Iyalin Araliaceae Ya kunshi kusan jinsi 50 kuma kadan ya kasa da nau'in 1000, a ciki ana samun tsire-tsire kamar na kowa aiwi, da shugaba da kuma asiya, da sauransu suma sanannu ne amma basu da ƙwarewa a aikin lambu, kamar su ginseng. Abubuwan halaye na yau da kullun na wannan iyalin sune ganyen dabino da inflorescences mai siffar umbel.
Mafi yawa daga cikin iyali Araliaceae Bishiyoyi ne masu kamannin ban sha'awa, amma suna bushe rassa da yawa lokacin da suke fure. Saboda wannan, yawancin waɗanda suka girma shukane ne, tare da kawai 'yan bishiyoyi musamman masu ban mamaki. Nan gaba zamu gani halaye da kulawa da wasu daga cikin tsirrai na wannan dangin mafi yawan amfani dashi a aikin lambu.
Aralia Elata (gama gari aralia)
Wannan nau'in yana girma yana haifar da itacen da yake yanke bishiyoyi tare da rassa a tsaye, suna kama da kamannin ailanthus ko sumac. Ganyayyakin sa abubuwa ne masu hade-hadeA wata ma'anar, kowane cikakkiyar ganye ya kasance daga "reshe" wanda mafi yawan "rassa" suke fitowa (kamar ƙashin kifi), daga waɗancan ƙasidu ke fitowa (wanda ake kira da naman alade ko 'yan takardu). Yana da ban sha'awa cewa ganye, tsire-tsire waɗanda ke ba da suna ga dangi Araliaceae sun sha bamban da sauran nau'ikan. Abunda yake dasu basu cika bayyana ba, kodayake suna lokacin da suka cika da witha fruitsan jan disha .an. Ba kasafai sukan kai 5m a tsayi ba. Yan asalin kasar ne Japan da Koriya, inda ake amfani dashi azaman abinci.
Ba a amfani da wannan musamman a cikin Sifen, amma ana amfani da shi a sauran Turai, kuma akwai nau'o'in girke-girke masu yawa da ganyayyaki daban-daban. Dalilin haka shi ne cewa duk da cewa yana haƙuri yanayin zafi kusa da -30ºC (ya isa girma dashi a yawancin Turai), baya tsayawa sosai da zafi da kuma rashin yanayin ɗanshi. Kuna buƙatar ƙasa waɗanda koyaushe suna da danshi amma suna da kyau, duk da cewa ba ku damu sosai da pH ko rubutu ba.
Shrub ne ko littlean ƙaramin reshen reshe wanda yakai 3m ko 5m, ya danganta da ƙananan. Gangar sa tana da kauri sosai, musamman a gindi, tare da haushi mai ban mamaki. Tana zaune a kudancin Afirka, don komai Afirka ta Kudu da kudancin Botswana. Yana da ganye kawai, waɗanda suke da girma ƙwarai, a ƙarshen rassan. Ganyayyaki suna haɗuwa da dabino, kore ko launin shuɗi. Peananan paniculata karami ne, suna da ganye masu kaifi-santsi, kuma ana samun su ne kawai a Gabashin Cape. Sinididdigar sinnuata sun fi girma, yana da ganye mai ƙoshin gaske da kuma rarrabawa. Fuskokinsa suna kama da kunnuwan masarar da sandunan da ke fitowa daga ƙarshen rassan suke.
Yana da kyau sosai don lambun hamada saboda yanayin birgewa da juriya da sanyi (har zuwa kusan -7ºC), zafi da fari. Hakanan yana da ban sha'awa sosai ga tarin caudiciform saboda caudex da take samarwa lokacin saurayi. Kuna buƙatar ƙarancin ƙasa mai kyau wanda baya ɗaukar ruwa da yawa. Ya fi son kasancewa cikin cikakken rana, amma yana jure wasu inuwa.
Cussonia spicata (itacen kabeji)
Wannan nau'in yana girma zuwa babban itace (har zuwa 15m tsawo), ɗayan mafi girma a cikin duka dangin. Araliaceae. Suna da branchesan rassa kaɗan, har ma da rassa masu kyau, wani abu mai ban mamaki a wannan gidan. Ganyayyakinsa sau biyu suna haduwa da dabino (wani ganyen dabino daga ƙarshen kowace "yatsan"), koren launi mai launi. Gangar tana da ɗan bushewar bakin ciki, amma tana yin kauri sosai. Abubuwan inflorescences sunyi kama da na C. paniculata, amma karami kuma yafi yawa. Zauna cikin yankuna masu danshi na kudu maso gabashin Afirka.
