Rainfed amfanin gona

Lokacin da ruwan sama ya yi karanci, ba lallai ne a yi noma ba. A yankuna inda ruwan sama yake kadan, sun saba da yanayin gida tsawon karnoni. Kuma wannan shine, kamar yadda duk wanda ke da aikin noma "a jijiyoyin sa" zai iya gaya muku: yana da kyau kada ku yi yaƙi da sauyin yanayi. Wannan yana nufin cewa zaɓar shuke-shuke na asali, ko kasawa waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin irin wannan yanayin, zai sa noman ya zama da sauƙi.

Don haka idan kuna so ku sani menene mafi kyawun albarkatun ruwan sama, kuma menene amfanin kowane ɗayansu, bari mu ganshi a gaba.

Ruwan sama mai danshi na shuke-shuke

Sau da yawa su ne waɗanda aka fi nome su, tunda duk da cewa akwai da yawa da ke rayuwa na fewan watanni, kasancewar suna da ƙanƙani suna ba da izinin amfani da kowane wuri. A cikin wannan rukuni muna da:

Hatsi (Avena sp)

Hatsi ganye ne na shekara-shekara tare da tushe mai tsawon santimita 50. Mafi kyawun sanannun jinsin, sabili da haka mafi ƙwarewa, shine Avena sativa. Kodayake an fi amfani da shi azaman fodder, mutane ma suna amfani da shi azaman tsiron abinci, musamman a cikin abubuwan sha da flakes na karin kumallo.

Kamilu (camelina sativa)

Camelina ganye ce wacce ke iya zama shekara-shekara ko kuma shekara biyu dangane da yanayin yanayi (idan dumi ne, zai rayu na kimanin shekaru biyu, amma guda ɗaya). Tana girma tsakanin santimita 30 zuwa 80 a tsayi, kuma tana da ƙananan furanni waɗanda ke tsirowa daga tushe mai tushe. 'Ya'yanta suna da wadataccen mai mai omega 3, don haka amfani da ita kamar mai cin abinci ne.

Sha'ir (Hordeum mara kyau)

La sha'ir Ya kasance ɗayan ƙwayoyin hatsi na favoriteasar Masar ta dā, amma har yanzu ana ci gaba da nome ta sosai. A zahiri, ana samar da sama da tan miliyan 100 a duniya a kowace shekara. Kuma wannan tsiro ne na shekara-shekara, tare da kimanin tsayin 80 santimita, Ana amfani dashi azaman abin ci, ko azaman hatsi ko yin giya.

FyadeNaƙas Brassica)

Rapeseed wani ganye ne na shekara-shekara ko shekara-shekara wanda ke tasowa mai tsayi har zuwa tsawon santimita 150, kuma yana samar da furanni rawaya a bazara. Ana amfani dashi azaman fodder, biodiesel da man cin abinci, amma dole ne mu yi hankali idan muka sayi man da aka yi wa fyade saboda yana ɗauke da sinadarin erucic acid, zai iya zama mai guba a cikin allurai masu yawa.

Sunflower (Helianthus shekara)

El girasol Ganye ne na shekara-shekara wanda ke iya rayuwa tare da ɗan ƙaramin ruwa sau ɗaya bayan ya kafu cikin ƙasa. Yana haɓaka ƙarami ko ƙasa da tsayi, tsakanin santimita 50 zuwa 300, kuma a lokacin bazara yana samar da ƙarancin haske wanda muke kira a tsakiya wanda tsaba (bututu) zasu yi girma. Na karshen ana ci; a gaskiya, An cinye su kamar busassun 'ya'yan itace da mai, man sunflower wanda muke amfani dashi wajan girki. Hakanan yana da amfani wajen yin takarda.

Masara (Zeyi mays)

El masara Yana daya daga cikin mahimman hatsi a duniya, kuma ɗayan farkon wanda aka fara tara shi kimanin shekaru dubu 9 da suka gabata. Anyi shi a cikin abin da muka sani yau a matsayin Mexico, kuma ya isa Turai saboda godiya ga masu mulkin mallaka waɗanda suka tafi Amurka. Ciyawa ce wacce ta kai kusan ko lessasa da mita biyar a tsayi, kuma tana da halayyar ganyayyun ganyayyaki. Ana amfani dashi azaman hatsi mai ci, misali a cikin salads ko a cikin burodi.

