Lapho uqala ukucabanga ngengadi, okungcono kakhulu ongakwenza ukucabanga ngephrojekthi ngokuya ngezimo zemvelo zendawo. Lokho ukusho ukuthi indawo okukhulunywa ngayo inezici ezinjani, uma inamazinga ahlukene, uma ilanga likhanyisa wonke amakhona noma kukhona izindawo ezahlukanisiwe, uma kunezikhala ezimanzi nezomile futhi sinjani isimo sezulu lapho isikhala sikhona etholakala.
Kepha ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukutadisha i- izici zenhlabathi Uhlobo lwezitshalo ongalutshala kanye nezidingo zazo luzoya ngalo. Kunezinhlobo ezifanele izinhlobo ezithile zenhlabathi noma zezinhlobo ongazitshala emikhakheni ethile kodwa hhayi kweminye, unake izici ezithile zomkhakha ngamunye.
Izinhlobo zenhlabathi
Ukwehlukanisa izinhlobo zenhlabathi, into enhle kakhulu engenzeka ukwazi umlando wangaphambilini wendawo, uma kwakukhona uhlaza lapho ngaphambili, uma kwakukhona ukwakhiwa phambilini, uma kwakuyindawo yezintombi, njll. Lolu lwazi luzosebenza lapho kuhlaziywa inhlabathi nokwakheka kwayo.
Ngokusho kwe- ukuthungwa kwenhlabathi, okungukuthi, ukuthi ubukeka kanjani nokuthi uzizwa kanjani, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezine zenhlabathi:
- Iphansi lobumba: wuhlobo lomhlabathi ohlangene futhi singasho nokuthi injoloba lokho akuvumeli ukuthi amanzi angene kahle.
- Umhlabathi onamatshe: ngumhlabathi onamatshe amaningi yingakho ukulima kwezitshalo kunzima. Umhlaba nawo womile futhi uhlangene.
- Umhlabathi onesihlabathi: Ngokungafani nenhlabathi yobumba, le nhlabathi ivulekile futhi yomile ngakho amanzi amunca ngokushesha.
- Inhlabathi evulekile: kungumhlabathi olula futhi ovulekile oletha inani elikhulu le-silt (sediment river), i-humus ne-organic matter, yingakho ivundile kakhulu.
Uma ucabanga ngenhlabathi, kubalulekile ukubheka izinto ezintathu: ukunotha kwenhlabathi, amanzi kanye nezinga lokushisa. Umhlabathi ngamunye uzoba mpofu noma ucebe izakhamzimba ngenkathi ukukhanya kwenhlabathi kuzothinta umthamo wokumunca amanzi. Ukuthola umbono, okuhle ukuthi amanzi athatha kuze kube yimizuzwana emi-5 ukumunca futhi ahlala emhlabathini ihora lonke.
Ukujula kwenhlabathi
Uma uhlobo lomhlabathi engadini seluveziwe, kuzosizakala ukwazi ukujula kwalo njengoba kunezitshalo ezinezimpande ezivulekile ezidinga ukujula okukhulu ukuze zikwazi ukusabalala ngaphandle kwemikhawulo. Kucatshangelwe inhlabathi ejulile leyo eyeqa amamitha ama-2 ngokujula futhi zivumela ngisho nezihlahla ukuba zikhule kuzo.
I-Los inhlabathi engajulile ayikho ngaphezu kwama-50 cm ukujula futhi ngokuvamile le yinhlabathi egcwaliswe umhlaba wamapulazi. Kuzo kungenzeka kuphela ukutshala izitshalo ezincane.