Shin kuna son sanin irin nau'ikan tsire-tsire na 'ya'yan itace? Idan kana daya daga cikin wadanda suke son ware kasarka, baranda ko farfajiya domin noman jinsunan da za'a iya cinye su, dole ne kayi la’akari da wani abu da watakila zaka so shi: akwai shuke-shuke iri-iri da zasu amfani kai Amma ee: ya zama dole ku san su kaɗan, in ba haka ba zaku ƙare kashe kuɗi a banza.
Misali, ya zama dole ka sanar da kanka game da bukatun ta na haske da kuma yadda take, tunda a, a ce, mangoro ba zai yi girma sosai ba a yankin da yanayi yake na wurare masu zafi da danshi fiye da wani wurin da ake rajistar sanyi. Saboda haka, a ƙasa muna nuna muku zaɓi na tsire-tsire masu 'ya'yan itace, ya dace da girma a cikin yanayin yanayi mai sanyi da yanayi (wato, yankunan da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri 0).
'Ya'yan itacen marmari
Duk bishiyoyi suna ba da fruita fruita, amma ba duka sun dace da cin ɗan adam ba. Hakanan, akwai wadanda suke masu yanke hukunci wasu kuma basu da launi. Ba a tabbatar da wacce za a zaɓa ba? Karki damu.
Don sauƙaƙa muku, za mu gaya muku 'yan misalai na kowane nau'i:
Mai yankewa
Almond
Hoton - Wikimedia / Diego Delso
El almond, wanda sunansa na kimiyya prunus dulcis, itace itaciya ce ta asali wacce take Asiya, amma ta kasance a yankin Bahar Rum kusan shekaru 2000 (a cewar Wikipedia), wanda shine lokacin da Phoenicians suka gabatar da shi. Ya kai tsayin mita 3 zuwa 5, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin bishiyoyin fruita fruitan itace waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙananan awanni masu sanyi (tsakanin 200 zuwa 500).
Yana son rana. Tsirrai ne wanda dole ne a samar dashi a cikin yumbu ko ƙasa mai tsaka saboda ya iya girma. Hakanan, yana da sauƙin shayar da shi lokaci-lokaci, tunda duk da cewa yana tsayayya da fari a ɗan wani lokaci, yana inganta sosai idan yana karɓar ruwa a kai a kai, musamman lokacin bazara. Ga sauran, yana yin tsayayya har zuwa -7ºC, kodayake yanayin sanyi na cutar da shi.
Damascus
Hoton - Wikimedia / Fir0002
Itacen apricot ko apricot, wanda sunansa na kimiyya yake Prunus Armenia, itace itaciya ce wacce take asalin ƙasar Armeniya. Ya kai tsakanin mita 3 zuwa 6 a tsayi, kuma yana da ɗan ɗan ƙaya. Yana samar da gagan itace na subglobose ko ellipsoidal, tare da velvety yellowish ko fatar lemu.
Yana buƙatar ƙasa mai yalwa, ƙasa mai daɗi, da fitowar rana. Game da haɗarin, dole ne su zama matsakaici. Don samar da fruita fruitan itace mai kyau, ya zama dole kuma yanayin ya kasance mai yanayi, tare da sanyi zuwa -12ºC.
Itacen Apple
El apple itacen, wanda sunansa na kimiyya Malus gidan sarauta, itace itaciya ce wacce take asalin kasar China. Zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita 12, amma a noman yana da wuya ana barin shi ya wuce mita 3. Ba kamar sauran Malus ba, ba shi da kashin baya. 'Ya'yan itacen ta marmari ne na globose tare da siraran fata, kore, rawaya, ko ja dangane da nau'ikan.
Dole ne a dasa shi a wuri mai rana, kuma a shayar da shi ta hanyar hana ƙasa bushewakamar yadda ba zai yi tsayayya ba. Zai iya girma cikin ƙasan yumbu, matuƙar ba su huda ruwa ba (ko, idan sun yi, sha ruwan da kyau. Yana hana sanyi zuwa -12ºC.
Rariya
Naranjo
Itacen lemu, wanda sunansa na kimiyya yake Citrus sinensis, itace wacce take asalin China da Indochina cewa ya kai tsayi har zuwa mita 10. Ganyensa manya ne, kore ne, kuma yana fitar da fararen furanni wadanda ke bada kamshi mai dadi. 'Ya'yan itacen shine hesperidium, zagaye, tare da bawon lemu da kuma ɓangaren litattafan almara zuwa kashi da yawa.