Ba a yadu amfani dashi a cikin Spain saboda baya jure yanayin sanyi sosai (har zuwa kusan -2ºC) kuma har ma a yankunan bakin teku yana da wuya ya kai manyan girma. Yana bukatar ruwa mai yawa, musamman lokacin da yake saurayi. Ba shi da matukar buƙata tare da ƙasa, kodayake ya fi son su da magudanan ruwa mai kyau.
fata japonica (Japan aralia)
Ya zama daji mai tsayin kusan 2 ko 3m kuma ya fi fadi idan yana cikin cikakken rana. Yana da ganyen dabino wanda yake kore ne mai duhu kuma yana sheki sosai. Akwai nau'o'in noma iri-iri masu yawa, waɗanda aka fi nema bayan 'variegata' da 'gidan gizo-gizo'. Wannan tsire-tsire yawanci ana kafa shi ne da tushe da yawa waɗanda ba su da tushe waɗanda suka fito daga tushe, tare da ganye tare da dukkan rassan, ban da tsofaffin samfuran da kawai ke ƙarshen. Abubuwan da yake da ƙananan maganganu iri ɗaya ne da na ivy, amma sun fi yawa a duniya. Endemic zuwa Japan.
Ofaya daga cikin tsirrai da aka fi amfani da su azaman tsire-tsire na cikin gida, amma ya fi kyau a waje, inda ya fi so ya kasance a cikin inuwar rabi-rabi, amma yana jurewa daga cikakken inuwa zuwa cikakken rana. Ya fi son lokacin sanyi mai sanyi da sanyi, don haka a yankuna masu dumi ya fi kyau a shuka shi a inuwa. Game da substrate, kuna son shi koyaushe mai danshi amma ba danshi ba, don haka yana buƙatar magudanar ruwa mai kyau. Zai iya girma a kowace ƙasa, amma baya yarda da yashi mai yawa ko ƙasa mai zurfin pH sosai. Tsayar da yanayin zafi kusa da -10ºC.
Hedera helix (aiwi)
Ofaya daga cikin tsire-tsire masu hawa hawa a aikin lambu. Nau'in daji na iya hawa sama da kusan 10m a tsayi (ko kuma sama da goyon bayansa, inda ya yi cudanya da tushen sha'awa), inda zai fara sanya rassan masu kauri, samar da wani irin kofi da furanni. Yana da nau'i biyu na ganye, saƙar gizo, wanda aka samo akan mai tushe, da sauransu na ƙirar kwalliya wanda aka samo akan sandunan filawa. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan shuka iri iri, masu ganyayyaki iri daban-daban da launuka daban-daban, kuma suna da nau'ikan girma iri uku: na babba, iri daya da na daji; tsire-tsire na yara (suna kiyaye bayyanar nau'in ivy na 'yan shekaru a duk tsawon rayuwarsu), waɗanda sune dwarf cultivars waɗanda ake amfani dasu azaman tsire-tsire rataye; da daji, wanda koyaushe ke girma kamar rassan furanni. Abubuwan inflorescences suna da ɗan umbels na duniya, tare da fararen furanni, kuma galibi ana samunsu ne kawai a cikin rawanin kambi. Tana da babban yanki na rarrabawa, duk kudu da yammacin Turai, arewacin Afirka da Asiya, daga Indiya zuwa Japan.
Ana amfani dashi a ciki da waje, amma koyaushe zaiyi kyau a waje, inda yake samar da kututtuka masu ban sha'awa. Rassan hawa sun fi son zama a cikin inuwa ta rabin-dare, amma idan kuna son a cika ta da furanni, mafi kyawu a cikin cikakkiyar rana, inda za ta samar da rassan furanni a ko'ina cikin shukar. Dwarf na girke-girke gabaɗaya basa fure kuma sunfi kyau kyau a inuwa ta kusa-kusa. Ba a buƙatar komai da nau'in ƙasa ko yanayi, kodayake yana da kyau a shayar da shi a cikin yanayin busassun, musamman idan ba ya cikin inuwa, kodayake yana jure fari. Hardarfin sanyi ya dogara da yanayin noma, amma gabaɗaya jure yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa -10ºC, kodayake tare da lalacewa idan sun kamu da iska da sanyi.
