Izinhlelo zokunisela seziye zaba ngobuchwepheshe kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuze kube yilapho sezikwazi ukulawulwa ngokugcwele zikude futhi zifinyelele ukusebenza kahle okulokhu kukhula njalo. Enye yezinto ezivuse isasasa kubalimi eminyakeni yamuva nje ukuchelela ngaphansi komhlaba. Inezinzuzo ezingenakuphikwa ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlelo, kodwa futhi inezinye izinkinga ezidinga ukulawulwa ngokunembile kakhulu.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukukutshela ukuthi yini ukuchelela ngaphansi komhlaba, yiziphi izici zayo, izinzuzo kanye nokubi.
Kuyini ukuchelela ngaphansi komhlaba
Ukuchelela ngaphansi komhlaba kuyindlela yokufaka amanzi ngaphansi komhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwenhlabathi, ama-microtubules angcwatshwa ukujula okuguquguqukayo phakathi kuka-10 no-50 cm, nokugeleza kokukhipha kuphansi, phakathi kuka-0,5 no-8 l/h. Ngale ndlela, izingxenye ezithile zenhlabathi kuphela ezimanziswa futhi umswakama awukhuphukeli phezulu. Umthamo womhlabathi omanziswe yishubhu ngalinye ubizwa ngokuthi isibani esimanzi.
Lelisu lokunisela libandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi amancane kakhulu kanye nemvamisa ephezulu. Okungukuthi, ukuchelela okuningi ekucheleni ngakunye, futhi ukuchelela ngakunye kunciphisa inani lamanzi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama enhlabathini uhlala usezingeni elingashintshi, ukuvimbela ukuguquguquka komswakama wenhlabathi.
Le ndlela, njengokunisela ngamaconsi, inomgomo wayo oyinhloko ukuhlinzeka ngokusekela okuqhubekayo esitshalweni nokuhlinzeka ngamanzi nezakhamzimba ngendlela yendawo nangevolumu encishisiwe.
Izinselelo zezolimo
Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu zanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokunisela ukufeza ngendlela ephumelelayo ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze wonge amanzi amaningi kanye nemali. Amanzi amaningi alahlekile akhiqizwa ukuhwamuka. Ezinhlelweni zokunisela zasemoyeni njengezifafazi nezisetshenziswa zokusakaza, amanzi afuthwe emoyeni ahwamuka (futhi enye ingxenye imuka nomoya) ngaphambi kokuwa.
Ngokuchelela ngamaconsi, ukuhwamuka kuyancishiswa kodwa kusabalulekile. Futhi, emithambekeni ewumqansa, kungase kube khona umonakalo othile ngenxa yokugeleza (amanzi ageleza phezu komhlaba ngaphambi kokungena emhlabathini).
Izinhlelo zokuchelela ngokuconsa ngaphansi komhlaba zihlanganisa ukungcwaba consa amapayipi okunisela ekujuleni okuphakathi kuka-10 no-50 cm (kuye ngokuthi iniselwa ini) ukuze wonke amanzi anikezwe ngaphansi komhlaba.
I-dripper ngayinye yenza isibani esimanzi (indawo enomswakama ophezulu) engafinyeleli phezulu. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga zezimpande, ukuchelela kufanele kuqhutshekwe isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze izigaxa ezimanzi zihlangane futhi zakhe umngcele omanzi.
Izinzuzo zokuchelela ngaphansi komhlaba
- Ukonga amanzi okukhulu. Nciphisa noma uvimbele ukulahleka kwamanzi ngokuhwamuka kwendawo, njengoba amanzi engafinyeleli phezulu, ngaphandle kwalapho kutshalwa khona izimo ezithile.
- Gwema ukugeleza, finyelela ukufana okukhulu kokunisela futhi ugweme izinkinga zomoya.
- Yehlisa ukuba khona kokhula ngokungamanzisi ebusweni bomhlaba
- Ithuthukisa umsoco wezitshalo njengoba amanzi nezakhamzimba kufinyelela ezimpandeni ngokuqondile, ngaleyo ndlela zisebenzisa kangcono i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium.
- Umanyolo uyalondolozwa ngoba uyasebenza kakhulu.
- Yehlisa ubukhona bezifo nezilokazane njengoba inciphisa umswakama weziqu namaqabunga ezitshalo.
- Ivimbela ukulimala kwamagundane nezinyoni ohlelweni.
- Yonga isikhathi somsebenzi. Ngokuya ngesitshalo, amahlumela asemaceleni akufanele abekwe noma avunwe minyaka yonke, ngoba avimbela ngokuphelele ukuwohloka kwezinto ezisetshenziswa yi-thermoplastic okubangelwa imisebe ye-UV.
- Ukulima okufinyelelekayo kuvunyelwe.
