I-Yew (Taxus)

El yew Kuyisihlava esingakhuli kakhulu (hhayi uma sikuqhathanisa nalokho abanye abangakhula ngakho), futhi okukhona nezinhlobo nezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zezitshalo ezingatshalwa nasezingadini ezincane kanye / noma ezimbizeni.

Njengokungathi lokho bekunganele, iyamelana kakhulu namakhaza futhi ingaphila ngaphandle kwezinkinga emhlabathini we-limestone. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna isitshalo esinezici, ngezansi uzothola ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani.

Umsuka nezici

I-Yew yigama elibhekisela kuma-conifers ohlobo lwe-botanical Taxus, olwakhiwa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-22 ezihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amane (iBaccata, iCuspidata neSumatrana). Ngokunjalo, kunezinhlamvu ezimbili ezitshalwe kakhulu futhi, okungukuthi I-Taxus x media (izithelo zesiphambano phakathi I-Taxus baccata x I-Taxus cuspidata), kanye neTaxus x hunnewelliana (I-Taxus cuspidata x I-Taxus canadensis). Ivela e-Eurasia naseMelika.

Ingafinyelela ubude obufinyelela kumamitha ayi-20, yize kuye ngohlobo kanye nezimo lapho ihlala khona, ingahle ikhule kancane. Umqhele wayo uvamise ukuba yi-pyramidal, ngenani elikhulu lamagatsha ahluma abheke phezulu esiqwini esikhulu. Isiqu sivame ukujiya, sifike ku-1,5m ububanzi, sibe namagxolo ansundu amancane.

Amaqabunga angama-10 kuya ku-30mm ubude, futhi ahlelwe ngemigqa ephikisanayo. Umbala wayo uluhlaza omnyama ohlangothini olungaphezulu futhi uphuzi noma ubucwebezelayo ngaphansi. Ziyakwazi zisetshenziswa, kepha ungavumeli igama likubangele ukudideka: lokhu kusho ukuthi bahlala esitshalweni isikhathi eside, kepha kufika isikhathi lapho bewa khona ukuze benze amaqabunga amasha.

I-dioecious, enezinhlobonhlobo zesilisa nabesifazane. Izithelo ziyibheri engadliwa, kodwa kuphela emva kokuba imbewu isisusiwe.

Zonke izingxenye zayo (ngaphandle kwesithelo, njengoba sesishilo) zinobuthi, futhi zingadala ukufa kungakapheli nemizuzu embalwa. Isikhathi sokuphila kwaso side kakhulu, ngaphezu kweminyaka eyinkulungwane. ESpain, eqinisweni, sineBermiego (Asturias) isifanekiso esibizwa ngeBermiego Yew esineminyaka elinganiselwa eminyakeni engama-2.000 XNUMX, sithathwa njengeyew endala kunazo zonke ezweni futhi enye yezindala kunazo zonke eYurophu.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Okudume kakhulu yile:

I-Taxus baccata

Kuyaziwa njenge-yew ejwayelekile noma i-yew emnyama, futhi kuyinhlobo eqale ukuvela kwayo ngesikhathi seJurassic (eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-145 edlule). Ikhula entshonalanga, maphakathi naseningizimu yeYurophu, futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama okuphezulu kwamamitha ama-28 nobukhulu betroli obufinyelela ku-4m.

Uma konke kuhamba kahle, angafinyelela eminyakeni engu-5000 XNUMX ubudala.

I-Taxus brevifolia

Kuyisilwane esidabuka ePacific Northwest, eNyakatho Melika. Kuyaziwa ngesiNgisi njenge- “Pacific Yew” noma i- Pacific yew. Ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-10-15 ukuphakama ngesiqu esifinyelela ku-50cm ububanzi.

Izinga lokukhula kwalo lihamba kancane kakhulu.

I-Taxus cuspidata

Kungumuthi odabuka eKorea, Japan, China naseRussia owaziwa ngeJapan yew. Ifinyelela ukuphakama okungafika kumamitha ayi-18, enobubanzi besiqu obufinyelela kuma-60cm.

Isikhathi sayo sokuphila cishe iminyaka eyinkulungwane.

Ziyini izinkathazo zabo?

Uma ufuna ukuba nesibonelo se-yew, sincoma ukuthi usinakekele ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Indawo

Kuyinto isitshalo ukuthi Kufanele kube ngaphandle, elangeni eligcwele noma emthunzini omncane. Ukuze ithuthuke kahle kuyalulekwa ukuthi uyitshale emhlabathini, ebangeni elingamamitha ayi-5-6 ukusuka ezindongeni, emapayipini, njll. kanye nezinye izitshalo ezinde.