X Fatshedera lizei (avyia ivy)
Sau da yawa ana siyar dashi a cikin gandun daji da aka gano azaman aiwuwa ne. Da gaske ne matasan na Hedera helix y fata japonica, hada kan ci gaban duka biyun. Ya kasance yana da ganyayyakin yanar gizo kama da aiwi, amma mafi buɗewa. Hakanan yana faruwa tare da inflorescences. Yana girma cikin shrub tare da rassan kuka, kama da ƙaya ko bougainvillea. Ana iya samunsa kamar tsiron hawa, amma dole ne a ɗaura shi, tunda baya fitar da kowane irin tallafi. Akwai nau'o'in girke-girke da yawa, amma wadanda aka fi sani sune kore da kuma masu bambancin ra'ayi, wadanda galibi ana siyar dasu kanana.
Na kulawa kwatankwacin fata japonica: inuwa mai kusan-inuwa, ƙasa mai danshi koyaushe (kodayake yana jure farin fari sosai), mafi qarancin -10ºC...
Panax ginseng (ginseng)
Waɗannan ƙananan tsire-tsire ne da ba a gani, waɗanda yawanci ba su wuce ganye huɗu ko biyar da ke fitowa daga ƙasa. Babban abu mai ban mamaki game da wannan shukar shine babban tushen sa na tubus, wanda zai iya samun yanayin dan adam kwatankwacinsa (amma ba kamar na mandrake ba). Ba'a amfani dashi a aikin lambu, amma ana amfani dashi azaman tsire-tsire mai magani. Ganyayyakin sa suna daɗaɗaɗɗen dabino kuma ƙarancinsa yana ɗauke da dunƙulen dunƙulen duniya guda ɗaya. 'Ya'yan itaciyarta ja ne. Yana girma a yankunan sanyi na Asiya.
Game da kulawa, yana buƙatar ƙasa mai laushi tare da magudanan ruwa mai kyau don haɓaka tushen da kyau, tare da pH mai ɗumi sosai. Tsayar da yanayin zafi a ƙasa -20ºC (har zuwa -40ºC idan ya bushe, in ba haka ba yana ruɓe), amma ba zafi ba. Hakanan baya goyan bayan rana kai tsaye, don haka yana buƙatar girma cikin inuwa ko inuwar ta kusa-kusa. Dangane da ban ruwa, a koda yaushe yana son wani danshi a cikin bututun, amma ba zai iya tsayawa ruwa ba.
Pseudopanax ferox
Shuka mai ban sha'awa, endemic zuwa New Zealand, wanda za'a iya ɗauka ɗayan bishiyoyi mafi ƙaranci a duniya. Yana farawa ta hanyar kafa madaidaiciya kara, ba tare da rassa ba, daga wacce dogon, siriri, launin ruwan kasa, ganye masu tsayayye da ƙayayuwa suka fito. A tsakanin shekaru 10-15, lokacin da ya kai kimanin 4m, zai fara yin reshe kuma ya fi guntu da faɗi fadi, ba tare da ƙaya ba, mara ƙanƙantar da kai da kuma yanayin launin kore. Da zarar ta samo waɗannan halaye, zata iya fara yin fure, ta zama abubuwan ƙyama na duniya waɗanda ba a san su ba. Ya kai matsakaicin 6m. Dalilin wannan bakon girma shine karbuwa don kaucewa cin moas, manyan tsuntsayen kwatankwacin emus da suka shuɗe.
Tana bukatar wani fili mai dauke da magudanan ruwa mai kyau, amma duk da cewa kamanninta ya nuna akasin hakan, baya jure fari, yana bukatar matattarar ruwa mai danshi koyaushe. Zai iya kasancewa a cikin cikakkiyar rana ko inuwa mai kusan rabin inuwa. Koda kuwa jure yanayin zafi kusa da -10ºC, yana bukatar tsari daga iska mai sanyi.
schefflera arboricola (shugaba)
Wani tsire-tsire na gida gama gari. A waje, an dasa shi a cikin ƙasa, yana kafa babban daji, 'yan mitoci biyu da faɗi kimanin mita huɗu, kodayake a yanayin wurare masu zafi ya zama itace. Ganyayyakinsa na dabino ne, mai duhu ne, kodayake yawanci ana siyar da nau'ikan kwalliya, tare da koren ganye masu haske tare da rawaya rawaya. Ya tsiro kamar hankula shrub, tare da rassan reshe daga ragu. Abubuwan inflorescences sune abubuwan firgici waɗanda ke fitowa kai tsaye, tare da furanni rawaya da ƙananan fruitsa fruitsan itace masu launuka iri-iri. 'Yan ƙasar Taiwan da Hainan.