- Gwema ingozi yokucekelwa phansi.
nebubi
- Ukuhlola okubonakalayo akuvunyelwe. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kungaxazululwa ngokusatshalaliswa okuhle kwamamitha amanzi noma izikali zokucindezela.
- Izimpande zingangena ku-dripper, zibangele ukuvinjelwa, futhi izinhlayiya zomhlabathi zingamuncwa ku-dripper kanye ne-clog. Njengamanje, ezinye izigaba zama-dripper zinezinhlelo zomzimba ezivimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki.
- Ukugcinwa kwamapayipi angcwatshiwe kunzima. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ifakwe ngokuphepha okukhulu.
- Izindleko zokufaka nokulungisa ziyakhuphuka.
Ukucatshangelwa Okukhethekile Kokuchelela ngaphansi komhlaba
- I-valve ye-anti-vacuum epayipini lokusabalalisa. Lawa ma-valve kufanele ahlangabezane nezidingo ezimbili: ukukhipha umoya epayipini lapho ugcwalisa futhi ufaka umoya noma ube anti-vacuum lapho uphuma ohlangothini.
Indawo yala ma-valve ibaluleke kakhulu ukuze bafeze izinhloso zabo. Indawo izoncika ekutheni izwe liyatsheka yini nokuthi umthambeka uphezulu noma uphansi. Kunoma yikuphi, okungenani i-valve eyodwa kufanele ifakwe ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu zokusabalalisa kanye nezintambo zokugeza.
- Isistimu yokugeza eceleni
- Amabanga amafushane phakathi kwama-transmitters
- Hlola isihlungi uma kunesidingo.
- Abakhiphi abanezakhiwo ezikhethekile: kufanele zingavumeli ukumuncwa ukuze zivikele ukuhogela izinhlayiya nge-dripper uma ukuchelela sekuyekile, futhi kufanele zimelene kakhulu nokuvala futhi zizihlanze lapho ukungcola kungena ngaphakathi.
Ngokufingqa, izinzuzo zokuchelela ngokuconsa ngaphansi komhlaba zingaphezu kokubi. Ukunciphisa lokhu kokugcina, njengoba ubona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwesistimu bese ukhetha isihlungi sekhwalithi ephezulu, esizovimbela izinkinga zokuvala futhi siqinisekise ukufana okuhle kokusabalalisa kwamanzi nomanyolo.
Uma ufuna ukuthola ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokunisela olungcono kakhulu epulazini lakho, kufanele wenze ucwaningo olunzulu ngezici zepulazi kanye nezidingo zalo zamanzi, ucabangele ukutholakala kwamanzi futhi ucabangele isabelomali sokutshala ekufakeni. Uma ufuna ukonga amanzi amaningi endaweni ngangokunokwenzeka, uhlelo lokunisela ngokuconsa ngaphansi komhlaba luyindlela enhle futhi, ngokuphathwa okuhle nokuklama, luzokunikeza imiphumela engcono kakhulu.
uhlelo lotshani
Ngokuphambene nalokho esingase sikucabange, ukuchelela ngaphansi komhlaba endaweni yotshani kunenzuzo ngaphezu kokunisela izihlahla nezihlahla. Ukonga amanzi, singangeza:
- Utshani butholakala kalula njengoba zingekho izifafazi ezigijimayo. Ngotshani obusetshenziswa njalo nangokuqhubekayo (njengaseduze nedamu lokubhukuda), buchelele ngenkathi kukhona othile phezu kwalo.
- Yehlisa ukusabalala kwezifo. Amanzi amile otshanini angasebenza njengokudlulisa izifo phakathi kwezinye izitshalo nezinye. Lokhu akwenzeki ngenkasa egqitshiwe.
- Ukuziphatha okulimazayo kuyagwenywa, okuyikhanda elibuhlungu kwezinye izindawo. Isabelomali sokunakekela esidingekayo ukuze kungene izifafazi nama-diffuser asincane. Akukho kulokhu okudingekayo ohlelweni olungcwatshwe ngokugcwele.
- Ngenxa yokucushwa kwendlela yokusabalalisa amanzi, Izinhlelo zokuchelela zokuchelela zivame ukumanzisa izindawo ezingadingekile. Ngohlelo lokunisela olusemhlabathini, amanzi kulapho adinga khona, hhayi emigwaqweni yokuhamba, amabhentshi, izigxobo zezinsiza, imigwaqo, njll.
- Kudingeka uphenyo olubalulekile ezindaweni ezinemithambeka ukuya finyelela ukufana okuphezulu ekucheleleni kokuchelela. Nokho, kuyohlale kukhona ukulahlekelwa umswakama okungagwemeki. Amasistimu okunisela angaphansi komhlaba abhekana kahle nokungafani inqobo nje uma kusetshenziswa ivalvu yokuhlola efanele ukuze kuzuzwe ukufana okuhle.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokunisela okungaphansi komhlaba kanye nezici zayo.