Ana iya girma a cikin yanayi mai zafi, a rana cikakke kuma a yashi ko yashi ƙasa, wanda pH yake tsakanin 6 da 7. Yana jure wa farar ƙasa, amma a cikin waɗannan zai zama dole a yi amfani da leken ƙarfe lokaci-lokaci, ko takin shi da takin takamaiman takin gargajiya. Tana yin tsayayya da raunin sanyi, zuwa -5ºC, amma an fi so cewa ba ta sauka kasa -2ºC.
Medlar
El medlar, wanda sunansa na kimiyya Eriobotrya japonica, Fruita fruitan itace ne na asalin ƙasar China cewa ya kai tsayin mita 10. Ya kamata a lura da kyaun ganyensa, wadanda manya har zuwa santimita 30, kore mai duhu a gefen babba, kuma tare da tsufa mai girma a ƙasan. 'Ya'yan itacen suna pyriform, ellipsoid ko subglobose pommel, rawaya zuwa lemu idan sun nuna.
Ba abu ne mai nema ba. Tana haƙuri da ƙasa mai yawa da yanayi, yana iya rayuwa duka a cikin ƙananan yanayi da waɗanda suke da dumi-dumi. Duk abin da kuke buƙata shine rana da ruwa na yau da kullun. Ya yi tsayayya har zuwa -7ºC, amma dole ne ku tuna cewa don ba da fruita fruita yana da muhimmanci cewa matsakaicin yanayin zafin shekara duka ya yi daidai ko ya fi 15ºC, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake ɗaukarsa itace fruita fruitan itace na bakin teku.
Itace Olive
Hoton - Wikimedia / Forest & Kim Starr
Itacen zaitun, wanda sunansa na kimiyya yake Yayi kyau, itacen bishiya ne wanda yake asalin yankin Rum, wanda yayi tsayi har tsawon mita 15. Kambin ta yana da fadi, kuma gangar jikin sa mai kauri ne, kuma tunda bashi da ƙaya, ana amfani da shi duka don kawata lambun da itsa itsan ta. Waɗannan zaituni ne, watau, succulent drupes na kore ko baƙar fata mai launi dangane da nau'ikan.
Girma a cikin ƙasa waɗanda ke da kyakkyawan malalewa, cikin cikakken rana. Yana tsayayya da fari sosai (daga gogewa zan iya fada muku cewa yana rayuwa da kyau tare da ruwan sama na 350mm na shekara-shekara, idan an dasa shi a cikin ƙasa). Baya buƙatar yin awowi na sanyi don bada fruita fruita, kodayake yana da mahimmanci cewa sanyi yayi rauni, zuwa -10ºC.
'Ya'yan itacen bishiyoyi da inabai
Ba mu da tunani game da waɗannan tsire-tsire, amma gaskiyar ita ce za su iya ba mu wasa mai yawa. Misali, don iyakance hanyoyi, ko don shuka su a cikin tukwane, suna da ban sha'awa sosai:
Turanci
El cranberry, wanda sunansa na kimiyya Vaccinium corymbosum, ɗan itace ne mai ƙarancin shuɗi ga ƙasar Amurka. Yana da zagaye mai ɗaukar nauyi, kuma ya kai matsakaicin tsayi na mita 2. Tana fitar da ,an itace, zagaye fruitsa fruitsan itace, mai launin shuɗi a lokacin da suka nuna.
Yana da shrub mai kulawa da iska, wanda yana zaune a cikin ƙasa mai ƙarancin acid tare da pH tsakanin 4 da 5. A gefe guda, yana tsayayya har zuwa -15ºC.
Blackthorn
Blackthorn, wanda sunansa na kimiyya yake prunus spinosa, Itace itace mai rarrabuwa wacce ya kai tsayin mita 4. Yana da matukar ɗauke da rassa da sarƙaƙƙiya, kazalika da ƙayayuwa. 'Ya'yan itacen suna drupes masu kyau na launin shuɗi, masu ƙyalli ko baƙi.
