Sonke siwubonile umfanekiso wezitshalo ngesinye isikhathi, kungaba encwadini yebhayoloji, eminyuziyamu noma engadini ethile yezitshalo. Yimidwebo enemininingwane eminingi yezitshalo nezakhi zazo. Kuyisiyalo esibalulekile sezifundo nokucwaninga ngezitshalo.
Kepha kungani izithombe zingasetshenziswa? Sizophendula lo mbuzo nokuningi kulesi sihloko. Sizochaza ukuthi uyini umfanekiso wezitshalo, ukubaluleka kwawo nomehluko phakathi kwalesi siyalo, ubuciko bezitshalo nokudweba imbali.
Uyini umfanekiso wezitshalo?
Kuchazwa njengomfanekiso wezitshalo ubuciko bezitshalo bokumelela kokubili ukuma nemininingwane kanye nombala wezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo, imvamisa ku-watercolor. Inhloso ukuhlinzeka ngosizo lokwehlukanisa nokufunda ngemifino. Ukufeza injongo yakho, le mifanekiso kufanele inembe ngokwesayensi ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa nazo zinezinto zobuciko futhi kungenzeka ukuziphrinta ngencazelo yezitshalo kumamagazini, ezincwadini nakweminye imidiya. Kungenzeka futhi ukuzithengisa njengomsebenzi wobuciko. Imvamisa, ukudala umfanekiso we-botanical kudinga ukuqonda ngokuphelele i-morphology yesitshalo.
Uma kukhulunywa ngokudala umfanekiso wezitshalo, bobabili abasebenza ngemifanekiso nezazi zezitshalo basebenza ndawonye ukukwazi ukudala imifanekiso ethile futhi uyihambisane nombhalo wesayensi. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukufanekisela ama-monograph, ama-flora, ucwaningo kanye nemihlahlandlela yensimu.
Ngokuqondene nomculi, ulandela izingqungquthela ezisungulwe ezikhombisa ukuthanda okuthile komsebenzi owenziwe ngombala omnyama nomhlophe. Ngale ndlela ungakha imidwebo kusuka kuzinhlobo ezilula ze-herbarium kuya kukhuliso oluningiliziwe lwezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zezinhlobo ezahlukene. Noma kunjalo ukunemba kobuchwepheshe kubalulekile emfanekisweni wezitshalo, Imvamisa kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa imingcele phakathi komfanekiso nobuciko uqobo.
Umehluko ngobuciko bezitshalo nokudweba izimbali
Indlela elula yokuchaza umehluko phakathi komfanekiso wezitshalo, ubuciko bezitshalo nokudweba izimbali kuqhakambisa ukugcizelelwa kwesiyalo ngasinye:
- Umfanekiso weBotanical: Irekhodi lesayensi kanye ngokunemba botanical zibalulekile, ngoba inhloso ukukwazi ukubona isitshalo. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi amarekhodi afaka phakathi isitshalo esikhula endaweni yaso yemvelo.
- Ubuciko botanical: Into ebaluleke kakhulu i-inflorescence noma isitshalo, sinaka kakhulu izimfanelo zobuhle zezinhlobo. Akufaki yonke imininingwane edingekayo yezazi zezitshalo.
- Ukudweba imbali: Imvamisa, izimbali zimelelwa ngezivayi, izingadi noma amasimu. Futhi zingatholakala kumongo ohilela impilo namanje. Kulezi zimo, Izici zezitshalo azibalulekile kakhulu.
Kuze kube namuhla, izibonisi zezitshalo zakha imidwebo yesayensi enemininingwane eminingi ekhombisa izici ezahlukahlukene. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zimelela ukukhula kwesitshalo nemikhuba yaso. Zibuye ziqokomise ukwakheka nemininingwane ehambisana nokuzala, okuvame ukufaka ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ezithile zesitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zikhombisa ezinye izici ezifanele ukukhonjwa kohlobo, kufaka phakathi nezici ezingabonakala kuphela ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi abantu ababandakanyeka emfanekisweni wezitshalo basebenza ukubuka imifino yangempela. Lokhu kungaqoqwa kusuka kudala, izitshalo ezivela ezindaweni ezikude ezitholakala e-herbaria noma ezinhlotsheni eziphilayo ezisezingadini zezitshalo emhlabeni jikelele. Izinhlobo eziqoqwe ezindaweni zokongiwa kwemvelo nazo zivame ukuboniswa, ngokugunyazwa, noma, noma izibonelo ezikhuliswe ezingadini zabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kujwayelekile ukuthi abadwebi be-botanical illustrator baye ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba ukuze bafune izitshalo ezingavamile ezindaweni zabo zemvelo.
Kungani umzekeliso wezitshalo ubalulekile?
Namuhla sinenketho yokuthatha izithombe ngamakhamera ochwepheshe noma nangamaselula, okuya ngokuya kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yezithombe zakho. Uma kunjalo, kungani kusenziwa imifanekiso yezitshalo ezingeni lesayensi? Yize kuliqiniso ukuthi ukuthwebula izithombe kusinikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi nokunemba, futhi inikeza ulwazi olungadingekile ngempela. Ngale ndlela ingakhubaza iqiniso futhi ekugcineni idide umbukeli.
Ngalesi sizathu, umfanekiso wezitshalo usebenza kangcono kakhulu ekudluliseni imininingwane yesayensi. Usebenzisa leli thuluzi singakhetha futhi sigcizelele izinto ezahlukahlukene ezibalulekile, ukuhlinzeka kuphela ngolwazi oludingekayo ukuze sikwazi ukuqonda izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinqubo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhonjisiwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-infographics nemifanekiso kokubili kumaphosta nakumamagazini esayensi noma ezincwadini inomthelela omkhulu ezingeni lokufundisa kunalezo okutholakala kuzo umbhalo kuphela. Njengamanje kunabahleli abaningi bezithombe abasebenza ngomfanekiso wezitshalo, ukubonwa kwedatha kanye ne-infographics.
Ekuphetheni singasho ukuthi umfanekiso wezitshalo iwusizo olubalulekile kubo bonke abafundi bezimbali nabacwaningi emhlabeni wonke. Ngakho-ke, sizoqhubeka senziwe futhi sicwengisiswe eminyakeni ezayo.