Enye yezinambuzane ezithinta izihlahla zezithelo nezokuhlobisa, ikakhulukazi izihlahla zama-apula kanye namapheya yi UZeuzera pyrina. Luhlobo lwesinambuzane esine-polyphagous esondla kakhulu emathanjeni nasembewini yezinhlobo ezithile zezithelo nehlathi. I-xylophagous ikakhulukazi, okusho ukuthi bekuyimibukiso ezitsheni nasemagatsheni ukuzondla yona. Lokhu kubangela ukubhujiswa kwesistimu yemithambo yezihlahla nokonakala kwayo.
Ngakho-ke, kule ndatshana sizokutshela zonke izici, umjikelezo kodwa okunengqondo nokulawulwa kwesifo. UZeuzera pyrina.
Izici eziyinhloko
Lapho isihlahla sihlaselwa yi UZeuzera pyrina sinophawu olukhulu lokuba khona kwemibukiso emagatsheni nasesiqwini. Uyabona ukuthi isihlahla siqala kanjani ukuba nothwala kanye nendle emnyango wesikhala semibukiso eyenza isihlahla sibe buthakathaka. Ngokuvamile ukuvela kwe- UZeuzera pyrina kuholela ekubonakaleni kwama-scolithid ezihlahleni asebuthaka kakhulu. Isikhathi sokundiza salolu hlobo lude kakhulu futhi sibandakanya inani elikhulu lokuzalwa kwesibungu. Lokhu kwenza inani labo likhule ngokushesha. Ukuqashwa kwalesi silokazane kwenziwa ngama-pheromones, okuba ukhiye ekulawulweni kwawo.
Abantu abadala babunjwe njengovemvane oluncane. Imvamisa iba cishe ngama-70 mm ubude. Isifuba nokubikezela kumhlophe ngezinye izindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isisu sayo side futhi sinombala omnyama ngemigqa emhlophe. Isikhathi sokubonakala sisentwasahlobo futhi zivame ukundiza kuze kube nguSepthemba. Owesifazane oyedwa angabekela amaqanda afinyelela ku-1000. Amaqanda anombala ophuzi osagolide ngombala futhi alinganisa ubukhulu obuyi-millimeter elilodwa. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthola izikhathi eziningi.
Iminyango yemipheme yenziwa ngendlela eqoqekile nasezindaweni lapho umuthi ungaba khona nenxeba noma okunye okufakiwe okuvela eminyakeni eyedlule. Izibungu ziyabonakala njengoba ziphuzi ngamabala amnyama ahlukahlukene nekhanda elimnyama. Abantu abancane kakhulu baqanduselwa emaqandeni bese bengena ngama-axils amagatsha amancane kunawo wonke. Kulapha lapho baqala khona ukwakha imipheme ngendlela ebheke phezulu.
Umjikelezo wephenoloji we UZeuzera pyrina
Lapho amachwane esechanyuselwe eqandeni baqala ukudweba imipheme ngendlela ebheke phezulu. Yilapho bondla khona ukuze bakhule futhi bathuthuke. Lapho izibungu sezithuthuke ngokwengeziwe, zisuka endaweni efanayo ziye kumagatsha amakhulu asevele anesiqu esikhethekile. Imipheme, kulokhu, yakhiwa ngendlela eyehlayo. Ngesikhathi sasebusika banciphisa umsebenzi wabo ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphansi bese benyusa futhi entwasahlobo. Kusesikhathini sentwasahlobo lapho benza khona ama-chrysalis ngaphakathi kwegalari lapho kuzovela khona umuntu omusha omusha.
Ezindaweni ezibandayo, izindiza ziqala kamuva. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izibungu zidinga isikhathi esithe xaxa ukuze zikhule ngokugcwele. Ngalokho okudingekayo ukuqedela umjikelezo ophelele, imvamisa kuthatha cishe iminyaka emibili. Kodwa-ke, umonakalo abawenzayo mkhulu impela ezihlahleni ezithinta zona.
Ukulimala kwezinambuzane nokuqapha
Phakathi komonakalo owudalayo sibona ukoma kwamagatsha neziqu ngokuphuka okulandelayo. Ngokwenza buthakathaka amagatsha neziqu, kuhlala kusengozini enkulu ekusebenzeni komoya noma ezinye izimbangela. Lokhu kwehliswa kwe ubulukhuni beziqu namagatsha kungenxa yokuphakelwa kwawo okungumthambo. Izibungu zidla izinkuni zeziqu bese amagatsha eba mncane njengoba izibungu zakha imipheme. Imipheme ibhubhisa uhlelo lwe-vascular futhi ibangele ukufa kwezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu.
Izihlahla ezithandwa yilezi zinambuzane yilezo ezake zahlaselwa phambilini ngenxa yokuba sengozini kakhulu. Kungabalwa ukuthi umonakalo ezihlahleni ezincane mkhulu kakhulu kunalezo esezindala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho besebancane kuthinta ngqo ukukhula kwabo futhi bangabhujiswa ngokuphelele. Izinhlobo eziningi ezisencane futhi ezihlaselwa yi UZeuzera pyrina basala bengenamathuba okululama.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuqapha inkathazo izicupho ezinama-pheromones ezocansi zisetshenziselwa ukusungula ukuqala kwezindiza. Yilapho ungakwazi ukulawula nokuqapha ukuhlela ukubanjwa okukhulu kwesinambuzane. Ukwelashwa kokuqiniswa kwe-phytosanitary kufanele futhi kwenziwe ngemikhiqizo ethile egunyaziwe. Lezi zindlela zokwelashwa zivame ukuqondiswa kwizibungu ezisanda kuchanyuselwa ngemuva nje kokuba amaqanda echanyuselwe.
Ukwelashwa kwalesi silokazane ngokusebenzisa amakhemikhali kunzima kakhulu ngoba umsebenzi wabantu abadala uthatha isikhathi eside. Kungenxa yokuthi ukusetshenziswa kokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali kungahluleka ukuxhumana nesinambuzane. Kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi esithile ngqo noma ngemuva kokuqothulwa kwamaqanda bese kukuphinda njalo emavikini amabili.
Ukuthwebula okukhulu kweZeuzera pyrina
Ukuze kuncishiswe inani le- UZeuzera pyrina Kusetshenziswa izingibe zeDelta okumele zibekwe ekuvulekeni komnyango wemibukiso. Kufanele futhi zibhekiswe ngasemimoyeni ekhona esifundeni. Ezitshalweni ezingaphezulu kwamahektha ama-4, kufanele kubekwe isicupho ngehektha ngalinye. Okungenani izingibe ezimbili zizobekwa endaweni ngayinye. Olunye ugibe kufanele lubekwe eduze komngcele wesiza ukwazi ukuthi ngabe izinambuzane ziyafudukela kwenye indawo endaweni.
Izinhlelo zokubamba ngobuningi zivame ukuba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu yokulawula nokunciphisa inani lalesi sinambuzane. Basiza ukugcina abantu bangaphansi kwamazinga okubekezelelana. Landela imiyalo yokuqapha kanye ukwandisa ubukhulu bezicupho zibe izicupho eziyi-10 ehektheleni ngalinye.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngalesi sifo UZeuzera pyrina.