Umhlaba

• Imbiza yezimbali- Sebenzisa ama-substrates ane-pH engathathi hlangothi noma ene-alkaline (pH 7). Uma ungazi ukuthi ziyini, ungakhathazeki: isisekelo somhlaba wonke "sayo yonke impilo" sizokusiza, kepha kuthuthukisa amanzi akho engeza i-pearlite engu-30% noma itshe lobumba. Ungayithenga lapha.
• Isibindi: ikhula enhlabathini ene-alkaline, futhi ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nalezo ezino-asidi omncane (pH 6,5). Kubalulekile ukuthi babe nepayipi elihle ukuze amanzi angahlali amile isikhathi eside.

Ukunisela

Cishe izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngeviki ehlobo, futhi njalo ezinsukwini ezi-4-5 unyaka wonke. Kepha qaphela, lesi yisilinganiso, hhayi umthetho ohleliwe. Isibonelo, uma lina kakhulu endaweni yakho ngesikhathi esifudumele sonyaka, imvamisa yokuchelela izobe incane kakhulu.

Ngokuya ngezimo zezulu endaweni yakho, kuzofanele unisele ngaphezulu, noma ngaphansi.

Umbhalisile

Kuyalulekwa khokha entwasahlobo nasehlobo ngamanyolo wemvelo, njenge-guano noma umquba. Sabalalisa ungqimba olucishe lube ngu-4cm ukuzungeza isiqu, uluhlanganise nenhlabathi, namanzi.

Uma unayo ebhodweni, sebenzisa umanyolo ongamanzi ulandela imiyalo ebekiwe esitsheni.

Izihlahla

Ayiyidingi, yize ingathenwa ngasekupheleni kobusika ukuze isuse amagatsha omile, agulayo, abuthakathaka noma aphukile, futhi ibuye ibunjwe ngayo.

Ukuphindaphinda

Ukushova iphindaphindeka ngezimbewu nangokusikwa. Ake sibone ukuthi ungaqhubeka kanjani esimweni ngasinye:

Imbewu (ekwindla / ebusika)

1. Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukususa ukugoqa okunamanzi bese uwageza ngamanzi.
2. Kamuva, zihlwanyelwa ku-tupperware ene-vermiculite eyayifakwe amanzi phambilini, futhi lokhu kufakwa esiqandisini izinyanga ezintathu.
3. Kanye ngesonto, i-tupperware iyasuswa bese kususwa isivalo ukuvuselela umoya nokubheka umswakama we-vermiculite, okufanele ihlale imanzi.
4. Ngemuva kwaleso sikhathi, sizoqhubeka nokuhlwanyela ezimbizeni nge-substrate yokulima yendawo yonke.

Ukuze amakhowe angayenzi into yawo, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi ufafaze ithusi noma isulfure kokubili ku-tupperware nasembizeni.

Ukuhluma kuhamba kancane futhi akujwayeleki, kepha uma konke kuhamba kahle bazohluma cishe ezinyangeni ezi-3-4.

Izisiki (ebusika, ngemuva kweqhwa)

Ukuyikhulisa ngokusika, kusikwa izingcezu zamagatsha angaba ngu-20-25cm ubude, anezinkuni ezindala ezisekelweni zawo. Ngemuva kwalokho, isisekelo sifakwa izimpande ezenziwe ekhaya futhi sitshalwe ezimbizeni ezinesihlabathi se-volcanic (isibonelo, pomx noma akadama), emthunzini omncane.

Ngale ndlela izokhipha izimpande zayo ngenyanga noma ngaphezulu.

Izinhlupho nezifo

Iyamelana kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuphela kwesinambuzane esingadala umonakalo othile yi- I-Woodlouse, elashwa ngophalafini noma ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane elwa ne-mealybug.

Ngokuqondene nezifo, isikhunta sidala ukuphuzi nokususa amaqabunga, kepha akulona iqiniso futhi empeleni akuvamile ukwelashwa. Noma kunjalo, uma ukhathazekile ungaphatha isitshalo sakho ngama-fungicides okufafaza.

Isibindi

Imelana ngaphandle kwezinkinga kuze kufike ku -18ºC.

Uyisebenzisela ini?

Umhlobiso

I-Yew iyi-conifer yokuhlobisa kakhulu, ekahle ukuba nayo njengesibonelo esizimele, ngokuvumelanisa noma ngamaqembu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvame ukusebenza njenge bonsai.

Kuyadliwa

Izikhumba zezithelo zingadliwa uma imbewu isikhishiwe, ngakho-ke ziyathakazelisa ukusikhipha isisu kancane kuze kufike isikhathi sokudla 😉.

Madera

Izinkuni zezinhlobo eziningi ze-yew zisetshenzisiwe futhi esetshenziselwa ukubaza nokujoyina, ngoba imelana nemibandela yangaphandle.

Ucabangani ngalesi sihlahla?