Ngokufika kwekwindla eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, izitshalo zokuqala zesizini ye-Viola cornuta ziqala ukuvela. Bangodadewabo be-Viola x wittrockiana edumile, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-pansies. Ifana kakhulu ngokubukeka, nakuba isitshalo sihlangene kakhulu, sinezimbali ezincane, eziqhakazile. Ngokuvamile isitshalo esisetshenziswa kabanzi ukuhlobisa kokubili ingaphakathi nezingadi. Abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi ziyini ukunakekelwa kwe-viola cornuta futhi uma isengozini kakhulu esimweni sezulu esingesihle.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele mayelana nokunakekelwa okuyinhloko kwe-Viola cornuta, izici zayo nokubaluleka kwayo.
Izici eziyinhloko
Igama layo lesayensi yi-Viola cornuta futhi ingeyomndeni wakwaViola. Yaziwa nangamagama afana ne-violet, i-horned violet, ne-Pyrenean violet. Itholakala esifundeni saseMedithera e-Europe futhi ithathwa njengevamile kumaPyrenees aseSpain kanye nezintaba zaseCantabrian. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi Ifakwe ohlwini Olubomvu Lwezinhlobo Ezisengozini Zase-Andorra.
I-Viola cornuta isitshalo esingapheli esinamaqabunga aluhlaza okumnyama. I-oblong ukuya kweyindilinga, i-oval, eneziqu ezizacile ezikhula kusukela phansi kwesitshalo. Ingaba phakathi kuka-10 no-25 cm ngobukhulu njengesitshalo.
Izimbali zayo zincane kakhulu kune-Viola x wittrockiana, futhi zinephunga elimnandi, zisetshenziswa ekuhlobiseni okumnandi nezidliwayo. Izimbali ze-Violet zinephunga elilula, futhi ukunambitheka kuthambile futhi kubushelelezi ukunambitha, okulungele ukudliwa nokudla.
Umbala wezimbali zawo ungahlukahluka, njengoba njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa izinhlobo ezintsha zivela njalo, umbala wezimbali uyinto entsha kakhulu. I-tonic engaphelelwa yisikhathi, izimbali zayo ziyi-bicolor, ziyi- okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okunsomi okumnyama nokuphuzi imibala evelele kulezi zinhlanganisela. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwayo sigxile kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli enyakatho nenkabazwe.
I-Violet isetshenziswa njengesitshalo sembiza yokuhlobisa ezitshalweni zekwindla. Into evamile kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa ukwakha ama-rockeries, imibhede yezimbali kanye nemingcele, nakuba kuya ngokuya kuvame ukuwancoma wedwa noma ngamaqembu emasimini, ama-patios, ama-balconi ... noma ngisho nasekhaya njengemininingwane encane yezimbali. Kulesi simo, kuhle ukuzibeka eduze ngangokunokwenzeka nomthombo wokukhanya njengefasitela.
Incazelo enemininingwane ye-Viola cornuta
Izici ezifanele zezitshalo ze-Viola cornuta yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Kuyisitshalo esingapheli, okungukuthi, iphila iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili.
- Iyingxenye yesitshalo esifanelekile sokutshala ezimbizeni kanye nomhlabathi oqondile.
- Ngaphezu kwephunga layo elihle kakhulu, ukukhanga kwayo okuyinhloko ukuqhakaza okukunikezayo ebusika.
- Amaqabunga esitshalo ngokuvamile ane-oval.
- Bakhetha izindawo zengadi ezichayeka elangeni.
- Amacembe awo awasetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa kuphela, kodwa futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi ku-haute cuisine kanye ne-confectionery. Ngoba ziyadliwa futhi futhi zinambitheka kancane.
- Izimbali zayo ngokuvamile ziba ne-bicolor.
- Isakazwa ngama-rhizomes.
- Isimo sezulu sayo esihle siphakathi kokuphola nokuswakeme.
- I-substrate lapho ikhula khona kufanele ikhishwe kahle., inothile ngezinto eziphilayo futhi kufanele ihlale imanzi.
- I-pH yayo efanelekile ayithathi hlangothi ku-alkaline.
Izimbali zayo zihlukaniswa iphunga lazo elithambile. Ivamise ukuba nombala onsomi omnyama, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okhilimu noma ophuzi. I-Bi-color shades iyamangalisa kakhulu, kulokhu izimbali zinenhlanganisela yombala oyinhloko ophuzi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nonsomi.
