Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lwefungus olunezici zombili ezinhle ngoba lungadliwa ngokuqapha kepha lunemiphumela emibi ngoba lubanga isifo ezihlahleni ezihlaselayo. Imayelana ne- I-Armillaria mellea. Lesi sikhunta simila ngaphansi kweziqu zezinhlobo ezithile zemithi futhi sibangenise ngesifo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokukhombisa izici, izinkinga ezibangelwa kanye nokuqina kwe- I-Armillaria mellea.
Izici eziyinhloko
Sizochaza izingxenye zesikhunta ukuze sazi izici zaso nokuthi singazikhomba kanjani ngeso lenyama. Uma sibona isigqoko sakhe, siyabona ukuthi sifinyelela cishe ku-15 cm ebukhazikhazini obukhulu. Kungaba yi-convex, flattened, noma wavy ngesimo. Imvamisa, uyakwazi ukuthi isikhunta sineminyaka emingaki, ngoba lapho sesivele sikhule futhi ubudala baso buqala, ungabona isigqoko esinamamoni. Umbala uyefana noju, yize unamathoni aphuzi. Kumbozwe izikali ezinsundu ezincane ezijwayele ukunyamalala ngenxa yemvula.
Amapuleti anayo ahlehlisiwe kancane. Banombala okhanyayo lapho amakhowe esemncane. Njengoba zikhula futhi zikhula, zigcwaliswa ngamabala aphuzi athi kamuva abe nsundu noma abe bomvu lapho esemdala.
Ngokuqondene nonyawo, ngokuvamile lide impela, ligobile futhi lumise okwokuphotha. Umbala wayo uyi-ocher ephuzi futhi iba nsundu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Singabona indandatho ebanzi ngokwanele enokubukeka kolwelwesi oluphuzi onyaweni.
Inyama yayo iqinile esigqokweni futhi imhlophe. Kodwa-ke, lapho sisondela enyaweni, sibona ukuthi inyama iyishintsha kanjani indlela eyakhiwe ngayo nokuthungwa kwayo ibe yinto ekhuni futhi enemicu. Ukunambitheka kwaleli khowe kumnene kuma-specimens amancane. Akudliwe esigabeni sabantu abadala, ngoba bavame ukuba nokunambitheka okumunyu nokungathandeki ngephunga elinamandla.
Angamakhowe atholakala kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya ekuqaleni kobusika. Ngalesi sikhathi yilapho bekhula khona ngezimvula zokuqala zekwindla. Inkinga iba lapho ikhula kancane kwezinye iziphunzi zemithi. Zingabonakala ngamaqembu abantu abaningi.
Kuyadla?
Akunasiko lokupheka elenza udle I-Armillaria mellea. Kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu kukhona. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi izigqoko zezinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke Yebo, zinganambitheka uma ngaphambili zazibilisiwe.. Ukuba uhlobo lwezinambuzane, kudala ukulimala okungenakulungiseka ezihlahleni. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinhlobo zigcine sezisebenza njenge-saprophyte.
Yikhowe elidideka kalula I-Armillaria ostoyae, elinombala onsundu ngokwengeziwe kanye nendandatho emhlophe. Ukuze ukwazi ukudla lawa makhowe, kufanele kube ngumuntu ongekho esigabeni sabadala nokuthi phambilini abebilisiwe. Lezi zimo zenza ukwelashwa kwazo, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa, njll. Yiba okuthile okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Njengoba kungafuneki kakhulu emkhakheni wezokupheka, kunezindawo lapho zikhula khona kakhulu. Lokhu kuyinkinga ngezihlahla kungukukhubazeka njengoba sizobona ngezansi.
Izifo I-Armillaria mellea
Lesi sikhunta sikhiqiza ezihlahleni ezikhubaza lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi ukubola okumhlophe. Kuyimpande ye-mycosis eyakha amachashazi amhlophe kulo lonke uhlelo lwezimpande zezihlahla. Iphinde ihlasele intamo yezimpande yezinhlobo eziningi zezihlahla ezinjenge-oki, i-beech, i-birch, imiphini, i-holm oak kanye nama-poplar. Lezi fungi zigcwele emhlabathini onobumba obunobumba obunobumba futhi obumbene. Ngokuba nomhlabathi ohlangene, amanzi akubi kakhulu. Ngalesi sizathu, amadaka avela kalula aqoqa umswakama futhi aminyanise izimpande.
Ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo kuyanda lapho ukusatshalaliswa kwalezi fungi sekuyinsada. Ukuba ezinye zezihlahla ezisondelene, kulula ukuthi zitheleleke. Emazweni lapho ubona ukuthi bayathinteka, kungcono ukungalimi izinhlobo ezinjengalezi esiziqambe okungenani isikhathi esiyiminyaka eyishumi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bazotheleleka ngokushesha lapho bekhula kancane.
Sizocacisa ngomonakalo nezimpawu esizithola ezinhlotsheni ezithintekile. Izimpawu esizibona ezimpandeni zibonakala kalula. Ekuqaleni, uyabona ukuthi kusuka ekugqeni nasekumnyama kwendle. Uma ukulesi simo, sekuvele kungenzeka ukuthi kutholwe ngamehlo ukuthi singenwe yilesi sifo. Njengoba izimuncagazi zikhula ngokuhambisana nezimpande, izicubu zokuqala ziyahlaselwa zisuke zikhonkotha bese ziyahlakazeka, ziguquke zibe uhlobo lwesisindo esinemicu. Lesisindvo singabonwa ngombala osukela kokunsundu kuya kokumnyama, kuya ngohlobo.
Uma ukutheleleka kufinyelela ezimpandeni eziseduze kakhulu nentamo, ingaqhubekela phambili phezulu ngasezansi kwesiqu. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho kungabonakala khona i-lesion ezinyaweni ezifanayo futhi lokho kuzozibonakalisa ngesimo se-exudations of sap or gum. Yile ndlela okhomba ngayo isihlahla esingenwe ukubola okubangelwa I-Armillaria mellea.
Ezingxenyeni zasemoyeni zesitshalo, ukhunta uveza izimpawu ezingafani neze nesikhunta sokubola. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlelo lwempande luyaphazamiseka kuqala.
Ukulawulwa kwe- I-Armillaria mellea
Sikhulume ngezimpawu nokuthi singasibona kanjani lesi sifo. Manje sekuyisikhathi sokuqhubeka nokuthi lesi sifo silawulwa kanjani ukuze singaphazamisi izihlahla. Iningi lezindlela kuze kube manje eziphumelelayo ukuvimbela. Lapho isikhunta sesisunguliwe ezimpandeni zesitshalo, kunzima kakhulu ukusilondoloza. Uma ezinye izihlahla zizotshalwa emhlabeni ongcolile, zonke iziphunzi nezimpande ebezikhona ngaphambili kufanele zisuswe futhi zibhujiswe. Kufanele iniselwe nge-SO4FE enesisombululo esingu-10% kulezo zindawo lapho izimpande zingenakukhishwa khona. Ngemuva kwalokho, umhlaba kufanele ulinywe ugoqwe kahle futhi uvuselelwe umoya.
Noma nini lapho kungenzeka khona, kungakuhle ukuthi ufake insimu esakhiweni ebesinezilimo eziyimfucumfucu iminyaka eminingana. Yilapho isikhunta sinamathuba amancane okuhlasela.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngefungus I-Armillaria mellea.