Su tsire-tsire ne masu juriya waɗanda ke iya tsayayya da kowane nau'in ƙasa, kodayake sun fi son tsire-tsire masu da kyau. Hakanan yana jure fari da yawan ruwa. Zai iya kasancewa duka a cikin cikakkiyar rana da kuma cikin inuwa ta rabin-rami. A cikin cikakken inuwa yawanci yakan rayu wasu fewan shekaru, amma baya girma da kyau. Game da juriya mai sanyi, yana riƙe da ƙasa da -3ºC, amma tare da lalacewa, kuma sanyi ya ƙone ganye.
Aikace-aikacen Schefflera (itacen dorina)
Kamar S. arboricolaAbu ne sananne a matsayin tsire-tsire na cikin gida, amma wannan ya fi dacewa don ganin a waje a yankunan bakin teku. Tana girma zuwa matsakaiciyar bishiya tare da branan reshe, ta fi ta girma nesa ba kusa ba. Ganyayyakinsa na dabino ne, amma tare da rataye fiye da 10 da manyan "yatsu" (takardu), wanda ke ba shi bayyanar mai ban mamaki da yanayin zafi. Abubuwan inflorescences sune manya-manyan alfarwa-kamar farfajiyar fitila tare da furanni masu ruwan hoda, wanda ya ba ta sunan itacen dorinar ruwa. Tana tsirowa a dazukan daji na Australiya, New Guinea, da Java.
Yana buƙatar tataccen ƙasa da ruwa mai yawa tun yana saurayi. Yana jure wa wasu inuwa, amma ya fi son kasancewa cikin cikakkiyar rana, da kyau tare da zafi da zafi mai zafi. A ka'ida tana ɗaukar kusan -3ºC, amma daskarewa zuwa tushe da zaran ta sauka ƙasa -1ºC, don haka ana ba da shawarar kawai a yi shi a cikin yanayi ba tare da sanyi ba.
Cold chefleras
Kodayake yawanci ba su girma kuma ana sayar da su da tsada, amma akwai nau'ikan da yawa na masu dafa abinci waɗanda ke da matukar saurin sanyi. Yawancin waɗannan nau'ikan sune shrubs ko ƙananan seedlingsan rassa masu tsire-tsire tare da ganyen dabino mai hade da kyawawan takardu, amma akwai wasu, kamar su Macrophylla na Schefflera, tare da ganye sama da 1m dogon da kuma fadi sosai leaflet. Suna yawan zama gandun daji gizagiz a tsawan tsaunuka
Galibi suna buƙatar ƙasa mai daɗaɗa wacce koyaushe tana da danshi da wasu inuwa. Kari kan haka, gaba daya ba sa jure zafi sai dai idan akwai babban zafi, amma mafi yawa jure yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa -10ºC.
Tetrapanax papyrifer
Ofaya daga cikin tsirrai waɗanda koyaushe zamu samu a cikin yanayi mai sanyi na lambuna masu zafi. Smallananan itace, littlean reshe mai rassa wanda da wuya ya wuce 4m a tsayi. Tana da fashewar haushi mai ban sha'awa, amma sha'awarta tana cikin manyan ganyayyaki da ɗan ɗanɗano. Dukkanin tsiron an lullube shi da karammiski wanda ya zo tabawa kuma yana haifar da tari idan aka shaka. Lokacin da aka rage girman girman ganyen, saboda haka yawanci ana bada shawara a bar reshe ɗaya kawai. A cikin manyan shuke-shuke, sabbin tsirrai suna fitowa daga asalinsu, don haka zasu iya zama masu cin zali. Yana ɗayan thean tsire-tsire na dangi Araliaceae yankewa, cutar ta Taiwan.
Suna buƙatar matattarar ruwa mai ɗumi wanda ke da ƙoshin lafiya koyaushe, kuma kodayake sun haƙura da inuwa, sun fi son kasancewa cikin cikakken rana. Suna jure zafi sosai, da yanayin zafi kusa da -10ºC. Suna riƙe da pH mai yawa, amma a cikin ƙasa na asali suna da saukin kamuwa da baƙin ƙarfe chlorosis.
Waɗannan sune tsire-tsire masu haɓaka na iyali Araliaceae, kodayake akwai wasu da gaske masu ban sha'awa. Shin ka san su duka? Idan kuna son ɗaya, ina gayyatarku ku saya, akwai shafukan yanar gizo da yawa waɗanda ke siyar da su a farashi mai kyau.