Alkama (Triticum sp)

El alkama Yana da kowace shekara ganye wacce, bisa ga ragowar da aka samo, an yi imanin cewa an gida ta kusan 6700 BC C., a cikin tsohuwar Mesopotamia. Ganye yana da kamanceceniya da masara, kodayake yana da guntun tushe da tushe. Matsayinsa mafi tsayi shine mita 2. Amfani da shi abin ci ne: muna same shi a cikin burodi, abubuwan sha, abincin masana'antu. Ana amfani dashi a cikin abincin dabbobi.

Abubuwan da aka shuka da ruwa mai ƙaiƙayi

Kayan lambu masu ban sha'awa suna da ban sha'awa: ba kawai muna magana ne game da shuke-shuke da ke tsayayya da fari ba, har ma da waɗanda, gwargwadon girmansu, na iya ba mu inuwa. Kuma wannan shine inuwa abune mai matukar daraja a wuraren da ruwan sama kadan yake, tunda lokacin rani yawanci yakan dace da mafi zafi: bazara. Saboda haka, bari mu ga menene su:

zaitun daji (Tsire -tsire iri -iri)

El zaitun daji Ita bishiya ce, ko kuma dai wani babban shrub ne mai tsire-tsire, wanda ke girma zuwa mita 4-5 a tsayi. Yana da kambi mai faɗi, wanda yake rassa ɗan tazara daga ƙasa. Bai shahara kamar itacen zaitun ba, amma ana kuma cin 'ya'yan itacen sabo. Misali, a tsibirin Mallorca, yawanci ana yi musu hidimar burodi a ƙananan faranti.

Yaren Algarrobo (Tsarin Ceratonia)

El caro Bishiya ce, wacce kuma ba ta da ƙwari, har ta kai mita 6. Yana da faɗin kambi mai faɗi da akwati wanda yake son jingina tsawon shekaru. 'Ya'yan itacen ta, siliquas, su ne kwandon shara waɗanda ake amfani da su azaman ci, amma kuma azaman fodder.

Almond itacen (prunus dulcis)

El almond Itace bishiyar bishiyar itace ko tsiro wacce, kodayake tana iya rasa ganyenta kafin kaka idan rani ya bushe musamman, tsire ne da ake noma shi sosai a cikin Bahar Rum, misali, tunda baya buƙatar ruwa mai yawa. Tana fitar da aa fruitan itace da muka sani da almond, wanda za a iya cinye sabo ne (cire harsashi), ko yin abin sha ko kayan zaki dashi.

Kwanan wata (Phoenix dactylifera)

La kwanan wata Yana daya daga cikin itaciyar dabinon da yafi kyamar fari. Ya kai tsayi har zuwa mita 30, kuma yana da niyyar bunkasa kututtu masu yawa. Ganyayyaki masu launi ne, masu launin shuɗi-kore, kuma zuwa lokacin bazara yana ba da 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa: dabino. Wadannan an cinye su bushe da gwangwani.

Zaitun (Yayi kyau)

El itacen zaitun Itace ce wacce take da tsayi mai tsayin mita 15. Yana da kambi mai fadi, da kuma tsawon rai (ya wuce shekaru 200). Zaitun suna da ban sha'awa sosai: ana iya cinsu danye, ko a abinci irin su pizzas da makamantansu.. Ana kuma yin man zaitun da su, wanda ake amfani da shi wajen girki.

Dutse dutse (Pinus na dabba)

El pine dutse Kwanciya ce wacce take da tsayin daka har zuwa mita 50, kodayake a cikin noma yana da wahala ya wuce (kuma a bar shi ya wuce) mita 10. Tsirrai ne mai tsattsauran ra'ayi wanda ke tsayayya da fari da yanayin zafi mai zafi. Menene ƙari, yana samar da goro, wanda ake amfani dashi a kayan kamshi ko adon ado.

Shin kun san sauran albarkatun ruwa?