Zonke izitshalo nezitshalo zidinga ukusetshenziswa komquba noma ukukhulelwa komhlaba. Ngale ndlela sinikeza izitshalo izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ukuze zikhule kahle. Kodwa-ke, abanye abalimi besimanje kanye nezazi ze-horticulturists bayangabaza ukusebenza kwale mikhiqizo. Ngokusho kwabo, emvelweni akekho ovundisa, ngakho-ke akudingekile. Lo mcabango unengqondo impela. Manje, uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi kungani kudingeka umquba ufakwe umanyolo nokuthi ungavundisa kanjani umhlaba wokuhlwanyela, ngincoma ukuthi uqhubeke ufunde.
Ngaphandle kokucacisa lo mbono obonakala unengqondo impela, sizophinda sichaze nokuthi uyini umquba, ungondla kanjani umhlaba nokuthi yini ongasetshenziselwa wona. Uma ucabanga ukulungisa ingadi, lalelisisa futhi uqaphele.
Uyini umquba womhlabathi?
Ngaphambi kokuchaza ukuthi ungavundisa kanjani umhlaba wokutshala, ake sicacise ukuthi yini umquba. Ungumanyolo ophonswa enhlabathini ukuze ucebe futhi ngenxa yalokho ukhiqize ngokwengeziwe. Kodwa ingabe ukuvundisa nokufaka umquba kuyefana? Hhayi, impela. Yize ungawasebenzisa womabili amagama, ngoba wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ufuna ukuthini, kukhona i-nuance encane ehlukanisa zombili izenzo. Uma sikhuluma ngokufaka umquba emhlabeni, sisho ukufaka umquba noma umanyolo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma sithi sizofaka umquba kusho ukuthi sizokwandisa ukuthela komhlaba. Ukuze wenze kanjalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhokhe esikhathini esiningi kakhulu. Ngalesi sizathu, womabili la magama angasetshenziselwa ukuveza into efanayo, yize engenayo incazelo efanayo.
Ngabe kuyadingeka ngempela ukukhokha?
Njengoba sishilo kwisingeniso, kukhona abalimi kanye nabalimi bezilimo abakholelwa ukuthi umhlaba awudingi ukuvundiswa, ngoba lo msebenzi awenziwa emvelweni, okungukuthi, ezitshalweni ezikhula zasendle. Yize lokhu kuyiqiniso, asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi kokubili ingadi nokulima ukulima yimisebenzi eyenziwe ngabantu, kwesinye isikhathi kuphoqelelwa kakhulu.
Imifino ekhula emvelweni idinga ukondliwa ngumhlabathi. Lezi zinongo zihlala zifakwa enhlabathini ngenxa yokubola kwezinsalela ezifile. Ngokuqondene namaminerali, lawa ayabhidlika emadwaleni futhi anele ukondla izitshalo ezimila kulowo mhlaba. Ngokuphambene nalokho, imifino esiyihlwanyelayo thina bantu abantu yimifino ebikhethwe iminyaka, noma izinkulungwane zeminyaka, ukuze kutholwe izitshalo ezinkudlwana nezikhiqizayo futhi nezithelo ezinomsoco futhi ezibukeka kahle.
Kwenzeka okufanayo nasezingadini. Imifino eminingi esingayithola ezingadini akuyona eyomdabu. Ngokuvamile zivumelaniswa namanye amazinga okushisa. Zikhethwe ngokukhethekile ngokubukeka kwazo okuhle. Zonke lezi zitshalo ezingathathwa ngokuthi "zifuyiwe" imvamisa zidinga inhlabathi evundile kunalezo zasendle. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani lezakhamzimba abazidingayo ukuze bathuthukise izicubu zabo ezinamanzi liphezulu kakhulu, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi azisebenzi kahle kunezinhlobo zazo zasendle.
Ngakho-ke, kunezizathu ezimbili ezibalulekile zokuthi kungani umhlabathi udinga ukuvundiswa:
- Imifino etshaliwe kudinga inhlabathi evundile kakhulu, okungenani iningi.
- Izakhamzimba ezisenhlabathini kumele zigcwaliswe ukuze zingapheleli. Lapho sivuna, izakhamzimba eziningi ziyakhishwa futhi kubalulekile ukwengeza okunye.
Ungayondla kanjani inhlabathi yezitshalo?
Ukuthola ukuthi ungavundisa kanjani umhlaba ohlwanyelayo, singahlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zezinqubo: Kungcwatshwe noma ngaphezulu. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zindaba empeleni kuyindaba yokwengeza inani lomquba olufunayo emhlabathini noma ukuwuxuba nalo. Sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi singawenza kanjani lo msebenzi.
Ungayifaka kanjani umanyolo umhlaba wokutshala: Ungcwatshwe
Yize kungumkhuba omncane wemvelo, kuvame kakhulu. Kubandakanya ukusabalalisa umanyolo noma umquba emhlabeni. Ngemuva kwalokho, inhlabathi imbiwa ukuze ihlale ingcwatshwe futhi ixutshwe nomhlaba. Enye indlela ukwakha umsele bese wethula umquba lapho. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele imbozwe ngomhlabathi okhishwe emseleni olandelayo.
Ngenqubo yokungcwatshwa singasebenzisa umanyolo wemvelo ongaboli, inqobo nje uma ukutshala kungaqalwa kuze kudlule izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemuva kokukhulelwa. Uma umquba uvuthiwe noma ungajwayelekile, ungangezwa enhlabathini eyandulela ukutshala noma ukuhlwanyela.
