El I-Vaccinium macrocarpon Yisihlahlana esincane esingapheli esomndeni wakwa-Ericaceae, esaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-blueberry. Ivela ohlangothini olusempumalanga yeNyakatho Melika futhi kuyisitshalo se-hermaphroditic (sinezitho zesilisa nezinsikazi) ezithole impova ngezinambuzane. Igama lalo livela egameni lakudala lesiLatini, okuthiwa lisuselwa olimini lwaseMedithera lwangaphambi komlando.
Izici ze-Vaccinium macrocarpon
El I-Vaccinium macrocarpon kuyisitshalo esincane esingeqi ngaphezu kuka-50 cm ukuphakama, ngokuba ngamagatsha amafushane afinyelela kuma-20 cm ubude. Izimbali zayo ezimhlophe zincane ngosayizi futhi zinamacembe akhanyayo. Inesiqu esiqinile lapho kuvela khona amaqabunga awo, aluhlaza ngokukhanyayo ohlangothini olungaphezulu futhi amhlophe opaque ngaphansi, ilanceolate ne-oval.
Ngezimbali ezincane ezingaba ngu-1,5 cm ububanzi, inamacembe amane amhlophe amancane kakhuluZihlelwe ngamaqembu ezinhloko eziyindilinga emagatsheni azo. Izithelo zalesi sitshalo ziyindilinga, ziphakathi nendawo futhi zinombala okhanyayo ngokubomvu.
Ukulima nokusabalalisa
I-cranberry enkulu inezidingo ezahlukahlukene maqondana nesimo sezulu nezinye izimo zokuthuthuka kwayo. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo futhi ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu, kungcono ukuyigcina endlini emthunzini oyingxenye. Kubekezelela izimo zezulu ezinomswakama namazinga okushisa aphansi.
Kunconywa ukubeka isitshalo ezindaweni ezingenawo umoya omncane ngoba umoya owedlulele ungathinta amaqabungaikakhulukazi lapho amanzi angaphezulu evame ukuhwamuka ngokushesha. Ukuze ulondoloze inhlabathi enomswakama owanele, kuhle ukufaka amagxolo amancane ukuvikela i-blueberry okhuleni olweqile.
El I-Vaccinium macrocarpon ikhetha izindawo ezinomswakama namakhaza, yingakho ukubaluleka kokunisela kaningi, okungenani ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla. Yize kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukumiswa kwamanzi akwenzi okungadala izimo zomswakama othambekele ekwakhekeni kwesikhunta. Noma kunjalo, isomiso ingenye yezingozi ezinkulu zesitshalo.
Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo kunconywa ukuthi ungeze umanyolo ophilayo, uhlale unakisisa ukuthi ungathinti izimpande zesitshalo se-blueberry. Noma kunjalo, amajikijolo adinga inhlabathi enomswakama, i-acid pH kanye ne-drainage enhle, izimo ezifanele zokuthuthuka kwayo.
Manje, uma unenhlabathi enekhaladi, ungayithuthukisa ngokufaka njalo inani elincane le-peat. Kukhona nenketho yokukhulisa izinhlobo zezimbiza. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinezimpande ezintekenteke. Ukusakazeka kwalesi sitshalo kwenzeka ezimweni eziningi ngokusika okhuni. Inqubo iqala ngokuhluma kwamagatsha Kuze kuphele ihlobo, ngemuva kwalokho, lifakwa emqubeni olungiselelwe nge-peat nesihlabathi ngobuningi obufanayo ngenkathi kuvela amahlumela okuqala.
I-Vaccinium macrocarpon iyephuza ukukhula, kangangoba kwesinye isikhathi ukusikwa kunenkinga yokuqothula ngokushesha. Mayelana nokuvunwa kwezithelo, okuhle ukulinda okungenani iminyaka emi-2.
Izinhlupho nezifo
Yisitshalo esingajwayelene nezilokazane noma izifo. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lapho ukhula enhlabathini enamakhalori, esindayo ene-pH ephezulu kakhulu, ngoba lezi zici zivame ukudala izimo ezibangela ukubola okukhulu, kanye ne-iron chlorosis, ukuthi ivele.
Ukusetshenziswa nokuphikisana
Isithelo sisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela i- izifo ezithinta umchamo Ngoba livimbela amabhaktheriya ahlala kuleli pheshana ekunamatheleni ezindongeni zesinye futhi kubangele ukutheleleka okukhulu kwezinso njenge-Escherichia coli noma iStaphylococcus aureus. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo njalo kusiza ekwenzeni umchamo ube yi-asidi ngomphumela wemithi elwa namagciwane.
Kuyasiza futhi ekwelapheni izifo ezinjenge-osteoporosis, ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nezifo zenhliziyo ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okune-antioxidant. Ijusi lalo livimbela ukunamathela kwamagciwane abhekele izimbotshana nokuphazamiseka kwezinsini. Ithuthukisa iziguli ezinezifo ezingenayo i-neurodegenerative njenge-Alzheimer's.
Enye yezinto zayo i-oxalate, ethathwa njengengozi engozini yeziguli ezinamatshe ezinso. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela akufanele bayidle ngohlobo lwejusi ngenxa yokuqukethwe ushukela omningi. Ngokwezifundo zakamuva, i-cranberry ibonakala ikwazi ukwandisa ubungozi bokuphuma kwegazi ngakho-ke kufanele igwenywe ezigulini ezelashwa ngemithi yokuncipha kwegazi.