Atrium

Ferns na jinsi Athyrium tsirrai ne waɗanda suke da kauri amma gajere rhizome, daga abin da ganye ke tsiro - wanda a zahiri ake kira fronds - kyakkyawa da kyau. A zahiri, galibi ana amfani dasu don kawata lambuna, musamman waɗancan kusurwa inda hasken rana baya isa da kyau.

Kamar dai hakan bai isa ba, akwai nau'ikan iri-iri, a cikin jimla guda 180, kodayake ƙananan ɓangarorinsu kawai ake tallatawa. Shin kana son sanin menene su?

Asali da halaye na Athyrium

Athyrium su ne faranti masu yankewa na gidan Athyriaceae ne na botanical kuma yana girma mafi yawa a cikin arewacin duniya. Gabaɗaya, gabaɗaya ƙananan ƙananan shuke-shuke ne, masu tsayin kusan santimita 40 zuwa 50, tare da raƙuman rabewa zuwa fascicles waɗanda suke da petiole a tushe.

Kamar duka motsa jikiBa su da furanni, amma a ƙasan ƙyallensu suna da sporangia, wanda a nan ne ake samar da ƙwayoyin cuta (kwatankwacin iri). Waɗannan spores ɗin suna da siffar ellipsoidal, kuma saboda ƙananan girmansu ana iya ganinsu ta hanyar microscope kawai.

Babban nau'in

Mafi sanannun nau'in Athyrium sune masu zuwa:

Athyrium asplenioides

El Athyrium asplenioides tsiro ne mai kyau ƙwarai, tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai ƙwanƙwasawa wacce ta kai tsawon mita 1. Waɗannan su ne masu ɗanɗano da koren, tare da tushe mai ruwan kasa.

Athyrium filix-femina

El Athyrium filix-femina Wannan shine mafi yawan nau'ikan kasuwanci, wanda aka sani da rijiyar ko mata fern. Tana girma a cikin dazuzzukan arewacin duniya, a waɗancan wurare da aka kiyaye su daga rana da kuma inda yanayi yake da yanayi. Fuskokinsa kore ne, tare da matsakaicin tsayi na santimita 120, kuma tare da launin ruwan kasa mai tushe a gindi.

Athyrium niponicum

El Athyrium niponicum, ko Jafananci da aka zana fern, iri-iri ne masu ado iri-iri. Fuskokin sa suna tsakanin tsayin santimita 30 zuwa 70, kuma sun kare. Jijiyoyinta jajaye ne, launi ne wanda ya sha bamban da koren kyalkyalin launin fata.

Tun daga 2011 jinsin wani bangare ne na jinsi na Anisocampium, amma tunda har yanzu ana saninsa da wannan sunan, mun sanya shi a cikin jerin.

Othyhorum mai yawan gaske

El Othyhorum mai yawan gaske, wanda aka sani da fern kunne, tsire-tsire ne na ƙasar Japan da Gabashin Asiya wanda ya kai santimita 50. Fushinsu koren kore ne lokacin da suke toho, kuma daga ƙarshe sun zama masu launin toka-toka lokacin da suka girma. Mai tushe garnets.

Menene kulawar da suke buƙata?

Idan kana son samun Athyrium a cikin yanayi mai kyau, to, zamu fada maka yadda zaka kula dashi domin ya dore ... duk abinda zai dore:

Yanayi

Wadannan tsire-tsire dole ne su kasance a ciki rabin inuwa. Tushenta ba mai cutarwa ba ne, amma idan za ku same su a cikin ƙasa muna ba ku shawara ku dasa su aƙalla aƙalla mita ɗaya daga sauran tsire-tsire masu kamanceceniya da juna. Ta wannan hanyar, ƙyallensu ba zai rufe su ba kuma zasu iya haɓaka ba tare da matsala ba.

Tierra

• Tukunyar fure: dole ne a samar da sinadarin da za a yi amfani da shi a cakuda ciyawa (na sayarwa) a nan) da kuma tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire (don sayarwa) a nan) a cikin sassan daidai.
• Aljanna: dole ne ƙasa ta kasance mai haske, mai wadataccen kayan abinci, kuma ɗan acidic, wato, tare da pH tsakanin 5 da 7.

Watse

Bari mu matsa zuwa ban ruwa. Gabas dole ne ya zama mai yawa a lokacin rani, Tunda ferns basa iya jure fari. Amma dole ne a yi la'akari da cewa yawan ruwa ma yana cutar da su, tunda Athyriums ba na ruwa bane, amma na ƙasa ne saboda haka idan aka shayar da su da yawa tushen zai zama ambaliyar ruwa.

Da wannan a zuciya, yana da kyau a sha ruwa kimanin 3, watakila sau 4 a sati a wannan lokacin. Sauran shekara, tunda yawanci ana ruwan sama ne kuma yanayin zafi ya yi ƙasa, za mu sha ruwa kowane kwana 5-6. Tabbas, idan muka yi hakan, yana da mahimmanci mu guji jika shukar, musamman a lokacin hunturu saboda tana iya ruɓewa.

Haushi

Wadannan ferns suna rayuwa a cikin yanayin yanayin zafi mai zafi. Saboda wannan, Yana da mahimmanci idan danshi na lambun yayi ƙasa ƙwarai, sai ka fesa gashinta (ganye) da ruwan sama ko ruwa mai laushi. Hakanan yana da ban sha'awa, musamman idan kuna cikin gida, saka kwantena da ruwa kewaye da tukunyar.

Mai Talla

A lokacin bazara har ma da rani (ko kaka idan kana yankin da yanayi yake da dumi, ko babu sanyi mai karfi) yana da mahimmanci ka sanya masa taki domin ya girma sosai. Yi amfani da takin mai magani kamar guano ko na duniya, ana bin umarnin don amfani.

Dasawa

Idan kana son dasa shi a gonar, dole ne ku yi shi a cikin bazara. Idan kuna da shi a cikin tukunya, dole ne ku matsar da shi zuwa mafi girma idan kun ga cewa ya ƙare sarari don ci gaba da girma.

Rusticity

Tsayayya ga sanyi ya bambanta bisa ga nau'in. Misali:

• Athyrium asplenioides: a cewar tashar yanar gizo ta Ingilishi DavesGarden, tana adawa har zuwa -39,9ºC.
• Athyrium filix-femina: har zuwa -5ºC.
• Othyhorum mai yawan gaske: har zuwa -10ºC.

Me kuke tunani game da waɗannan tsire-tsire?