Ngokuqondene nomthamo okufanele siwengeze, kuya ngokuthela kwenhlabathi uqobo. Kungcono ukufaka umquba kancane kancane unyaka nonyaka esikhundleni sokufaka inani elikhulu ngasikhathi sinye. Ngale ndlela sizogwema izinkinga ezihlobene ne-pH, usawoti nezinye izinhlobo zokungalingani. Ngokuvamile, inani okufanele silisebenzise lifana kakhulu nelomunye umanyolo ophilayo. Okuwukuphela kwento eyenziwe yilaba abenziwe ngomswani wezinyoni. Kulezi zimo, ukusebenzisa ilitha elilodwa ngemitha eyisikwele kwanele.
Uma sisebenza ngenhlabathi eyisihlabathi kakhulu, lo mkhuba ungcono kakhulu kunokufaka umanyolo ngaphezulu. Kulokhu okulandelayo, izakhi zingagcina zisheshe zigcine enhlabathini engaphansi, lapho izimpande zezitshalo zingasafinyeleli kuzo. Ngalesi sizathu, kungcono kakhulu ukuxuba umquba nomhlabathi. Yini enye, ngakho-ke sithuthukisa kakhulu izici zenhlabathi eyisihlabathi, okuvame ukuba mpofu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuzoba manzi, kuthambile, futhi kuvunde kakhudlwana.
Ungayifaka kanjani umhlabathi phezulu
Inqubo yesibili yobhalisile isiphezulu. Lokhu kulingisa imvelo, njengoba ingangcwatshwa, imane ishiywe ebusweni bomhlaba. Kulezi zimo, imvula kanye / noma ukuchelela kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezitholakala enhlabathini yizo ezibhekele izakhamzimba ezifinyelela ekujuleni komhlaba.
Kwenzeka into efanayo emvelweni. Izinsalela zezitshalo nezilwane ezifile, indle, amaqabunga, njll. zihlala ebusweni bomhlaba futhi kancane kancane zakha ungqimba. Lokhu kuya ngokuya kuba mkhulu futhi kugcina kuthola umbala omnyama. Kuyaziwa njenge-mulch futhi kuvela ukuthi kuvundile kakhulu. Kuvamile kakhulu ukuyibona ehlathini.
Ngaphandle kokuthi le ndlela ingasetshenziswa unyaka wonke, ibuye ibe nezinye izinzuzo esizozibhala ngezansi:
- Alukho uhlobo lokuvutshelwa ngaphansi komhlaba, okungukuthi, ngokuxhumana ngqo nezimpande. Ngakho-ke, kunempilo yemifino kanye nenhlabathi.
- Utshani obuqhudelana bukuthola kunzima kakhulu ukuqanduselwa ngenxa yesivalo semifino.
- Umhlaba uvikeleke kakhulu ngokumelene nemisebe yelanga.
- Umswakama womhlabathi ulondolozwe kangcono, okwenza kube njalo isidingo esincane sokunisela.
- Songa isikhathi nomzamo ukungadingi ukumba phansi.
Yize le ndlela ingaba yinhle kakhulu, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa umquba ophuma kubobulembu bezinyoni, kanye neminye imanyolo engagxilwa kakhulu. Lokhu kungashintsha kokubili usawoti kanye ne-pH yenhlabathi uma ungqimba olulekela phezu kwalo lukhulu kakhulu. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ungqimba lunwebeka kakhulu, singazisebenzisa.
Mayelana nobukhulu besembozo, akufanele kube obukhulu kakhulu ukuze kungavimbeli ukushintshaniswa kwegesi okwenzeka phakathi komkhathi nenhlabathi. Kepha futhi akufanele ibe mncane kakhulu, ngoba ibizophuka ngokushesha okukhulu elangeni futhi ingashaywa ngumoya. Okufanelekile, kufanele kube phakathi kwamasentimitha amathathu kuya kwamahlanu ubukhulu, kodwa ekugcineni kuzoya ngohlobo lomanyolo esilusebenzisayo. Ngokuvamile, lapho icinene ngokwengeziwe, ubukhulu obuncane kufanele bakhiwe.
Uzovundisa nini umhlaba wokutshala?
Akubalulekile kuphela ukwazi ukuthi ungavundisa kanjani umhlaba wokutshala, kepha nokuthi kufanele ukwenze nini. Ngokusobala, kungcono ukukwenza lapho kungafanele ukhokhe. Noma kunjalo, Izikhathi ezinconywe kakhulu ngalo msebenzi ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Ekwindla singasebenzisa ama-organic fertilizer angaboli ngokuphelele okwamanje, njenge, isibonelo, umquba. Lapho kufika intwasahlobo, okuvame ukuqala kwesivuno, singafaka omanyolo bamakhemikhali. Lezi zivame ukusakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu.
Kuhlale kungcono ukufaka umanyolo emhlabathini ukuze uthuthukise inani nobungako bomsoco. Singenza okwehlukile ngenhlabathi esivele ivundisiwe noma ebingakatshalwa isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke sezivele zivundile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, uma umbala womhlaba umnyama kakhulu, kusho ukuthi iphesenti lawo lezinto eziphilayo liphezulu kakhulu.
Ekugcineni, wonke umuntu ukhululekile ukuzama ukusebenzisa indlela evumelana nabo kakhulu futhi ayenze lapho ethanda, yize kungakaze kube buhlungu ukuthola ukuthi ungavundisa nini futhi kanjani umhlaba wokutshala. Futhi ukhetha yiphi indlela? Emhlabathini noma ngaphezulu?