Girma a cikin ƙasa iri-iri iri-iri, kuma yayin da yake tsayayya har zuwa -15ºC, babu shakka yana da ban sha'awa sosai ga tukunya da kuma zama a cikin lambun.
kiwi
El kiwi, wanda sunansa na kimiyya Actinidia mai dadi, itacen inabi ne wanda yake asalin Asiya, musamman China. Zai iya kaiwa mita 9 a tsayi idan tana da tallafi ta hau. Yana samar da furanni farare mai ƙanshi da fruitsa fruitsan itace waɗanda suke shapedaure masu ƙyalli. Fatar waɗannan na da kyau sosai, kore ne mai ruwan kasa, kuma ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da haske kore.
Yana tsiro duka a cikin rana da kuma a cikin yankuna tare da m inuwa. Dole ne ƙasa ta kasance mai zurfin da wadataccen kayan halitta. Tsayayya har zuwa -7ºC.
Sauran fruita fruitan itace
Kun ga bishiyoyi, shuke-shuke da wasu tsire-tsire masu hawa hawa waɗanda ke ba da fruitsa fruitsan ci. Amma ... akwai wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire waɗanda suma an ba da shawarar sosai:
Kwanan wata
Dabino, sunansa na kimiyya Phoenix dactylifera, ɗan dabino ne da ke kudu maso yammacin Asiya. Gabaɗaya yana da yawa (ma'ana, yana haɓaka kututtura da yawa), amma yana iya zama mai ɗorewa (akwati ɗaya). Ya kai tsayin mita 30, tare da diamita daga 20 zuwa 50 santimita. Ganyayyakin sa masu juzu'i ne da sauri, tsawon su ya kai mita 5. Tana samar da fruitsa fruitsan itacen thata oban itace mai longan olong-ovoid, waɗanda ake kira dabino.
A namo ba abu ne mai nema ba, amma dole ne a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa da ke malale ruwa da kyau, kuma a rana cikakke. Tsayayya har zuwa -4ºC.
Strawberry
La garin bambaro, wanda sunansa na kimiyya Fragaria vesca, ganye ne mai ɗorewa (yana rayuwa shekaru da yawa) cewa ya kai tsawon kimanin santimita 30. Ganyayyakin sa na wardi ne, wadanda suka hada da takardu guda uku. Furannin suna da fari, kuma itsa fruitsan itacen ta polyaquenian ne, masu launin ja lokacin da suka nuna.
Yana buƙatar kasancewa a yankin da aka kiyaye shi daga rana, kodayake yana iya bayar da fruita fruita a cikin inuwa mai kusan rabin. Dole ne ruwan ya zama mai yawa, tunda baya tallafawa fari. Tsayayya har zuwa -8ºC.
Itacen ayaba
Hoton - Wikimedia / Dinesh Valke daga Thane, Indiya
Akwai itatuwan ayaba da yawa, amma ba duka ke samar da ayaba da ake ci ba. Ofayan waɗanda suke yin hakan shine matasan Muse x paradisiaca. Yana da megaforbia (babbar ganye) cewa ya kai tsayin mita 7, tare da cikakkun ganyaye masu santsi kimanin tsayin mita 3 da faɗin santimita 90. Tana samar da fruitsa fruitsan itace waɗanda berriesan itace ne na ƙarya har zuwa santimita 30 tsawonsu har zuwa 5 santimita a diamita, tare da fata mai launin rawaya da ɗan ƙaramin abu mai sauƙi.
Yana buƙatar rana da ruwa da yawa, da zafi. Dole ne ƙasa tayi magudanan ruwa sosai, kodayake tana jure wa kududdufai lokaci-lokaci kuma muddin basu wuce awa 48 ba. Ba tsiro ba ce da ke girma a cikin yanayin sanyi: yanayin da ke ƙasa da digiri 0 yana kashe ganye da ƙwanƙwara, amma rhizome ya tsira daga sanyi mai rauni har zuwa -2ºC. A cikin Spain yana iya faruwa a gabar tekun Bahar Rum, inda matsakaicin zafin shekara yake 14ºC ko sama da haka, kuma inda sanyi kan kasance akan lokaci da takaitaccen lokaci; Bugu da ƙari, a cikin sassa da yawa na Canary Islands kuma ana nome shi.
Shin kun san sauran fruita fruitan itace?