinhlobo ze-typha empire
Lokhu futhi kufana nezinye izinhlobo kuyisitshalo se-herbaceous perennial, etholakala eNyakatho Nenkabazwe futhi ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi. Kwethulwa eNyakatho Melika futhi kubhekwa njenge-subcosmopolitan.
Ukunakekela nokulima
Uma une noma ufuna ukuba nesiko le-Anea kubalulekile ukwazi ezinye zezici zalo bese ulandela izeluleko ezithile. Yize kuyisitshalo esimelana kahle ngenxa yemvelo yaso yasendle, kubalulekile ukwazi indawo lapho zikhula kalula khona.
Indawo ye- UTypha kufanele yenzelwe ngaphandle lapho ithola khona inani elifanele lokukhanya kwelanga. Kufanele zitshalwe entwasahlobo futhi uma ubungozi beqhwa bungekho. Yize kungafuneki kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngomhlaba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ibe nepayipi elihle.
Njengoba uyisitshalo sasemanzini, kufanele kubhekwe amazinga omswakama. Isitshalo esisosebeni lomfula sidinga ukuba nesiqu esimanziNoma kunjalo, amanzi awakwazi ukufinyelela emaqabungeni noma okungenani hhayi kakhulu. Ukwenza umquba kufanele kwenziwe ezinyangeni ezifudumele ngamaminerali.
Ukuthena kufanele kwenziwe lapho ama-inflorescence namaqabunga esomile, okungcono ngesikele. Yisitshalo esimelana kakhulu nezilokazane nezifo Futhi ingamelana namakhaza aze afike okungenani ku-4 degrees Celsius.
La UTypha Kuyisitshalo esikhula ngokuzenzekelayo, kubhekwa njengokhula futhi kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba njenge e-Argentina basebenzise ngisho nokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali ukuze kuqedwe.
Njengoba kuyisitshalo esithathwa njengesasendle, ayikho incwadi eqondile yokutshalwa kwaso, kepha-ke futhi ngenxa yokuthi ilahlekelwe umhlaba omningi ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi, eminye imiphakathi isisebenzisele ukuwutshala ngolwazi olusetshenzisiwe esikhathini esedlule.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cattail namuhla
La UTypha, U-Anea noma uTotora uhlale enokusetshenziswa kwendabuko futhi yilokho ngamabhasikidi awo ama-spikes, kwenziwa ifenisha futhi esimweni seminye imiphakathi yomdabu ngisho nezikebhe ezincane.
Amahlumela wethenda we UTypha angustifolia zidliwe njengemifino futhi zine-iodine ephezulu. Abanye nabo bazimisele ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ukulawula umkhuhlane nohudo.
Njengamanje umsebenzi omangalisa kakhulu walesi sitshalo ukumelana kwawo nama-anoxic agents, okusetshenziswa emkhakheni we-phytoremediation ngenhloso yokwelapha amanzi angcolile. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo njenge i-heavy metal phytoaccumulator.
Okokugcina, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isetshenziselwe okokusebenza okwenziwe eluhlaza ukwenza iphepha iminyaka eminingi nokubukeka kwayo futhi ihlobene kakhulu nezwe elinomswakama kwenza kube yinto ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwemihlobiso yemihlobiso.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zikaTypha bezilokhu zikhona ezilwaneni zasendle, futhi ukubona inani lazo kuba yi Ulwazi lwemvelo oluthakazelisa ngempela.