Ngokuvamile, okuphuzi kuseduze nokunsomi okumnyama, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eduze nokuphuzi, kanti okuphuzi kuseduze kwe-lavender. Ikhula phakathi kuka-2 no-4 cm. Lapho amacembe awo afinyelela phakathi kuka-1,5 no-1,9 cm.
Amaqabunga esitshalo se-Viola cornuta avela phansi kwesitshalo futhi anoboya emhlane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zinonxande, okusho ukuthi zinde kunobubanzi. Bane-petiole, elihambisana ne-appendage ehlanganisa isiqu.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Viola cornuta
Ukutshala i-violet viola kulula kakhulu, kusukela ekutshalweni kwembewu ekupheleni kwehlobo. Indawo yayo engadini izoba elangeni eligcwele futhi inhlabathi kufanele inothe ngezinto eziphilayo.
Abalimi be-DIY bavame ukuthenga amaphakethe embewu ye-horticultural neyokuhlobisa ukuze ikhule. Ukwazi noma ukuba nolwazi lobuchwepheshe kule ndawo kusiza kakhulu. Kulo mongo, sethula idatha yezobuchwepheshe efanele ekutshalweni kwe-Viola cornuta. Le datha kufanele ihlale isetshenziswa njengesiqondiso, njengoba kuya ngesitshalo, i-substrate esetshenzisiwe, isimo sezulu, njll. Imiphumela ingahluka kakhulu.
Njengezitshalo eqenjini lezitshalo zokuhlobisa zonyaka kanye nezitshalo zasekwindla, sizitshala ezimbizeni ezinobubanzi obungama-10 cm ngemva kokuba izithombo sezimile. Uma sezikhule zaba usayizi ofanele, singazitshala ngqo engadini.
I-substrate ekhonjisiwe kuleli cala i-substrate yendawo yonke noma i-substrate yezitshalo zangaphandle ezine- i-pH phakathi kuka-5,8 no-6. I-Ec edingekayo (i-substrate conductivity) kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-1 no-1,5. Amazinga okushisa afanelekile aphakathi kuka-2 kuya ku-5ºC ebusuku kanye no-20 kuya ku-22ºC emini. Ngaphansi kwabo, ukuthuthukiswa kwabo kuzokwehla, ngaphezu kwabo, bazosheshisa, futhi akukho cala ukukhula kwabo kuyoba kuhle.
Ukuvezwa kwezitshalo ezisanda kutshalwa kuzokwenziwa elangeni eligcwele, njengoba isimo sezulu singashisi kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka lapho i-Viola itshalwa khona. Ingozi izoba emaphakathi, nokuvela kaningi phakathi nesonto lokuqala, okuzigcina zikude phakathi nesitshalo sonke ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimpande.
Ukuvundisa kungenziwa amasonto ama-4 noma ama-5 ngemuva kokutshala ngomanyolo 18-12-24 (ixutshwe emanzini okuchelela) ngethamo elingu-1 gram ilitha kabili ngeviki. Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ama-aphid namacimbi.
Ngokuqondene nezifo, azivamile kakhulu, kodwa uma kwenzeka ingozi, i-Alternaria, i-Tielaviopsis ne-Cercospora cishe ijwayele kakhulu. Kulezi zimo, i-viola ithatha amasonto angu-8-12 ukukhula kusukela ekutheneni (itshalwe emabhodweni) ize ilungele ukuhlwanyelwa ngqo engadini.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Viola cornuta
I-Viola cornuta ibonakala ngokusakazwa kwembewu, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga ezibizwa ngokuthi intwasahlobo noma ihlobo. Okufanele ukwenze ukuzifaka engilazini enamanzi futhi emva kwemizuzu embalwa, kuphela imbewu ecwile izosuswa.
Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele zibekwe ku-substrate enebanga phakathi kwazo, ebikade imanziswa futhi ingafakwa kalula ezimbizeni noma emathreyini ezithombo. Kamuva, zimbozwa nge-substrate eyengeziwe, ziniselwe futhi zibekwe elangeni eliqondile uma kusentwasahlobo, noma endaweni enomthunzi uma kusehlobo. Ngokuvamile ziqhuma esikhathini esingaphansi kwamasonto amabili. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-substrate imanzi ngokuphelele.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwe-viola cornuta.