Siyazi ukuthi abantu badala imithelela emikhulu kokuphilayo emhlabeni jikelele. Ukungcola, umsindo, izakhiwo nezinye izinto sekuyizinto eziyinhloko ezithinta wonke amadolobha namuhla. Ngalesi sizathu, kujwayelekile ukubona abantu abathatha isinqumo sokuthuthela ezindaweni zasemakhaya befuna impilo engcono. Enye yale ndlela yokushintsha indlela yokuphila ngokuthuthukisa impilo nokunikela ngendlela enhle emvelweni yaziwa ngegama le- ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana ne-permaculture, izici zayo nokubaluleka kwayo.
Izici eziyinhloko
Uma sihlaziya amadolobha amakhulu anamuhla sibona inqwaba yokungcola, izimoto nomsindo omkhulu. Kunabantu okudingeka basuke ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni baye ezindaweni zezintaba noma zezwe lapho bengakwazi khona ukuzola. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kwanele ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele sinake imithombo ehlukahlukene yemvelo okudingekayo ukuze sikwazi ukuhlala kulezi zindawo.
Kuyinsakavukela ukubuka abantu abasondela kulezi zindawo futhi le nhlangano ingaholela ezinkingeni uma ingenziwanga kahle. Uma ukulungiswa okufanele zonke lezi zindawo ezibhekwa njengamapharadesi amancane zizongcoliswa. Njengamadolobha, uma izindawo zasemakhaya zinganakekelwa kahle, zizoqala ukuba matasatasa zigcwale umsindo, kudale isiphithiphithi esifana naleso esikhona emadolobheni.
Ukuthuthela ezindaweni zasemakhaya kunquma ukushintsha ngokuphelele indlela ophila ngayo. Okokuqala, okufunekayo ukuthola ukuthuthuka kwezempilo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inegalelo elihle emvelweni njengoba imiphakathi emisha isungulwa ngentuthuko esimeme yesikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, singachaza i-permaculture njengendlela yokuphila ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni ezivumela intuthuko ngendlela esimeme futhi ephumelelayo kwezomnotho.
Ivumela ekuqaleni ukwanelisa ngokugcwele zonke izidingo zomuntu ngaphandle kokudinga ukuxhaphaza imithombo yemvelo hhayi ukungcolisa. Kuyindlela yokuphila entsha ehlanganisa ngokuvumelanayo ulwazi lwesayensi mayelana nayo yonke imvelo kanye nokulingana kwemvelo nokuhlakanipha kwabantu bakudala. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhiqizwe konke umuntu akudingayo ngokususelwa ekuthuthukisweni kwezinsizakusebenza ezikhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe izinsizakusebenza eziningi ezikhona nayo yonke imfucuza yezitshalo, izilwane nemisebenzi yabantu ukuze kuzuze ezinye izingxenye zemvelo.
I-Permaculture njengesiqalo sokutakula
Ngasekuqaleni kuka-1970, kwaqalwa kwaqhamuka umqondo wemvelo ngenkathi ezinye izazi zemvelo ziqala uchungechunge lwemibono ngethemba lokuthi zizokwazi ukugcina futhi zisungule izinhlelo zezolimo ezizinzile. Ngalesi sikhathi kwaba nenkinga yemvelo futhi abezemvelo baqala ngombono wokuthi umhlaba namanzi akufanele kufakwe ubuthi. Futhi kulapha lapho izindlela ezahlukahlukene zezimboni zezolimo zaqala ukusetshenziswa lapho umanyolo we-nitrogen, izibulala-zinambuzane kanye nokubulala ukhula kwaqala ukusabalala kuyo yonke inhlabathi yezolimo. Ukungcola kwamanzi nenhlabathi kwaqala ukwanda futhi bakhiqize imithelela yezomnotho eyehlukene kanye nezitshalo nezilwane.
I-Permaculture izama ukubuyisa wonke amahektha enhlabathi abesetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Eziningi zalezi zindawo zalahlekelwa ukuzala ngenxa yokusebenzisa amakhemikhali ngokweqile. Ngenxa yomsebenzi owenziwe nokutadisha inqubo eminyakeni edlule, i-permaculture ikwazile ukudlula imiphakathi yanamuhla. Siyazi ukuthi ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba siyakwazi ukubona imiphakathi ehlala ngokugcwele ngokuvumelana nemvelo ngaphandle kokuyithinta kabi futhi isebenzisa kahle imithombo yemvelo.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-permaculture isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekwakhiweni kwamakhaya nasekukhulisweni komhlaba. Nathi siyakwazi lokho elinye lamathuluzi angaba khona wokuthuthukisa i-permaculture ukwakhiwa kwe-bioclimatic. Luhlobo lwezolimo olufuna ukwandisa izinsiza zokwakha amakhaya asimeme.
Amasu ku-permaculture
Ukuze kwakhiwe amakhaya asimeme kanye nokwakheka komhlaba, amasimu we-agroforest kanye namasu okwakha ama-bio kumele asetshenziswe ngohlelo lokuqoqa amanzi emvula ukuze kusetshenziswe yonke imigomo yokusebenzisa i-permaculture. Ngazo zonke lezi zinto, imvelo iyazuza ngoba kunemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yabantu, uma yenziwe kahle, engeke idale imithelela emibi.
Uma sihlaziya umongo womhlaba wonke weplanethi yethu, siyabona ukuthi sikusikhathi lapho ukukhula kwamadolobha kusungulwa ngendlela engahlelekile. Yize ohulumeni abaningi benohlelo lokuhlelwa kwendawo, alulandelwa kuleyo ncwadi. Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuyinkinga yomhlaba wonke yini edala izinto ezahlukahlukene ezithinta kakhulu izimpilo zabantu.
Ngenxa yabo bonke abantu abanquma ukukhetha i-permaculture, imigomo eyisisekelo ingafinyelelwa ukufezekisa ubuhlungu obukhethekile phakathi kwemisebenzi yomuntu kanye nemvelo. Ngalezi zimiso, inqubo yokuvuselelwa kwemvelo ingaqalwa ngaphandle kokuthinta ikhwalithi yempilo yabantu. Kumele umane ushintshe indlela ophila ngayo hhayi ukuyilimaza.
Izizinda eziyinhloko
Sizohlaziya ukuthi iziphi izizinda ezisemqoka ezinemvelo yemvelo. Lezi yizinto zesenzo:
- Ukuphathwa komhlaba kwakuyimvelo: lapha ukulondolozwa nokuvuselelwa kwezikhala zasendle kuyabandakanyeka ekongweni kwamabhange ezimbewu, ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane okuhlangene, njll.
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-Bioconstruction: Zonke izinto ezizokwazi ukwakha indlu ziyizinto zemvelo noma ezingaphinde zisebenze kabusha.
- Amathuluzi nobuchwepheshe: izama ukusebenzisa wonke amandla avuselelekayo ukuze kusizakale abantu ezilwaneni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezingasetshenziswa kabusha zisetshenziselwa ukukwazi ukwenza ezintsha ezisetshenziswa ngendlela ehlukile.
- Imfundo namasiko: Kuphethe futhi ukufundisa abantu nokwakha ukuqwashisa ngomphakathi kanye nokuziphatha kwezemvelo.
- Inhlalakahle engokwenyama nengokomoya: Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zemvelo zazisetshenziselwa ukufeza inhlalakahle ngokomzimba ngamasu enempilo. Ukudla kusekelwe emikhiqizweni engokwemvelo, ukuzijwayeza kwezemidlalo kuzilungiselelo zemvelo nokusetshenziswa kwezitshalo zokwelapha.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-permaculture nezici zayo.